Postbuckling Analysis of Functionally Graded Beams Using Nonlinear Model

The major novelty of the paper in the study, post-buckling of simply supported FGM beams using various theory, classical beam theory (CBT), first-order shear deformation beam theory (FSDBT), parabolic shear deformation beam theory (PSDBT) and exponential shear deformation beam theory (ESDBT). Governing equations of FGM beam for post-buckling problem were found by applying Hamilton principle and Navier type solution method was used to solve post-buckling problem. It is assumed that elasticity modulus is changing in the thickness direction and all other material properties are taken to be constant. Variation of elasticity modulus in the thickness direction, are described by a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of constituents. The shear effect is shown to have a significant contribution to both the buckling and post-buckling behaviors. Results of this analysis show that classical and first-order theories underestimate the amplitude of buckling while all higher order theories, considered in this study, yield very close results for the static post-buckling response

Health Care System Based on Semantic Web and XML Technologies

The purpose and the goal of the paper is using a semantic web and XML (the Extensible Markup Language) technologies for managing medical information during a diagnostic process is studied. Following a steady international move towards optimization of health care delivery, the latest development in information technology has drawn the health care industry decision makers’ attention. The introduction of proper information technology innovations within the health care processes should provide the necessary optimization. In this manner can be proposed an approach to manage medical data during the whole diagnostic process using the semantic Web and XML technologies. The purpose of the Semantic Web is to bring structure to the content of Web pages allowing software agents to carry out intelligent tasks for the user. This opens a new set of opportunities that can be utilized to improve health care management on a personal and health care provider level. The aim of this paper in progress is to identify the needs and match them to the services possible with the Semantic Web. In this paper, presented an ontology-based framework that successfully combines both Semantic Web and XML technologies to enable the integrated access to biological data sources. The main goal is the seamless integration and application of these technologies in such a way that their deficiencies are over come and their utility maximized. Keywords: Health Care, Semantic Web, Ontology, XM

Renforcement des poutres FGM par des plaques FRP (Cas d’imperfection de la poutre)

This work presents a method for determining the elastic shear and peel stresses in an adhesive joint between a strengthening plate and functionally graded beam (FGB). The beam is assumed to be isotropic with a constant Poisson’s ratio and exponentially-varying elastic modulus through the beam thickness. The effect of physical imperfection was introduced through a coefficient α which tends to reduce the value of Young modulus of beam FG. An analytical solution is proposed on the basic beam theory; several numerical examples are presented and discussed emphasizing the effect of different parameter governing the evolution of the interface stress.  Keywords: Adhesive stress – FGB Beam – Strengthenin

Comportamiento de los protocolos de encaminamiento en redes manet (Mobile Ad Hoc Network)

The mobile Ad-Hoc networks or multiple jump networks are formed by radio links between nodes, without the need of central administration. In addition of working as final terminal, every node performs functions of bundles’ retransmission (routers) to extend communication up to destinations that are out of the coverage area. To achieve such goals, it requires a routing protocol that allows creating routes towards the destinations expected; these allow such network to be auto-configured and auto-organized eliminating the need of a predefined network infrastructure. Principally two types of protocols have been developed: reactive and proactive. In this article we study through simulation of discreet events using the networks simulatorns-2,to evaluate the behavior of different routing protocols, relative to the throughput, delivery and loss of bundles.Las redes móviles Ad-Hoc o redes de múltiple salto están formadas por enlaces de radio entre nodos, sin la necesidad de una administración central. Además de funcionar como terminal final, cada nodo realiza funciones de retransmisión de paquetes (enrutadores) para extender la comunicación hasta destinos que se encuentran fuera del área de cobertura. Para lograr tales fines, se requiere de un protocolo de encaminamiento que permita crear rutas hacia los destinos deseados, los cuales permiten que dicha red sea autoconfigurada y autorganizada eliminando la necesidad de una infraestructura de red predefinida. Se han desarrollado principalmente dos tipos de protocolos: reactivos y proactivos. En este artículo se hace un estudio mediante técnicas de simulación de eventos discretos usando el simulador de redes ns-2, para evaluar el comportamiento de diferentes protocolos de encaminamiento relativos al throughput, entrega y pérdida de paquetes

Comportamiento de los protocolos de encaminamiento en redes manet (Mobile Ad Hoc Network)

The mobile Ad-Hoc networks or multiple jump networks are formed by radio links between nodes, without the need of central administration. In addition of working as final terminal, every node performs functions of bundles’ retransmission (routers) to extend communication up to destinations that are out of the coverage area. To achieve such goals, it requires a routing protocol that allows creating routes towards the destinations expected; these allow such network to be auto-configured and auto-organized eliminating the need of a predefined network infrastructure. Principally two types of protocols have been developed: reactive and proactive. In this article we study through simulation of discreet events using the networks simulatorns-2,to evaluate the behavior of different routing protocols, relative to the throughput, delivery and loss of bundles.Las redes móviles Ad-Hoc o redes de múltiple salto están formadas por enlaces de radio entre nodos, sin la necesidad de una administración central. Además de funcionar como terminal final, cada nodo realiza funciones de retransmisión de paquetes (enrutadores) para extender la comunicación hasta destinos que se encuentran fuera del área de cobertura. Para lograr tales fines, se requiere de un protocolo de encaminamiento que permita crear rutas hacia los destinos deseados, los cuales permiten que dicha red sea autoconfigurada y autorganizada eliminando la necesidad de una infraestructura de red predefinida. Se han desarrollado principalmente dos tipos de protocolos: reactivos y proactivos. En este artículo se hace un estudio mediante técnicas de simulación de eventos discretos usando el simulador de redes ns-2, para evaluar el comportamiento de diferentes protocolos de encaminamiento relativos al throughput, entrega y pérdida de paquetes

Genetic distance and heterogenecity between quasispecies is a critical predictor to IFN response in Egyptian patients with HCV genotype-4

BACKGROUND: HCV is one of the major health problems in Egypt, where it is highly prevalent. Genotype 4 is the most common genotype of HCV and its response to treatment is still a controversy. METHODS: HCV genotype 4 quasispecies diversity within the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) was studied in a series of 22 native Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus with no previous treatment who satisfied all NIH criteria for combined treatment of pegylated IFN and ribavirine and was correlated with the outcome of treatment. The study also included 7 control patients with no antiviral treatment. HCV sequencing was done using the TRUGENE HCV 5-NC genotyping kit. RESULTS: At the 48(th )week of treatment, 15 patients (68%) showed virological response. Whereas HCV-RNA was still detected in 7 patients (32%) in this period; of those, 6 experienced a partial virological response followed by viral breakthrough during treatment. Only one patient did not show any virological or chemical response. The four females included in this study were all responders. There was a significant correlation between the response rate and lower fibrosis (p = 0.026) as well as the total number of mutation spots (including all the insertions, deletions, transitions and transversions) (p = 0.007, p = 0.035). CONCLUSION: Patients who responded to interferon treatment had statistically significant less number in both transitions (p = 0.007) and the genetic distances between the quasispecies (p = 0.035). So, viral genetic complexity and variability may play a role in the response to IFN treatment. The consensus alignment of all three groups revealed no characteristic pattern among the three groups. However, the G to A transitions at 160 was observed among non responders who need further study to confirm this observation

Convection naturelle au sein d'une cavité carrée munie d'une source chauffante placée sur sa paroi inférieure

La convection thermique au sein des espaces confinés est devenue, ces dernière années, un sujet d'investigation d'une grande importance, vue sa présence dans différentes applications industrielles telles que le refroidissement des composantes électroniques, les réacteurs nucléaire ainsi les pertes thermiques dans les collecteurs solaires. La présente étude traite de l'analyse numérique de la convection naturelle laminaire au sein d'une cavité carrée dont les parois latérales (en d'autre terme, verticales) sont maintenues à une température constante (froide) alors que les parois horizontales sont isolées thermiquement, à l'exception d'une fraction occupant 20% à 80% de la surface inférieure de l'enceinte et centrée par rapport à celle-ci, qui est maintenue à une température constante et uniforme, supérieure à celle des parois latérales (chaude) et ce, grâce à une source de chaleur placée en contact de cette paroi. La résolution des équations régissant l'écoulement et le transfert thermique est approchée par la méthode des volumes finis, avec des volumes de contrôle quadrilatéraux et un mallaige uniforme. L'algorithme SIMPLER est adopté pour traiter le couplage vitesse-pression et par conséquent, les champs de vitesse et de température. L'étude se focalise sur l'influence occasionnée par les variations du nombre de Rayleigh et de la longueur de la fraction chauffée, sur la structure de l'écoulement et du transfert thermique au sein de la cavité remplie entièrement d'un fluide newtonien incompressible. Les résultats obtenus montrent, entre autres, que le transfert thermique s'intensifie suite à l'augmentation du nombre de Rayleigh et de la longueur de la fraction chauffée de la aproi inférieure et ce, suite à l'augmentation de la surface d'échange entre cette fraction chauffée et le fluide

Editorial: Methods and application in cardiovascular and smooth muscle pharmacology: 2021

Despite significant advances in basic, translational, and clinical research tackling heart disease, cardiovascular pathologies remain among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, being responsible for one-third of global deaths as estimated by the WHO (Organization, 2021). The complexity of risk factors and pathways underlying the development of cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) limits the efficacy of a given therapeutic intervention and necessitates combined pharmacological approaches, as well as lifestyle modification to provide a reasonable health impact (Arnett et al., 2019). Be that as it may, there remains a considerable room for scientific inquiry in pursuit of novel and more refined avenues to prevent, diagnose, mitigate, and reverse different forms of cardiovascular ailment, as well as optimize patient management. Indeed, such a need for research in this field was even further emphasized as the world faced heightened health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic with cardiovascular complications being among the most serious consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Wehbe et al., 2020)

Academic Use of Smartphones in Secondary Level Education in Bangladesh: A Non-Parametric Approach

This study aims to examine the use of smartphones for educational purposes and the acceptance of online learning among secondary students. To investigate the academic utilization of smartphones among secondary students in Bangladesh, a sample of 384 students from different districts of Bangladesh were surveyed. The survey was conducted using a selfadministered, semi-tailored computerized questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 26 and the Mann-Whitney U test. The findings indicate that male students used smartphones for educational purposes with greater confidence and less difficulty than female students. On the other hand, students in 8th to 10th grade classrooms reported a greater willingness to use smartphones for academic purposes, with urban students being more enthusiastic than their rural peers. The study’s findings have implications for the government, policymakers, educators, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). They highlight the importance of ensuring equal access to resources and tools that support academic success, as well as addressing the adverse effects of excessive smartphone usage. In addition, the government and NGOs should prioritize the elimination of inequities between rural and urban areas and provide subsidies to rural students