Étude de la Sensibilité Aux Huiles Essentielles de Cinnamomum Verum, Eucalyptus Globulus, et Glycyrrhiza Glabra L Ainsi qu’aux Antibiotiques de Certains Germes Issus de la Restauration Collective

Food safety is still a very important topic of interest. The use of medicinal plants extracts can be an efficient alternative for fighting food-borne infections in the face of the increase of resistance to antibiotics. We have studied the sensitivity of bacterial strains isolated from food outlets using commonly used antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Vancomycin, Ceftriaxone, Teicoplanin, Rifampicin and Amikacin). This was done using an antibiogram. We have also tested their sensitivity against essential oils extracted from medicinal plants (Cinnamomum verum, Eucalyptus globulus, and Glycyrrhiza glabra L) using aromatogram. This study was conducted using 27 bacterial strains, including 9 Escherichia coli strains, 9 Staphylococcus aureus strains, 9 Salmonella spp. strains, and 3 ATCC strains (E. coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 et Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028). Results revealed that two plant extracts has a substantial antibacterial activity with zones of inhibition ranging from 10 to 25 mm, and it reached 35 mm when using a cocktail of plant extracts. Regarding the antibiotics we used, all strains of Salmonella spp. demonstrated a resistance to amoxicillin and to ceftriaxone. The tested strains of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus had a partial resistance to the tested antibiotics, which confirms the results of previous studies

Aspects épidémiologiques et cliniques de l’infection à Helicobacter pylori à travers une étude marocaine

Introduction : Helicobacter pylori est responsable de multiples pathologies gastroduodénales telles que la gastrite, l’ulcère et l’adénocarcinome gastrique. Dans les pays en voie de développement, l’infection à H.pylori constitue un problème de santé publique. Le but de cette étude marocaine est de déterminer la prévalence de l’infection à H.pylori et d’étudier l’impact des différents facteurs épidémiologiques ainsi que les principales maladies gastriques associées à cette infection. Patients et méthodes : Les renseignements cliniques et sociodémographiques ont été recueillis à partir de 837 dossiers de patients archivés (1998-2011) à l’Institut Pasteur du Maroc et dans un centre médical de gastroentérologie à Casablanca. Tous les patients avaient bénéficié d’une fibroscopie et le diagnostic a été fait par un examen histologique. Résultats : 837 patients ont été compulsés (âge moyen: 44 ±12,4 ans). La prévalence de l’infection à H.pylori est de 69,2 %. Ce taux semble après une analyse statistique, lié significativement à l’âge. En effet, l’infection est plus importante (80,2 %) dans le groupe d’âge 31-40 ans. Par contre le sexe ne présente aucun effet sur la prévalence de l’infection qui est surtout associée aux gastrites chroniques (91,8 %). De plus, 35,5 % de patients souffrant de cette pathologie appartenaient à la même tranche d’âge 31-40 ans. Conclusion : Il est à noter que dans notre étude, le groupe d’âge 31 à 40 ans présentait la plus forte prévalence de H. pylori et le taux le plus élevé de gastrites. Il constituerait ainsi un terrain à risque pour la survenue d’un cancer gastrique.Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of most gastroduodenal diseases as gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric adenocarcinoma. In developing countries, it appears as a major public health concern. The goals of this Moroccan study were to assess the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, epidemiological factors and gastroduodenal diseases associated with this infection. Patients and methods: Clinical and sociodemographic informations (age and sex) were collected from 837 archived patient’s files (1998-2011) found at the Institute Pasteur in Morocco; based at the Health centre of gastroenterology in Casablanca; the diagnosis was based on histology. Results: 837 patients were included (mean age: 44 ± 12.4 years). The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 69.2%. The difference of prevalence between the age group 31 to 40 years (80.2%) and other age groups was statistically significant. Moreover, the gender had no significant correlation. In 91.8%, the infection was associated with chronic gastritis. In addition, 35.5% of patients with chronic gastritis were between 31 and 40 years old. Conclusion: During the study, we noticed that the 31-40 years age group revealed the strongest prevalence of H. pylori and the most well brought up rate of gastritis. Besides, those patients are the most exposed to gastric cancers

La Modélisation moléculaire, un outil de laboratoire précieux

La modélisation moléculaire a connu un essor prodigieux ces deux dernières décennies. Elle s’avère être un outil de choix en chimie, biologie, protéomique et plus généralement en Bio Informatique. Elle permet de déterminer les structures des molécules chimiques, biologiques, de prédire les conformations, d’anticiper les interactions enzymeÊ/substrat et protéine/récepteur, et d’étudier des chemins conformationnels liés à l’activité des macromolécules complexes. Autant d’informations qui permettent en chimie pharmaceutique, par exemple, d’orienter les voies de synthèse d’un produit actif ou encore de s’affranchir d’expériences souvent lourdes et coûteuses en biologie moléculaire. Les programmes de modélisation moléculaire peuvent utiliser des données issues des techniques expérimentales de type RX et RMN pour résoudre la structure 3D des biomolécules indispensable dans l’étude de structure/activité.Au Maroc, la modélisation moléculaire n’en est qu’à ses débuts, avec la mise en place de nouvelles unités en chimie et en biologie équipées en matériel informatique adéquat

Etude theorique et modelisation du changement conformationnel d'une marcormolecule biologique: la citrate synthase

SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : T 83932 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Retracted: The automatic method of scorpion milking with specific voltage for safe collecting venom

This article was withdrawn and retracted by the Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences and has been removed from AJOL at the request of the journal Editor in Chief and the organisers of the conference at which the articles were presented (www.iccmit.net). Please address any queries to [email protected]

Virtual Screening in Hepatitis B Virus Drug Discovery: Current Stateof- the-Art and Future Perspectives

International audienceHepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a major global health burden. Interferon alpha and nucleos(t)ide analogues are currently the standard-of-care for chronic HBV infection. However, these antiviral agents have limited efficacy and do not result in a sustained virological response in the majority of infected patients. Virtual Screening (VS) strategies have now a strong impact on drug discovery, the strength of this research field has been corroborated by recent contributions in the development of novel drug candidates which are in clinical trials or which are already available in the clinics. In this context, different VS strategies have been applied to HBV in order to discover novel inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the VS efforts to identify and design novel HBV interventions. We believe that the combination of in silico and in vitro tools can lead to faster validation of novel drug targets which could accelerate the HBV drug discovery and development efforts

In Silico Analysis of High-Risk Missense Variants in Human ACE2 Gene and Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus uses for entry to human host cells a SARS-CoV receptor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin II into angiotensin (1-7). To understand the effect of ACE2 missense variants on protein structure, stability, and function, various bioinformatics tools were used including SIFT, PANTHER, PROVEAN, PolyPhen2.0, I. Mutant Suite, MUpro, SWISS-MODEL, Project HOPE, ModPred, QMEAN, ConSurf, and STRING. All twelve ACE2 nsSNPs were analyzed. Six ACE2 high-risk pathogenic nsSNPs (D427Y, R514G, R708W, R710C, R716C, and R768W) were found to be the most damaging by at least six software tools (cumulative score between 6 and 7) and exert deleterious effect on the ACE2 protein structure and likely function. Additionally, they revealed high conservation, less stability, and having a role in posttranslation modifications such a proteolytic cleavage or ADP-ribosylation. This in silico analysis provides information about functional nucleotide variants that have an impact on the ACE2 protein structure and function and therefore susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2