The Role of Transformational Leadership for Human Resource Managers in Training and Development

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the subject of transformational leadership, one of the important modern topics in the management of business organizations, because of its importance in making important decisions related to activities and jobs, and this requires the availability of human resources with high skills and efficiency and has the ability to assume responsibility.   Theoretical framework: Recent literature mentioned that there are many leadership styles, the most prominent of which is transformational leadership. The purpose of the theoretical framework is to identify this style with its dimensions and variables, as well as to identify all dimensions and variables of training.   Design/methodology/approach: A community and a research sample were selected from (40) individuals in the Department of Special Education, and the questionnaire was used as the main tool to obtain data.   Findings: One of the most important conclusions of the research is that there is a strong relationship and influence of transformational leadership in the training process and in all dimensions except for the empowerment of workers and materials.   Research, Practical & Social implications: By understanding the dimensions of the research, it is possible to increase confidence between the employees, the management and the trained workers in it, in addition to preparing a catalogue that identifies the materials that will be trained on.   Value: The value of the study is concentrated on adding some knowledge to leaders, practitioners and administrators, transformational leadership and the training process

Antioxidant activity influenced by in vivo and in vitro mutagenesis in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

The antioxidant potential (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPHº)-scavenging activity) of in vitro regenerated and induced mutant sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) was investigated. Efficient callus induction and shoot regeneration were induced in bud explants when incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators (PGRs). Best callogenesis was observed on MS-medium supplemented with 3 mg L-1 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D) and on ½ MS medium with 2 mg L-1 2,4 D after 30-days of culture. Almost 85% shoot organogenesis was observed on MS-medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3) within 30 days. Optimum percentage rooting (89%), were obtained for 2 mg L-1 of BA alone. Mother plant setts were irradiated with 60Co mutagen source. Assay of antioxidant activity of in vitro and in vivo grown tissues was evaluated as gross parameter of medicinal efficacy. Significantly higher antioxidant activity (60%) in in vitro regenerated sugarcane was observed as compared to induced mutant (57%) and mother plant (53%).Key words: Saccharum officinarum, in vitro regeneration, induced mutation, antioxidant

Prevalence of hamstrings tightness and its impact on lower extremity function in asymptomatic individuals with prolonged standing hours

Background: Hamstrings undergo adaptive shortening. It is common in healthy individuals to have a sedentary lifestyle affecting males (91.8%) more than females (78.7%). Hamstring tightness can interrupt ADL’s predisposing the person to further health problems i.e. plantar fasciitis, sacroiliac joint pain, decreased lumbar lordosis, knee pain, quadriceps malfunction, postural disturbances, overstretched lumbar ligaments, reduced muscle strength. Aims and Objectives: To analyze the prevalence of hamstring tightness and its effects on lower extremity function in individuals with prolonged standing. Materials and Methods: 65 participants were chosen for this cross-sectional study by convenient sampling; all were female nurses. The hamstring tightness was measured by the data collection tools i.e. lower limb task questionnaire, straight leg raise test, and active knee extension test after having the consent forms signed by the participants. The data was collected from three big hospitals in the city. Results: The results of the study conducted to see the prevalence of hamstrings tightness and its impact on lower extremity function in asymptomatic individuals with prolonged standing hours showed that only 15.38% of the sample (n=65) with a mean age of 31-35 years were found with bilateral hamstrings tightness while 84.62% were found with no hamstrings tightness. Conclusion: The prevalence of hamstring tightness in asymptomatic individuals with prolonged standing hours is low

Extrusion of the Peritoneal Catheter of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Through the Rectum

A ventriculoperitoneal shunt is a common procedure for hydrocephalus. It is a life-saving procedure but is not risk-free. Some of the most common complications are shunt blockage and infection but they can also present with uncommon presentations. We report A child who presented with extrusion of a shunt catheter through the rectum. It was treated as an infected shunt. Externalization of the shunt was done through the abdominal site and the exposed shunt was removed through the rectum by gentle traction. Once CSF was clear a new shunt was placed on the opposite side. Keywords:  VP shunt, shunt infection, anal extrusion. Key Message:  Exposure to a shunt catheter through the rectum is an uncommon presentation. It should be treated as an infected shunt. Most of these cases do not cause peritonitis or meningitis. The exposed shunt catheter should be removed through the rectum by gentle traction. Abbreviations:  VP-Ventriculoperitoneal, CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid. ETV -Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy

Performance Based Evaluation and Selection of Different Promising Lines of Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L.) for the Shattering Tolerance

To evaluate the ten promising lines of Brassica napus against the shattering tolerance, the experiments were carried out in split plot design in the research area of Barani Agricultural Research Institute; Chakwal, Pakistan during two rabi growing season 2011-12 & 2012-13 under rainfed conditions. The main plot was harvested in five different harvesting dates including: HarD1 = Harvesting at physiological maturity of crop, HarD2= 7 days after the first harvesting of each promising line, HarD3= 15 days after the first harvesting of each promising line, HarD4= 21 days after the first harvesting of each promising line, HarD5= 30 days after the first harvesting of each promising line. The difference of grain yield (kg/ha) of each promising line in different harvesting dates with compare to its grain yield (kg/ha) in first harvesting date (HarD1-HarDi) were measured as indices of shattering. The combine analysis of variance of two year revealed that all the promising lines were significant different for harvesting date, harvesting date x promising lines interaction effect and also year and its interaction effects to each study factors. In the present experiment, the promising line 12CBN008 & 10CBN004 had grain yield 1089 kg/ha & 897 kg/ha respectively. The significant difference of genotypes x harvesting dates confirmed different level of shattering of all promising lines in different harvesting dates. The magnitude of grain yield shattering loss was increased in 4th and 5th harvesting dates. On the basis of shattering tolerance among all the promising lines the 11CBN010 was more tolerant to shattering and 11CBN005 were relatively more susceptible to shattering. Keywords: Rapeseed, Harvesting date, Shattering toleranc

Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing The Effect Of Oral Rehydration Therapy With And Without Racecadotril In The Management Of Acute Diarrhea In Children

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of racecadotril in children with acute diarrheal illness. Methods: This randomized case-control study was conducted at Watim General Hospital over four months from April to July 2023. A total of 120 children aged 3 months to 12 years with acute diarrhoea were included and randomly allocated to two groups. Group A (n=60) received standard treatment with oral rehydration therapy, while Group B (n=60) received oral rehydration therapy, zinc, probiotics, and racecadotril. The primary outcome measured was the mean duration of illness, and the secondary outcome was the number of stools 48 hours after the start of treatment. Data were collected using a pre-designed proforma and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Results: The study population had an average age of 50.35±41.52 months, with equal gender distribution. The mean duration of illness in Group A was 2.72±1.34 days, while in Group B, it was 2.70±1.29 days. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean duration of illness between the two groups (p=0.945). Conclusion: This study did not demonstrate a significant reduction in the mean duration of illness for children with acute gastroenteritis using standard treatment with or without racecadotril. Further investigations and large-scale studies may be needed to establish the efficacy of racecadotril in the management of acute diarrhoea in children

Cerebellar Manifestation Secondary To Rectal Neoplasia

The condition known as paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is among the most disabling examples of a cancer\u27s remote effects. Serology for paraneoplastic antibodies, clinical suspicion, and a targeted search for malignancy all play a role in the diagnosis. Tests for neuronal autoantibodies aid in diagnosis and point the way for the search for malignancy. Unfortunately, even with an early diagnosis, existing therapeutic approaches only have little success. Here we present the case of a young male who developed cerebellar syndrome secondary to rectal neoplasia