Bayesian Estimation of Erlang Distribution under Different Generalized Truncated Distributions as Priors

Various generalized truncated distributions are considered as independent informative priors for estimating shape and scale parameters of the Erlang distribution. In addition, various special cases are also discussed

Reliability Estimates of Generalized Poisson Distribution and Generalized Geometric Series Distribution

Discrete distributions have played an important role in the reliability theory. In order to obtain Bayes estimators, researchers have adopted various conventional techniques. Generalizing the results of Maiti (1995), Chaturvadi and Tomer (2002) dealt with the problem of estimating P{X1, X2, …, Xk ≤ Y}, where random variables X and Y were assumed to follow a negative binomial distribution. Agit et al. obtained Bayesian estimates of the reliability functions and P{X1, X2, …, Xk ≤ Y} considering X and Y following binomial and Poisson distributions. The reliability function of the generalized Poisson and generalized geometric distribution is investigated. The expression for P{X1, X2, …, Xk ≤ Y} was obtained with X’s and Y following a Poisson distribution and some particular cases are shown

Estimation of Multi Component Systems Reliability in Stress-Strength Models

In a system with standby redundancy, there are a number of components only one of which works at a time and the other remain as standbys. When an impact of stress exceeds the strength of the active component, for the first time, it fails and another from standbys, if there is any, is activated and faces the impact of stresses, not necessarily identical as faced by the preceding component and the system fails when all the components have failed. Sriwastav and Kakaty (1981) assumed that the components stress-strengths are similarly distributed. However, in general the stress distributions will be different from the strength distributions not only in parameter values but also in forms, because stresses are independent of strengths and the two are governed by different physical conditions. Assume the components in the system for both stress and strength are independent and follow different probability distributions viz. Exponential, Gamma, Lindley. Different conditions for stress and strength were considered. Under these assumptions the reliabilities of the system have been obtained with the help of the particular forms of density functions of n-standby system when all stress-strengths are random variables. The expressions for the marginal reliabilities R(1), R(2), R(3) etc. have been obtained based on its stress-strength models. Results obtained by J. Gogoi and M. Bohra are particular case presentations

An Optimised Approach of Protecting and Sustaining Large Vehicle System

This article is a synopsis of our research and highlights the outcomes and its impact. It was conducted for the development of a sustainable approach to protect and sustain large vehicles in sheltered environment for their enhanced longevity. In this research various modes of failures linked directly or indirectly to the structural ageing of large vehicles were identified, measured, and analysed. Based upon the research conducted; A frame-work to retard structural failures and in-situ condition monitoring has been proposed with an objective to prolong the structural longevity cost effectively

Development of Nanocomposite Coatings

Special Issue in the Development of Nanocomposite Coatings in nanomaterials was setup with the aim to provide an opportunity to showcase the latest developments within the theme of this special issue. It therefore welcomed research articles and reviews papers, by invitation only, within the context of nanocom-posite coatings for possible publications. There are wide ranging major applications of nanocomposite coat-ings for example corrosion, tribology, machine elements, components, complex interacting systems, and flu-id flow especially within the context of cavitation. We have been witnessing increased application needs to address key global and industrial challenges including energy efficiency, reliability, sustainability and dura-bility of systems and machines. These components and systems are often deployed in harsh operating envi-ronments and conditions, for example, very high and subzero temperatures, extreme pressures, very high loading, exposure to corrosive environment, and starved lubrication. To solve these issues, novel and inno-vative approaches are needed. These solutions include optimisation of surfaces and interfaces through surface modifications and coatings. Development and applications of nanocoatings and nanocomposite coatings are relatively new and developments in this area are underway

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and the construction of the Ahmadiyya identity.

The presence of Jama'at-i Ahmadiyya has reinvigorated the debate on Islamic orthodoxy in South Asia's Muslim mainstream. Assessing Mirza Ghulam Ahmad's career has been made difficult by the polarized nature of the questions surrounding his reputation, which oscillate between messianic saviour and antichrist, where one extreme represents pristine orthodoxy and the other represents a perverse infidelity beyond the pale of Islam. The pre-eminence of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad over his disciples, the esoteric ambiguity of his spiritual claims, the emphasis that he placed on internal and external reform, and the exclusivity of his early community of followers are all indicative of a medieval Sufi order. However, the advent of modernity and the politics of colonial subjugation influenced and shaped the development of an unexpected Ahmadi identity which evolved in an increasingly globalized world. The Ahmadi identity is not wholly based on Mirza Ghulam Ahmad's controversial claims, but is also a result of the socio-political context of the early twentieth century South Asian environment from which it emerged. British rule in India initiated a reassessment of Muslim institutions and an evaluation of Muslim political autonomy leading up to the partition. Jama'at-i Ahmadiyya's involvement in major political crises, such as the conflict in Kashmir, the partition of India itself, and the Punjab disturbances of 1953, gradually led to the politicization of Ahmadi Islam. As the notion of Ahmadiyyat became increasingly politicized, the formation of the Ahmadi identity evolved, and the dichotomy between Ahmadiyyat and Islam widened. This study traces the development of the Ahmadiyya identity from its Sufi style beginnings to a formalized construct that has the potential of shedding its Islamic origins altogether. As this process progresses, Ahmadiyyat may develop into a unique religious movement with a distinct religious identity that is separate from Islam

Modeling the Effect of Residual and Diffusion-Induced Stresses on Corrosion at the Interface of Coating and Substrate

The effect of residual and diffusion induced stresses on corrosion at the interface of coating and substrate has been analysed within a multidisciplinary approach i.e. material science, solid mechanics and electrochemistry. A self-consistent equation for corrosion current density, involving the combined effect of residual stress and diffusion induced stress is developed. The influences of temperature, moduli ratio, thickness ratio, thermal mismatch ratio and residual stress gradient of coating and substrate on the corrosion current density are then discussed. Results indicate that when the thermal expansion of coating is greater than substrate, the decrease in temperature from fabrication temperature accounts for the same direction of both the residual and the diffusion stresses. This behaviour increases the deflection of coating-substrate system and results in the evolution of tensile residual stress in the coating. The tensile stress opens the pre-existing coating micro crack allowing the diffusion of corrosive agents and therefore, accelerating the corrosion damage to the coating-substrate interface. The model is based on experimental observations conducted to understand the behaviour of corrosion at the coating-substrate interface in the presence of tensile or compressive residual stresses. At the end the model has been validated against the experimental results showing a good quantitative agreement between the predicted theoretical and experimental trends

Wear and Friction Properties of Electrodeposited Ni-Based Coatings Subject to Nano-enhanced Lubricant and Composite Coating.

This paper presents research findings on the tribological performance of electrodeposited coatings subject to nano-lubricants with the addition of nano-Al2O3 and graphene and Ni/nano-Al2O3 composite coatings. Electrodeposited coatings were produced by using a pulse electrodeposition method. Tribological experiments were conducted by using a linear reciprocating ball on flat sliding tribometer. Experimental results confirm that the wear and friction resistance properties have been significantly enhanced by doping of nano-effects in the lubricating oil and composite coating. The addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles in the lubricating oil showed the best tribological properties, followed by Ni-Al2O3 composite coatings and nano-oil with graphene. The surface morphology and microstructure of electrodeposited coatings were examined by using a Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The wear mechanisms of these coatings subjected to tribological testing were investigated by post-test surface analyses. This research provides novel approach to design durable nano-coatings for tribological applications in various industries such as automotive, aerospace, locomotive and renewable energy technologies

Corrosion measurement device [PATENT]

This is a novel predictive and prognostic remote probing system invention to monitor corrosion of coating and subsurface. Coatings can be both metallic and non-metallic. The EIS measurement is resistant to interference and has a high corrosion resolution which produces stable and reliable results. Protective properties of a coating can be learned from an impedance spectroscopy obtained via the measurement that reflects changes in the coating and at the interface of coating-substrate system