A sharper view of the outer Galaxy at 1420 and 408 MHz from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey II: The catalogue of extended radio sources

A new catalogue of extended radio sources has been prepared based on arcminute-resolution 1420 MHz images from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey (CGPS). The new catalogue provides both 1420 MHz and 408 MHz flux density measurements on sources found near the Galactic plane in the second quadrant of our Galaxy. In addition cross-identifications are made with other major radio catalogues and information is provided to facilitate the recovery of CGPS image data associated with each catalogued source. Numerous new radio sources are identified and the catalogue provides a comprehensive summary of both newly discovered and previously known HII regions and supernova remnants in the outer Galaxy. The catalogue should be of use both for synoptic studies of Galactic structure and for placing higher resolution observations, at radio and other wavelengths, in context.Comment: accepted for publication in MNRAS, 8 pages, 6 figure

A sharper view of the outer Galaxy at 1420 and 408 MHz from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey - I. Revisiting the KR catalogue and new Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum Sources

Arcminute-resolution radio continuum images at 408 and 1420 MHz from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey (CGPS) have been used to reexamine radio sources listed in the Kallas and Reich (1980) catalogue. This catalogue is of particular interest to Galactic studies as it lists both extended and compact radio sources found in the second Galactic quadrant. We have determined the nature (extended vs. compact, Galactic vs. extragalactic) of all of these bright radio sources. A number of large HII regions with no optical counterparts are highlighted along with a sample of large radio galaxies. Many sources previously thought to be extended Galactic objects are shown to be point sources. A sample of point sources with flat or rising spectra between 408 and 1420 MHz has been compiled, and within this sample likely Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum sources have been identified.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure

IRAS03063+5735: A Bowshock Nebula Powered by an Early B Star

Mid-infrared images from the Spitzer Space Telescope Galactic Legacy Infrared MidPlane Survey Extraordinaire program reveal that the infrared source IRAS 03063+5735 is a bowshock nebula produced by an early B star, 2MASS 03101044+5747035. We present new optical spectra of this star, classify it as a B1.5 V, and determine a probable association with a molecular cloud complex at V_LSR=-38 -- -42 km/s in the outer Galaxy near l=140.59 degr, b=-0.250 degr. On the basis of spectroscopic parallax, we estimate a distance of 4.0 +/-1 kpc to both the bowshock nebula and the molecular complex. One plausible scenario is that this a high-velocity runaway star impinging upon a molecular cloud. We identify the HII region and stellar cluster associated with IRAS 03064+5638 at a projected distance of 64 pc as one plausible birth site. The spectrophotometric distance and linkage to a molecular feature provides another piece of data helping to secure the ill-determined rotation curve in the outer Galaxy. As a by-product of spectral typing this star, we present empirical spectral diagnostic diagrams suitable for approximate spectral classification of O and B stars using He lines in the little-used yellow-red portion of the optical spectrum.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journa

A design of experiments approach for the optimisation of energy and waste during the production of parts manufactured by 3D printing

Direct digital manufacture and additive manufacture has expanded from rapid prototyping into rapid production and has the possibility to produce personalised high quality products with the batch size of one. Affordable additive manufacturing machines and open source software enables a wide spectrum of users. With a populace empowered with the possibility of producing their own products, this disruptive technology will inevitably lead to a change in energy and material consumption. With such an unpredictable impact on society it is timely to consider the economic and environmental issues of growth in this sector. This work demonstrates a Design of Experiments approach for part optimisation with a consideration of scrap weight, part weight, energy consumption and production time. The main conclusion of this study was that through optimisation of machine build parameters a desired response is possible and compromises between output responses such as scrap and production time can be identified. The research also showed that identical build parameters for different designs can yield different output responses, highlighting the importance of developing design specific models. The scientific value of the work lies in the contribution of new data sets for models in additive manufacturing. Together with the optimisation method adopted, the results allow for a more detailed and accurate assessment of the economic and environmental impact of 3D printed products at the design stage