A study on the correlation between foot length and height of an individual and to derive regression formulae to estimate the height from foot length of an individual

Background: To find out the correlation between foot length and height of an individual and to derive regression formulae to estimate the height from foot length of an individual.Methods: This was a prospective comparative study. A total of 640 bilateral footprints collected from 320 adult volunteers of ages ranging between 25 and 50 years old. Foot Prints, foot length, Stature and height were recorded as per standard methods.Results: The mean age (year) was 38.43±7.63, Stature (cm) mean of male and female was 162.75±6.03, Left Foot Breadth (cm) was 8.90±0.92, Right Foot Breadth (cm) was 8.88±0.82, Left Foot length (cm) was 23.70±2.41 and Right Foot length (cm) was 23.68±2.41. The stature-mean ranges from 20.21±1.25 to 23.70±2.1 cm. First toe-heel footprint length measurement (PLT1, PRT1) was found to be the longest in both right and left sides (23.70±2.1; 23.68±1.32) and Fifth toe-heel footprint length measurement (PLT5, PRT5) was found to be the shortest in both right and left sides (20.60±1.3; 20.21±1.25). For males, the highest correlation coefficient was noted for PLT5 (0.524) and the lowest correlation coefficient noted was for PLT1 (0.581) and for females the highest correlation coefficient was noted for PLT5 (0.585) and the lowest correlation coefficient noted was for PLT1 (0.611). Hence, statistically significant correlation coefficients exist between stature and all footprint length measurements. With regard to the coefficient of determination (R2), the predictive accuracy is found to be statistically significant for stature estimation.Conclusions: Foot length in males and females shows highest correlation with stature and minimum standard error in the estimation of stature. So, the foot length provided the highest reliability and accuracy in estimating stature. The left foot length gives better prediction of stature than the right foot. The prediction of height is better in case of females in comparison to males

SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE LINKING TO LEADERSHIP EFFECTIVENESS: INTERCEDING ROLE OF PERSONALITY TRAITS

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between spiritual intelligence and leadership effectiveness. It was further in the objective of the current study to explore the personality traits as mediating factors between the relationship of spiritual intelligence and leadership effectiveness. Data were collected from a sample of 260 managers aged between 22 and 60 years working in different organizations in Multan. Managers provided information regarding emotional intelligence, personality traits, and leadership effectiveness. Findings revealed that spiritual intelligence was significantly related to leadership effectiveness and personality traits of extroversion and openness to experience. Result further revealed that personality trait of openness to experience was found positively correlated with leadership effectiveness. Results proposed that personality dimension of openness to experience mediated the relationship between spiritual intelligence and leadership effectiveness among managers. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.&nbsp

The Impact on Financial Inclusion in The Era of Covid-19: A Case of Developing Countries

The world still has a large unbanked population, which regularly contributes to unbanked transactions. The problem is a lack of trust, financial insecurity, and knowledge about the products and services of financial inclusion. Financial inclusion provides timely and cost-effective access to financial products and services like loans and credit facilities to low-income vulnerable groups. COVID-19 has badly affected all the world's economies and caused them to suffer a great recession, which makes it essential to include the unbanked population in the net of financial inclusion. This study aims to measure the impact of COVID-19 on financial inclusion in developing countries by taking data from 2017 to 2020. The results concluded that increased fintech technology, such as mobile money services during COVID-19, increased financial technology. People started using mobile accounts during COVID-19 to avoid the risk of getting infected by this novel virus

Identification of novel anticancer terpenoids from Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC (Leguminosae) pods

Purpose: To identify a novel source of terpenoid anticancer compounds from P. juliflora (Sw.) DC. (Leguminosae) pods as a medicinal substitute for cancer medicines.Methods: The pods were collected, dried and pulverized. The ethanol extract was prepared by maceration. Various phyto-constituents were detected in the extract by UV-VIS spectroscopy at a wavelength ranging from 200 - 800 nm. The molecular formula, chemical structure, and percent peak area of these phyto-constituents were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used for functional group determination of bioactive compounds.Results: P. juliflora pods were rich in tannins, carotenoid and terpenoids. Nineteen bioactive compounds were detected. Out of these, thirteen are here reported for the first time with four of them exhibiting anticancer activities, while two belong chemically to terpenoids. Furthermore, FTIR established characteristic peaks for the various biologically-active functional groups.Conclusion: The results show that P. juliflora pods is a valuable source of anticancer, antitumor and chemoprotective compounds, especially terpenoids, that can potentially be developed as alternatives to current painful and costly cancer therapies.Keywords: Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC., Anticancer terpenoids, Attenuated total reflectance-FTIR, Herbal medicin

Impact of Social Media and Television Advertising on Consumers’ Purchase Intention- A Study on Clothing Brands of Pakistan

Purpose: This research study is being conducted with the aim of understanding the impact of two most powerful media tools i.e. Television & Social Media, on the purchase intention of Female consumers in Pakistan. The research primarily concerns the clothing brands and to understand the influence of advertising and its impact by gaining the consumer insights from Target Audience. Methodology: For data collection, pre-established constructs have been adopted from published study with reliabilities and distributed among 200 respondents using convenience (non-probability) sampling technique.  The constructs used are tested through descriptive analysis, carried out on SPSS. Further the output related to the impact of these factors has been analyzed through Simple Linear Regression Analysis.  Significance of the Hypotheses has been tested by using F-test. Findings: The results of the study indicate that both social media and Television advertising have a significant positive impact on consumers’ Purchase Intention, however the findings specify that social media has greater impact in comparison to that of TV. Conclusion: This study aims at gathering consumer insights on impact of advertising, rather than looking at it through marketers’ perspective. This will help the marketers’ and Clothing brands in Pakistan to improvise their advertising plans by keeping in view the perception of consumers towards advertising. Also, it will contribute towards the development of favorable marketing strategies; such that cater to the needs of the customers and leads to the creation of brand experience that supersedes the expectations of their clients Moreover, the study can be taken further, by checking the impact of other media tools and including both genders in the population. &nbsp

Fuzz-classification (p, l)-Angel: An enhanced hybrid artificial intelligence based fuzzy logic for multiple sensitive attributes against privacy breaches

The inability of traditional privacy-preserving models to protect multiple datasets based on sensitive attributes has prompted researchers to propose models such as SLOMS, SLAMSA, (p, k)-Angelization, and (p, l)-Angelization, but these were found to be insufficient in terms of robust privacy and performance. (p, l)-Angelization was successful against different privacy disclosures, but it was not efficient. To the best of our knowledge, no robust privacy model based on fuzzy logic has been proposed to protect the privacy of sensitive attributes with multiple records. In this paper, we suggest an improved version of (p, l)-Angelization based on a hybrid AI approach and privacy-preserving approach like Generalization. Fuzz-classification (p, l)-Angel uses artificial intelligence based fuzzy logic for classification, a high-dimensional segmentation technique for segmenting quasi-identifiers and multiple sensitive attributes. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution by modelling and analyzing privacy violations using High-Level Petri Nets. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the proposed approach produces better results in terms of efficiency and utility

Population Status, Threats and Conservation of the Spotted Pond Turtle; Geoclemys Hamiltonii (Gray, 1830) (Geoemydidae) of Pakistan

In the present work on population status, threats and conservation of thespotted pond turtle; Geoclemys hamiltonii (Gray, 1830) (Geoemydidae)was conducted in Thatta, Sujawal and Badin districts of Sindh provinceof Pakistan. A total number of 277 live specimens of G. hamiltonii fromsoutheast province (Sindh) of Pakistan have been collected from differentwater bodies and sites in three consecutive year’s i.e 2015-2017. Thepopulation status of G. hamiltonii has recorded as decreasing in Sindhdue to habitat destruction, eutrophication, agricultural farming and someother anthropogenic activities. This species is mostly used as pet and thepoachers mostly carrying this species for trade in East Asian countries. Theglobally illegal trading hubs of this species are Bangkok, Taiwan and HongKong. More and powerful actions and efforts are needed to raise awarenessof smuggling of wildlife, with a specific need of formal memorandums ofunderstanding (MOUs) are strongly encouraged south Asian and east Asiancountries to control illegal trade between the countries and territories alongthe trade route of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Hong Kong andTaiwan to improve cross border enforcement

Antiviral activity of organic molecules having sulfonamide moiety: An insight of recent research

Sulfonamide derivatives are well known for their antibacterial activity as manifested by ‘Sulfa Drugs’, for example, sulfamethoxazole etc. In addition, they are associated with a large number of pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-viral etc. This work has emphasized their application as antiviral agents such as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), HCV (hepatitis C virus) etc. We have presented here a number of sulfonamide derivatives exhibiting remarkable antiviral potential