Endonasal infrared thermometry for the diagnosis of allergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa in patients with bronchial asthma

© 2017, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy. All rights reserved. Bronchial asthma (BA) is often associated with chronic inflammatory processes in the nasal mucosa; these processes give rise to allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, adenoiditis, and polypous rhinosinusitis. Due to their multiple symptoms, these diseases of the upper respiratory tract, especially allergic rhinitis, are often difficult to verify in patients with asthma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of endonasal IR thermometry in BA patients suspected of allergic rhinitis. Materials and Methods. Fifty children diagnosed with both BA and allergic rhinitis and 15 healthy children, matched by gender and age, participated in the study. The endonasal temperature determined with contactless IR thermometry was confronted with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and sinusitis assessed with the TNSS and SNOT-20 questionnaires. The results were compared with the severity of nasal obstruction as determined through the anterior active rhinomanometry. Results. The nasal temperature in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis was 33.77 [33.37; 34.17]°С, which was significantly lower than that in the group of healthy children (34.98 [34.57; 35.39] °С; p=0.0006); the body temperature did not differ between the groups (36.55 [36.45; 36.65] and 36.58 [36.40; 36.76] °С, respectively; p=0.5). We found a negative correlation between the values of nasal temperature and the sinusitis symptom scores in patients with BA and allergic rhinitis (R=–0.32; p=0.02). Conclusion. Patients with both BA and allergic rhinitis showed a decreased endonasal temperature in comparison with healthy children; the endonasal temperature can serve an indicator of allergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Metal organic framework nanosheets in polymer composite materials for gas separation

[EN] Composites incorporating two-dimensional nanostructures within polymeric matrices have potential as functional components for several technologies, including gas separation. Prospectively, employing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as versatile nanofillers would notably broaden the scope of functionalities. However, synthesizing MOFs in the form of freestanding nanosheets has proved challenging. We present a bottom-up synthesis strategy for dispersible copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate MOF lamellae of micrometre lateral dimensions and nanometre thickness. Incorporating MOF nanosheets into polymer matrices endows the resultant composites with outstanding CO2 separation performance from CO2/CH4 gas mixtures, together with an unusual and highly desired increase in the separation selectivity with pressure. As revealed by tomographic focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy, the unique separation behaviour stems from a superior occupation of the membrane cross-section by the MOF nanosheets as compared with isotropic crystals, which improves the efficiency of molecular discrimination and eliminates unselective permeation pathways. This approach opens the door to ultrathin MOF-polymer composites for various applications.The research leading to these results has received funding (J.G., B.S.) from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 335746, CrystEng-MOF-MMM. T.R. is grateful to TUDelft for funding. G.P. acknowledges the A. von Humboldt Foundation for a research grant. A.C., I.L. and F.X.L.i.X. thank Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (project MULTICAT) and the ‘Severo Ochoa’ programme for support. 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Chem. 2009, 2338–2343 (2009).Ameloot, R. et al. Interfacial synthesis of hollow metal-organic framework capsules demonstrating selective permeability. Nature Chem. 3, 382–387 (2011).Chen, Z. et al. Microporous metal-organic framework with immobilized -OH functional groups within the pore surfaces for selective gas sorption. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2010, 3745–3749 (2010).Karra, J. R. & Walton, K. S. Molecular simulations and experimental studies of CO2, CO, and N2 adsorption in metal-organic frameworks. J. Phys. Chem. C 114, 15735–15740 (2010).Liu, J., Thallapally, P. K., McGrail, B. P., Brown, D. R. & Liu, J. Progress in adsorption-based CO2 capture by metal-organic frameworks. Chem. Soc. Rev. 41, 2308–2322 (2012).Seki, K., Takamizawa, S. & Mori, W. Characterization of microporous copper(II) dicarboxylates (fumarate, terephthalate, and trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate) by gas adsorption. Chem. Lett. 30, 122–123 (2001).Carson, C. G. et al. 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Die akkuraatheid en konsekwentheid van tandheelkundige intensiteitsmeters.

TandheelkundeNavorsingsinstituut vir Mond- & TandheelkundePlease help us populate SUNScholar with the post print version of this article. It can be e-mailed to: [email protected]

Hierarchical structuring of metal-organic framework thin-films on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) substrates for selective adsorption applications

Continuous stepwise liquid-phase epitaxial (LPE) growth is one of the most effective procedures for structuring metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as two-dimensional superstructures, such as thin-films. Alternation of the building block precursors between the individual LPE growth cycles (i.e. from one linker to the other) allows heterostructured MOF films consisting of two different MOFs with different structural or chemical properties to be synthesized with a precise control of the growth sequence. Here, we employ the LPE growth strategy for the preparation of highly functional, hierarchically structured core–shell architectures consisting of [Zn₄O(3,5-dialkylcarboxypyrazolate)]₃n-based frameworks. Specifically, the small-pore [Zn₄O(3-methyl-5-isopropyl-4-carboxypyrazolate)₃]n (Zn-MI) and [Zn₄O(3,5- diethyl-4-carboxypyrazolate)₃]n (Zn-DE) frameworks are respectively deposited as a size selective layer upon larger-pore [Zn₄O(3,5-dimethyl-4-carboxypyrazolate)₃]n (Zn-DM) and [Zn₄O(3-methyl-5-ethyl-4- carboxypyrazolate)₃]n (Zn-ME) layers. Direct growth of the MOF layers on the Au surfaces of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors allowed the adsorption properties of the heterostructures to be probed in real-time. Multiple-component adsorption experiments in an environment-controlled QCM apparatus revealed size selectivity with respect to the adsorption of alcohols, as well as the molecular recognition of methanol over water. These properties stem from the positioning of the small-pore Zn-MI (or Zn-DE) layer on the larger-pore Zn-DM (or Zn-ME) layer, facilitating attractive synergistic properties for adsorptive selectivity and providing a possibility for further development in MOF-based sensing applications.Suttipong Wannapaiboon, Min Tu, Kenji Sumida, Kira Khaletskaya, Shuhei Furukawa, Susumu Kitagawa and Roland A. Fische

Body Height of Children with Bronchial Asthma of Various Severities

Influence of bronchial asthma (BA) severity on physical development in children patients was evaluated in comparison with healthy population. Materials and Methods. 1042 children and adolescents (768 boys) with atopic BA were evaluated. All children underwent standard examination in a clinical setting, including anthropometry. The control group included 875 healthy children of a comparable age (423 boys). Results. The fraction of patients with the normal, lower, and increased height among the whole group of patients with BA is close to the corresponding values in the healthy population (χ2=3.32, p=0.65). The fraction of BA patients with the reduced physical development is increased monotonically and significantly when the BA severity increases: healthy group, 8.2% (72/875), BA intermittent, 4.2% (6/144), BA mild persistent 9% (47/520), BA moderate persistent, 11.7% (36/308), and BA severe persistent, 24.3% (17/70) (χ2=45.6, p=0,0009). Conclusion. The fraction of the children with the reduced height is increased monotonically and significantly in the groups of increasing BA severities. At the same time, the fraction of such children in groups of intermittent and mild persistent BA practically does not differ from the conditionally healthy peers

Endonasal infrared thermometry for the diagnosis of allergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa in patients with bronchial asthma

© 2017, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy. All rights reserved. Bronchial asthma (BA) is often associated with chronic inflammatory processes in the nasal mucosa; these processes give rise to allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, adenoiditis, and polypous rhinosinusitis. Due to their multiple symptoms, these diseases of the upper respiratory tract, especially allergic rhinitis, are often difficult to verify in patients with asthma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of endonasal IR thermometry in BA patients suspected of allergic rhinitis. Materials and Methods. Fifty children diagnosed with both BA and allergic rhinitis and 15 healthy children, matched by gender and age, participated in the study. The endonasal temperature determined with contactless IR thermometry was confronted with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and sinusitis assessed with the TNSS and SNOT-20 questionnaires. The results were compared with the severity of nasal obstruction as determined through the anterior active rhinomanometry. Results. The nasal temperature in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis was 33.77 [33.37; 34.17]°С, which was significantly lower than that in the group of healthy children (34.98 [34.57; 35.39] °С; p=0.0006); the body temperature did not differ between the groups (36.55 [36.45; 36.65] and 36.58 [36.40; 36.76] °С, respectively; p=0.5). We found a negative correlation between the values of nasal temperature and the sinusitis symptom scores in patients with BA and allergic rhinitis (R=–0.32; p=0.02). Conclusion. Patients with both BA and allergic rhinitis showed a decreased endonasal temperature in comparison with healthy children; the endonasal temperature can serve an indicator of allergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Hematologic Features of Children and Adolescent Patients with Acute Hypersensitivity Reactions on Drugs and Food

Hematological parameters and blood biochemical markers were measured in 131 children and adolescent patients (70 boys) aged 2 to 17 years with acute hypersensitivity reactions induced by food (59 patients) and medicines (72 patients) in order to establish differences in clinical manifestations and hematological parameters in children with food and drug hypersensitivity and to elaborate the hematological criteria for differentiating the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of various types of hypersensitivity. Both groups of patients had comparable clinical symptoms with a predominance of skin lesions. The significant differences between the groups with drug- and food-induced hypersensitivity reactions were found in their red blood characteristics. In patients with hypersensitive reactions to drugs, significantly lower levels of erythrocytes and hemoglobin were found, while the median values of these parameters did not exceed the limits of reference values. These differences persisted also in the analysis of hemoglobin values, analyzed with accounting for the age and sex of patients. The reduction of hemoglobin was not accompanied by an increase in bilirubin in these patients. Thus, this fact does not support the assumption about the drug-induced hemolysis as a main effect influencing the hematological parameters. Hemogram evaluation performed during 7–10 days after admission demonstrated a higher level of hemoglobin in both groups. The biochemical markers were not significantly distinguished except bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase which were higher in patients with food-induced hypersensitivity

Effect of Nasal Obstructive Disorders on Sinonasal Symptoms in Children with Different Levels of Bronchial Asthma Control

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic rhinosinusitis (ARS) are typical upper airway pathologies (UAP) in children with bronchial asthma (BA) frequently accompanied with nasal obstructive diseases (NOD). In order to establish the effect of NOD on correlations between nasal and synonasal symptoms with clinical assessments of asthma control, 82 children, 9.8 [8.9; 10.7] years old, with atopic BA were assessed using ACQ-5 for the BA control level, TNSS for nasal symptoms, and SNOT-20 for synonasal quality of life in combination with rhinovideoendoscopy for NOD. All patients had AR/ARS; in 76.3% (63/82) of children, UAP had a multimorbid character with the presence of NOD. Significant correlations were found between ACQ-5 and TNSS (R=0.40,  p<0.0001) and ACQ-5 and SNOT-20 (R=0.42,  p<0.0001). Correlations between TNSS/ACQ-5 and SNOT-20/ACQ-5 were higher in patients who do not have a combination of AR/ARS with NOD (R=0.67,  p=0.0012; R=0.50,  p=0.022, resp.) than in patients who have AR/ARS combined with NOD (R=0.30,  p=0.015;  R=0.26,  p=0.04, resp.). Thus, the association of BA control level with the expression of nasal and synonasal symptoms is higher in children who do not have multimorbid UAP

Комбинированное лечение неоваскулярной посттромботической глаукомы (клиническое наблюдение)

PURPOSE. To present the features of the clinical course and evaluate the effectiveness of laser and surgical treatment of patients with neovascular glaucoma following central retinal vein thrombosis.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two patients with neovascular glaucoma secondary to central retinal vein thrombosis were examined. Surgical interventions were performed: patient M. — micropulse cyclophotocoagulation (twice), intravitreal administration of an angiogenesis inhibitor (5 injections), retinal laser coagulation (two-stage); patient E. — micropulse cyclophotocoagulation, intravitreal administration of an angiogenesis inhibitor (2 injections), implantation of the Ahmed valve.RESULTS. The treatment resulted in compensation of intraocular pressure (IOP), improvement of visual functions, reduction of neovascularization in the structures of the anterior eye segment.CONCLUSION. Micropulse cyclophotocoagulation can be used in the complex treatment of neovascular glaucoma at any stage in order to reduce IOP and decrease the neovascularization in the iris and anterior chamber angle structures in the postoperative period.ЦЕЛЬ. Представить особенности клиники и оценить эффективность лазерного и хирургического лечения пациентов с неоваскулярной глаукомой (НВГ) на фоне перенесенного тромбоза центральной вены сетчатки (ЦВС).МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Обследованы два пациента с вторичной НВГ вследствие тромбоза ЦВС. Выполнены оперативные вмешательства: первому пациенту — микроимпульсная циклофотокоагуляция (дважды), интравитреальное введение ингибитора ангиогенеза (5 инъекций), лазеркоагуляция сетчатки (двухэтапная); второму пациенту — микроимпульсная циклофотокоагуляция, интравитреальное введение ингибитора ангиогенеза (2 инъекции), имплантация клапана Ahmed.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В результате проведенного лечения была достигнута компенсация внутриглазного давления (ВГД), улучшение зрительных функций, снижение неоваскуляризации структур переднего отрезка глазного яблока.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Микроимпульсная циклофотокоагуляция может применяться в комплексном лечении НВГ на любом этапе с целью снижения ВГД и уменьшения неоваскуляризации радужки и структур угла передней камеры в послеоперационном периоде