Prevalence of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in patients with Parkinson Disease

INTRODUCTION[|]Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has presented as the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world. Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common non-demyelinizan neurologic disase and its incidence is steadily increasing in the world. Our study aims to analyze the prevalence of ultrasonography-proven NAFLD among the PD patients. [¤]METHODS[|]A retrospective chart review was performed to identify PD patients who had at least two visits in the Liver Clinic from January 2017 to May 2018. Thus, 124 consecutive patients (the mean age 74,2+-11,9years; 65 female) with PD was longitudinally screened for NAFLD which were diagnosed according to ultrasonographic criteria. Control subjects (65 subjects, mean age was 68+-3.4 years; 35 female) were selected from age-matched eldely subjects. Demographic and laboratory data, concurrent statin use and results of hepatobiliary ultrasonography were collected. Patients with history of chronic liver disase, liver transplant, past alcohol use or not enough data to stage NAFLD were excluded. Data analyzed using Pearson's chi-squared test with the Stata software.[¤]RESULTS[|]Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence was significantly lower in the PD group than in the age -matched control group (21% vs. 36%, P<0.05). In multiple logistic regression analyses using baseline factors, statin use (P=0.04) and elevated Hb A 1 C (P<0.001), baseline fasting glucose below than 100 mg/dL (P=0.03), and elevated ALT levels (P<0.001) were independently associated with NAFLD.[¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]While additional studies in large populations are needed to investigate the correlation between PD and NAFLD, further exploration of PD -related metabolic liver disease clinically appears warranted.[¤

Agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland in the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue associated with papillary carcinoma

WOS: 000455434800020PubMed: 30630576The thyroid is an endocrine gland composed of two lateral lobes connected by a strip of thyroid tissue called an isthmus. The thyroid gland is usually associated with extensive morphological variations and developmental anomalies. During the 4th intrauterine week, the thyroid gland begins to develop mainly from the invagination of the endodermal cells of the ventral floor of the primitive pharynx. One of the anomalies of the thyroid gland is the agenesis of the isthmus of the thyroid. It is a rare condition and very few cases have been reported in the literature. Another rare developmental abnormality is the presence of ectopic thyroid tissues, which are characterised by the presence of thyroid tissue in locations other than the anterolateral region of the second and fourth tracheal cartilages. Ectopic thyroid tissues are most commonly found in the lingual region but are also found in the other head/neck localisations as well. In this present case report, a 54-year-old female patient with the agenesis of the isthmus of the thyroid gland with accompanying tissues of multifocal and multicentric papillary thyroid carcinoma will be discussed. When an agenesis of the isthmus of the thyroid is detected, the agenesis of the thyroid lobes or the presence of an ectopic thyroid tissue must be considered. Especially in the patients who will undergo a thyroid surgery, it should not be forgotten that the identification of an agenesis of the isthmus as well as the other thyroid anomalies during the preoperative examination, will make a remarkable contribution in deciding the strategy of the surgery and will help in preventing the development of surgical complications. However, it is not always possible to detect the presence of these anomalies, during the preoperative examinations of the patients who will undergo thyroid surgeries; therefore, one must be careful with regard to these type of anomalies in the perioperative examinations. To the best of authors' information, the present case is considered to be the first in the literature in English, presenting with an agenesis of the isthmus of the thyroid gland in the presence of ectopic thyroid tissues associated with papillary carcinoma

High-dose botulinum toxin in chronic anal fissure treatment: Short term results

Aim: Botulinum toxin (BT) injection into the internal anal sphincter is gaining popularity as a second line therapy for chronic anal fissures if medical therapy fails. There is no consensus on BT dosing to be used in chronic anal fissure (CAF) treatment. The aim of our study is to research the complication of high-dose BT in CAF treatment and its treatment effectiveness.Material and Methods: The data of 19 patients who underwent BT injection for CAF treatment between the years of 2014 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics of the patients, complications observed due to BT injection, healing and recurrence cases were recorded.Results: Nineteen patients who underwent 90 IU BT treatment followed for an average of 9.4 (min 3- max 46) months, It was observed that anal fissure was completely healed in 16 (84.2%) but no improvement was observed in 3 (15.8%). One of the recovered 16 patients was found to have recurrent anal fissure on the 5th month. In the patients who had BT, it was observed that 2 of the patients (%10.5) had abdominal pain in the first day requiring analgesic use, 2 of the patients (%10.5) had abdominal bloating (gas) which healed itself spontaneously within approximately one week, 2 (%10.5) of the patients had redness on the injection area on the first day and 3 (%15.8) of the patients had gas incontinence which healed itself spontaneously within approximately 2 weeks.Conclusion: High-dose BT injection can be safely performed with low complication, high recovery rate and low recurrence rate. Prospective studies in larger series of patients are needed to obtain clearer results

The value of plasma SCUBE1 and oxidative stress parameters in the early diagnosis of acute ovarian torsion

Tokgoz, Vehbi Yavuz/0000-0002-4113-385XWOS: 000472479100009PubMed: 31223027AIM: The purpose of our study was to determine the diagnostic value of plasma SCUBE1, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant status (TAS) investigated on the 4th hour of ovarian torsion, and at the same time to determine the relation between these markers and histopathological damage occurring in the ovary. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen rats were included, eight in the torsion group and eight in the control group. The right ovaries of the rats in the torsion group were rotated clockwise 720 degrees, after which they were fi xed and attached to the abdominal wall. The abdominal walls of the control group rats were opened for 1 min and then closed. Relaparotomy was performed 4 h after surgery in both groups, blood specimens were collected for biochemical analyses, and the right ovaries were surgically extracted. RESULTS: No statistically signifi cant difference was determined in the control and torsion groups' plasma SCUBE1, SOD and TAS values (p = 0.987, p = 0.33, and p = 0.244, respectively). Torsion group plasma MDA values were signifi cantly higher than those of the control group (p = 0.039). At histopathological evaluation, histological score, apoptotic index and Caspase-3 index values of the torsion group were signifi cantly higher compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Plasma SCUBE1 is not useful in the early diagnosis of ovarian torsion. Similarly, use of the oxidative stress markers SOD and TAS does not appear useful in early diagnosis, although MDA may be considered for that purpose (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 23). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Scientific Research Committee of Giresun University [100517-125]The study was supported by the Scientific Research Committee of Giresun University (100517-125)

A new approach to prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model: remote ischemic conditioning

sipahi, mehmet/0000-0001-8344-9863WOS: 000468754900021PubMed: 30980277Purpose To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model. Methods A total of 36 Wistar albino rats with a body weight of 220-250 g were used for this study. Right adnexal torsion was performed for 180 min, and at the end of the period, the adnex was released and the abdomen was reclosed for 180 min for reperfusion. Torsion and detorsion procedures were applied to all rats except group 1 (sham, control). The right lower extremity was tied to perform remote tissue ischemia in groups 3, 4, 5, and 6. The goal of the procedure, which was purplish discoloration and pulselessness of the extremity, was maintained. After 5 min of ischemia, reperfusion was achieved for 5 min. Repeating this procedure 3 times was defined as hypoxia attacks (RIC). Retrieved ovaries were examined for tissue injury with biochemical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical analysis. Results Unlike the control group, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in group 2 (only I/R [ischemia/reperfusion]). In groups 3 (I/R + RIC), 4 (I/R + RIC), 5 (I/R + RIC), and 6 (I/R + RIC), edema and inflammatory cell infiltration were not observed. However, vascular congestion and hemorrhage that were detected in these groups were higher than in group 1 (Control) and less than in group 2 (I/R). The Caspase-3 Index was found to be increased in all groups compared to group 1 (P < .001). However, the increase in the RIC-performed groups was significantly less than in group 2. The apoptotic index, which was determined by the TUNEL, was also found to be increased in all groups compared to group 1 (P < .001). When the comparison was made in relation to group 2, the decrease of AI in RIC-performed groups was statistically significant, except the decrease in group 6 (P = .29). Conclusions It is not clinically conceivable to prepare the tissue for pre-ischemia in ovarian torsion. However, the RIC application, which will be initiated if torsion is suspected when arrangements are made for surgery, might be a simple, effective, and inexpensive approach to prevent I/R injury in the clinic.Giresun University BAP Committee [SAG-BAP-A-160317-87]The study was supported by the Giresun University BAP Committee (SAG-BAP-A-160317-87)

Synchronous Primary Adenocarcinoma and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in the Stomach

Gastrointestinal stromal tümörler (GİST) ve adenokanserler farklı hücre tiplerinden köken alan birbirinden farklı neoplasm tipleridir. Midede GİST ve adenokanser birlikteliği oldukça nadirdir ve literatürde sadece olgu sunumları şeklindedir. Olgumuzda 76 yaşında senkron mide tümörü olan kadın hastayı sunduk ve senkron mide tümörlerini irdelemeyi amaçladık. (The Me­di­cal Bul­le­tin of Ha­se­ki 2014; 52: 50-2

Effect of infliximab on acute hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

WOS: 000371013200179PubMed: 26885068This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of infliximab (IFX) against liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. A total of 30 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham, I/R, and I/R+IFX. IFX was given at a dose of 3 mg/kg for three days before I/R. Rat livers were subjected to 60 min of ischemia followed by 90 h of reperfusion. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), TNF-alpha, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were measured in the serum. The liver was removed to evaluate the histopathologic changes. The I/R group had a significant increase in AST, ALT, MDA, and TNF-alpha levels, and a decrease in GSH-Px activity compared with the sham group. The use of IFX significantly reduced the ALT, AST, MDA and TNF-alpha levels and significantly increased GSH-Px activity. IFX attenuated the histopathologic changes. IFX has a protective effect on liver I/R injury. This liver protective effect may be related to antioxidant and anti-TNF-alpha effects. We propose that, for the relief of liver injury subsequent to transplantation, liver resection, trauma, and shock, tentative treatments can be incorporated with IFX, which is already approved for clinical use

Changes In The Frequencies Of Abdominal Wall Hernias And The Preferences For Their Repair: A Multicenter National Study From Turkey

Abdominal wall hernias are a common problem in the general population. A Western estimate reveals that the lifetime risk of developing a hernia is about 2%.– As a result, hernia repairs likely comprise the most frequent general surgery operations. More than 20 million hernias are estimated to be repaired every year around the world. Numerous repair techniques have been described to date however tension-free mesh repairs are widely used today because of their low hernia recurrence rates. Nevertheless, there are some ongoing debates regarding the ideal approach (open or laparoscopic),, the ideal anesthesia (general, local, or regional),, and the ideal mesh (standard polypropylene or newer meshes).,PubMedWoSScopu