The Impact of Organizational Climate on Teachers Commitment

Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between school climate and teachers’ commitment and to determine the impact of key dimensions of school climate on teachers’ commitment which is related with efficiency and effectiveness of school. The population of the study comprises elementary level teachers of private schools in Karachi. Quantitative survey method was used using correlation design. Data collected was examined using inferential statistics. The Organizational Climate Index(OCI) developed by Hoy, Smith, and Sweetland and the Organizational Commitment Questioanaire (OCQ) developed by Mowday, Steers, and Porter were used as the survey instruments. The results indicated a relationship between school climate and teacher’s commitment, dimensions such as collegial leadership and academic achievement have significant positive relationship with teacher’s commitment. Institutional vulnerability indicates a significant negative relationship. The results of the regression analysis revealed that the collegial leadership and institutional vulnerability are the predictors of teachers’ commitment. The findings of the study can contribute to develop the insights of the school administrators and principals on the importance of school climate that is crucial for improving the level of teachers’ commitment and based on these insights, can make the necessary attempts to develop the positive school climate that contributes for enhancing the acedemic excellance at their institutions. Keywords:  organizational climate, teachers commitment, collegial leadership, acedemic achievement, teachers professionalism, institutional vulneribility.                         

Dental Practitioners and their Perceptions Regarding the Use of Antioxidants in the Promotion of Oral Health

INTRODUCTION: The role of free radicals is well established as a crucial component of the immune system. AIM: To assess the perception of dental practitioners of Northern and Central India regarding the role of antioxidants in oral health.MATERIALS AND METHOD: A pre-tested and pre-validated online questionnaire was distributed among various dental practitioners in Northern and Central India which consisted of dichotomous responses. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, followed by the Chi square test to check significant differences between the responses. Correlation between responses were analysed through the Spearman’s rank correlation. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 (SPSS 20).RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed among the genders, with females 126 (43.7%) having lesser knowledge than males 162(56.3%) regarding the use of antioxidants in their clinical practice. High knowledge scores were observed in 288 (69.2%) dental professionals. Postgraduates were found to have (p=0.05) a higher level of knowledge as compared to graduates.CONCLUSION: The use of antioxidants in dentistry should be increased through the conduction of various CDE programmes. workshops and evidence-based practice guidelines

De‑globalization, International Trade Protectionism, and the Reconfigurations of Global Value Chains

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Anti-diabetic potential of aerial parts of Galium tricornutum (Dandy) Rubiaceae

Purpose: To evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of methanol extract of the aerial parts of Galium tricornutum (Dandy) in diabetic rats.Methods: The methanol extract of the aerial parts of Galium tricornutum was first subjected to acute toxicity studies. Thereafter, the effect of the extract on oral glucose tolerance was determined. In addition, the effect of the extract on fasting blood glucose, as well as serum lipid profile, urea, creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and protein were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Results: No acute toxicity were observed in the rats after administration of the plant extract up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg. The effect of the extract on glucose tolerance test was significant from 30 to 180 min after treatment. In the diabetic rats, the extract showed significant (p < 0.05) anti-hyperglycemic activity at 400 mg/kg. It also led to significant increases in body weight and HDL-cholesterol, and significant reductions in serum LDL, triglycerides and transaminases (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These results indicate that the aerial parts of G. tricornutum possess significant antidiabetic potential.Keywords: Diabetes, Galium tricornutum, Glibenclamide, Glucose tolerance tes, Lipid profil

Frequency of Distribution and Relationship of Nail Changes and Oral Mucosal Involvement in Classical Lichen Planus (LP)

Introduction: LP is an itchy dermatosis. It is of different types with classical LP being a common type. It most commonly affects the skin of the limbs, however, it can affect the mucous membranes, genitals and nails as well. Materials and Methods: 100 patients of classical LP presenting in Dermatology OPD of Benazir Bhutto Hospital were enrolled to assess the involvement of nails and oral mucosa in the disease. Statistical Analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results: Out of 100 patients, 70% were free from any oral mucosal or nail involvement, whereas, 7% had both oral mucosal as well as nail involvement with classical LP. 18% had oral mucosa affected but nails spared and only 5% had nails affected without oral mucous membrane involvement with the diseases. 25% had oral mucosal involvement with reticular pattern being most common type and 12% showed nail changes with longitudinal ridging being the most common. Fisher’s exact test computed a two tailed p value of 0.0093 showing a significant association of nail changes in classical LP with oral mucosal involvement. Conclusion: Classical LP is an itchy condition which most commonly affects the skin, mucous membranes and nails. However, if oral mucous membranes are involved, the risk of having nails affected by the disease is quite significant. The distribution frequency of nail and oral mucosal changes as well as their predominant subtypes associated with classical LP in South Asians is comparable with rest of the world & other types of L

Integration of outside-in and inside-out entrepreneurial marketing capabilities, marketing agility, and resources for entrepreneurial firms performance

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International Vertical Alliances within the International Business Field : A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda

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International open innovation and international market success : an empirical study of emerging market small and medium-sized enterprises

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THE IMPACT OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE ON DECISION MAKING – A BEHAVIORAL EXPERIMENT

There is a critical need to better understand the nuances of decision making in today’s global business environment. The quality of decisions is importantly influenced by the personality traits and knowledge of the decision makers. We analyze the effect of those factors on confidence and quality of decisions taken in the context of supply chain management. Personality traits are defined through the Big Five personality traits model which has recently gained widespread reception. The data was gathered via an experiment in which a group of participants played an online supply chain simulation game where several decisions needed to be made during a span of one week. The results show that confidence in decision positively affects decision quality. Neuroticism and agreeableness negatively affect confidence in decision, while self-reported knowledge positively affects confidence in decision. Further work includes running more experiments in order to gain more data for verification of results and testing of additional hypotheses which could not be tested on the current data sample

The Role of Emotions in Cross-border Mergers & Acquisitions : A Systematic Review of the Inter-disciplinary Literature and Future Research Agenda

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