High Economic Values from High Peaks of the West

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Internalizing Externalities when there are Significant Private Non-Market Rents

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

January 2008 Economic development report, no. 3

January 2008.Includes bibliographical references

Determinants of Agricultural Landowners’ Willingness to Supply Open Space Through Conservation Easements

Open space provides a range of benefits to many people of a community, beyond the benefits that accrue to private landowners. Parks and natural areas can be used for recreation; wetlands and forests supply storm-water drainage and wildlife habitat; farms and forests provide aesthetic benefits to surrounding residents. Moreover, undeveloped land can give relief from congestion. Agricultural lands are an important source of open space, but many of these lands are under great development pressure. One tool that is currently being used to aid in the preservation of open space by landowners is conservation easements. The rate of land protection by state and local land trusts has tripled since the beginning of the decade, and the West is the fastest growing region for both the number of acres under conservation easements and number of land trusts according to the Land Trust Alliance. Given the increased demand for amenities provided by private agricultural lands and the increased use of conservation easements, it is interesting to note that there is a paucity of research related to landowners’ preferences regarding conservation easements. The specific research objective of this paper is to determine important factors affecting an agricultural landowners’ potential choice regarding the placement of a parcel of land under a conservation easement. Knowing these factors could be useful to communities, public organizations and land trusts trying to provide open space to meet a growing demand for this public good. Information to construct a survey was obtained through a series of focus groups held in Wyoming and Colorado. Results from these focus groups were then used to develop twelve versions of a stated choice survey instrument. The first part of the survey included questions about the landowner’s specific community. These Likert scale questions were to designed to elicit a measurement of the respondents’ “sense of place” regarding his or her community. The second part of the survey questioned participants about their land and their land’s attributes, including what the landowner felt his land was worth, types of production and non-production activities land was used for, the types of developmental pressures being felt by the landowner, and the kinds of amenities he would like to conserve on his property. The third section of the survey included questions about the landowner’s personal knowledge of easements and two stated choice questions regarding conservation easements. These stated choice questions focused on five attributes: contract length, managerial control, wildlife habitat, access and payment. The final section of the survey asked respondents about demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed as a multinomial logit random utility model in LIMDEP. Respondents preferred an easement that was in perpetuity over an easement that was term in length. Respondents were less likely to accept an easement if public access on their property was required. As payment proportion in relation to the respondents’ perception of the value of their land went up, so did the likelihood that they would accept the easement. Landowners in Colorado were more likely to accept an easement than landowners in Wyoming. This is somewhat expected as developmental pressures in Colorado are higher than Wyoming, and thus far more easements have been transacted in Colorado than in Wyoming. Years on the land and connection to community were significant in explaining the acceptance of an easement scenario. The more connected one was to their community, the more likely they were to accept an easement. The longer a respondent had lived on their land, the more likely they were to accept an easement as well. The level of education a respondent had achieved negatively impacted easement acceptance. If an easement was already in place on a respondents’ property, the likelihood of accepting an easement scenario increased significantly.Land Economics/Use,

EVOLVING CONSERVATION EASEMENT MARKETS IN THE WEST

Land Economics/Use,

Academic and clinical preparation in speech-language pathology and audiology: a global training consortium

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To describe a research-based global\ud curriculum in speech-language pathology and audiology that\ud is part of a funded cross-linguistic consortium among 2 U.S.\ud and 2 Brazilian universities.\ud Method: The need for a global curriculum in speechlanguage\ud pathology and audiology is outlined, and different\ud funding sources are identified to support development of a\ud global curriculum. The U.S. Department of Education’s Fund\ud for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education (FIPSE), in\ud conjunction with the Brazilian Ministry of Education (Fundacao\ud Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel\ud Superior; CAPES), funded the establishment of a shared\ud research curriculum project, “Consortium for Promoting\ud Cross-Linguistic Understanding of Communication Disabilities\ud in Children” for East Tennessee State University and the University of Northern Iowa and 2 Brazilian universities\ud (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria and Universidade de\ud São Paulo-Baurú).\ud Results: The goals and objectives of the research-based\ud global curriculum are summarized, and a description of an\ud Internet-based course, “Different Languages, One World,” is\ud provided\ud Conclusion: Partnerships such as the FIPSE–CAPES consortium\ud provide a foundation for training future generations of\ud globally and research-prepared practitioners in speechlanguage\ud pathology and audiology.U.S. Department of Education Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education P116M100014Brazilian Ministry of Education Fundacao Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior 094/1

Regulation of microvascular flow and metabolism: An overview

Skeletal muscle is an important site for insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. It is estimated that skeletal muscle is responsible for ~80% of insulin-mediated glucose disposal in the post-prandial period. The classical action of insulin to increase muscle glucose uptake involves insulin binding to insulin receptors on myocytes to stimulate glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation to the cell surface membrane, enhancing glucose uptake. However, an additional role of insulin that is often under-appreciated is its action to increase muscle perfusion thereby improving insulin and glucose delivery to myocytes. Either of these responses (myocyte and/or vascular) may be impaired in insulin resistance, and both impairments are apparent in type 2 diabetes, resulting in diminished glucose disposal by muscle. The aim of this review is to report on the growing body of literature suggesting that insulin-mediated control of skeletal muscle perfusion is an important regulator of muscle glucose uptake and that impairment of microvascular insulin action has important physiological consequences early in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. This work was discussed at the 2015 Australian Physiological Society Symposium “Physiological mechanisms controlling microvascular flow and muscle metabolism”

SISTEMAS DE PROPAGAÇÃO E CULTIVO DA CORTIÇA LISA NO ALTO VALE DO ITAJAÍ

A cortiça-lisa (Rollinia rugulosa) da família Annonaceae é uma das árvores nativas do Brasilque tem grande importância ecológica e potencial de exploração comercial. Atualmente,grande parte da população não tem o conhecimento sobre a existência dessa planta. Sãonecessárias pesquisas que contemplem a propagação eficiente dessa espécie devido ao fatodela estar sendo extinta do nosso ecossistema, apesar de seu potencial de produção econsumo. Além disso, constamos a pouca literatura existente com assuntos relacionados acultura. Com este trabalho pretendemos conhecer métodos mais adequados de produção demudas e verificar a qualidade dos frutos obtidos em acessos da região, identificando plantaspara propagação.O experimento foi conduzido no Instituto Federal Catarinense-Campus Riodo Sul, sendo a produção de mudas no setor de fruticultura e silvicultura e análise dequalidade de frutos no Laboratório de Pós-colheita do IFC, com a espécie de cortiça-lisaRollinia rugulosa. Forão coletadas frutos de acessos de plantas do IFC e região do Alto Vale,a partir de informações e dados coletados de proprietários da região. As sementes foramretiradas dos frutos, lavadas e postas a secar a sombra por um dia. Após este processo, foramavaliados periodicamente a germinação das sementes e o crescimento das plantas.Foramavaliadas quantidade (a campo) e qualidade de frutos quanto a massa, rendimento de polpa,SST (ºbrix), acidez titulável (%), firmeza da polpa e acidez. As sementes obtidas de frutoscoletados foram semeadas e estão sendo avaliados a germinação e crescimento inicial dasmudas, cujos dados completos ainda não estão a disposição.Houve grande variabilidade dedados obtidos nas diferentes localidades (Tabela 1), indicando materiais promissores parautilização comercial, com elevado Brix em torno de 16 0 B e baixa acidez(6 %) em Taió eItuporanga principalmente. Além destes há outros fatores ainda a serem considerados,principalmente após a realização de análise estatística