57 research outputs found
Seismic Anisotropy of Temperate Ice in Polar Ice Sheets
We present a series of simple shear numerical simulations of dynamic recrystallization of twoâphase nonlinear viscous materials that represent temperate ice. First, we investigate the effect of the presence of water on the resulting microstructures and, second, how water influences on P wave (Vp) and fast S wave (Vs) velocities. Regardless the water percentage, all simulations evolve from a random fabric to a vertical single maximum. For a purely solid aggregate, the highest Vp quickly aligns with the maximum câaxis orientation. At the same time, the maximum câaxis development reduces Vs in this orientation. When water is present, the developed maximum câaxis orientation is less intense, which results in lower Vp and Vs. At high percentage of water, Vp does not align with the maximum câaxis orientation. If the bulk modulus of ice is assumed for the water phase (i.e., implying that water is at high pressure), we find a remarkable decrease of Vs while Vp remains close to the value for purely solid ice. These results suggest that the decrease in Vs observed at the base of the ice sheets could be explained by the presence of water at elevated pressure, which would reside in isolated pockets at grain triple junctions. Under these conditions water would not favor sliding between ice grains. However, if we consider that deformation dominates over recrystallization, water pockets get continuously stretched, allowing water films to be located at grain boundaries. This configuration would modify and even overprint the maximum câaxisâdependent orientation and the magnitude of seismic anisotropy
The Intentional Use of Service Recovery Strategies to Influence Consumer Emotion, Cognition and Behaviour
Service recovery strategies have been identified as a critical factor in the success of. service organizations. This study develops a conceptual frame work to investigate how specific service recovery strategies influence the emotional, cognitive and negative behavioural responses of . consumers., as well as how emotion and cognition influence negative behavior. Understanding the impact of specific service recovery strategies will allow service providers' to more deliberately and intentionally engage in strategies that result in positive organizational outcomes. This study was conducted using a 2 x 2 between-subjects quasi-experimental design. The results suggest that service recovery has a significant impact on emotion, cognition and negative behavior. Similarly, satisfaction, negative emotion and positive emotion all influence negative behavior but distributive justice has no effect
Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics
The characteristics of particulate filled thermoplastics are determined by four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions. The most important filler characteristics are particle size, size distribution, specific surface area and particle shape, while the main matrix property is stiffness. Segregation, aggregation and the orientation of anisotropic particles determine structure. Interfacial interactions lead to the formation of a stiff interphase considerably influencing properties. Interactions are changed by surface modification, which must be always system specific and selected according to its goal. Under the effect of external load inhomogeneous stress distribution develops around heterogeneities, which initiate local micromechanical deformation processes determining the macroscopic properties of the composites
Anarchy? Nope. Just Probability.
The yearly NCAA march madness tournament is one of the most difficult prediction problems, as a perfect bracket is effectively impossible. However, predicting the outcomes of each individual game is a much more surmountable challenge. In my project I use free in-season and tournament data from Kaggleâs march machine learning mania challenge and from public advanced stats websites in an attempt to assign a win probability to each possible matchup in the 2023 March Madness tournament, as well as probabilities of each team to advance for each round through a hierarchical model. I have built multiple predictive models and will compare them and examine what is driving their differences
Examining the Relationship between Teacher Beliefs, Prekindergartener's Self-Regulation and Classroom Quality: Informing Professional Development Programs
The purpose of this convergent parallel, mixed methods study was to examine and explore the relationship between subjective teacher beliefs, classroom quality, and pre-kindergartenerâs self-regulatory abilities within a publicly funded pre-kindergarten program. Teacher subjective beliefs (beliefs of classroom management, classroom practice, and beliefs of children) were studied operantly using Q-Methodology, in addition to, audio-recorded focus groups to explore the lived experience of teachers within the sample ( n = 20). Classroom quality was measured using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) and pre-kindergartenerâs self-regulatory abilities were studied using pre/post proxy items from the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment for Preschoolers, Second Edition (DECA-P2). A criterion sort was created to determine correlation between trainer, coach, and model teacher beliefs sorts and teacher belief sorts. Data were separately collected and analyzed prior to intercepting for interpretation with priority assigned to the quantitative data. Non-parametric testing was employed with ranked beliefs, CLASS, and DECA-P2 distribution-free data. The following corroborated QUANqual results emerged: a) studying subjective beliefs operantly using Q-methodology provides researchers the ability to determine different and similar pure associations with constructs, b) in classroom coaching and training influence teacher beliefs about classroom management, practice, and children, teachers believe developing studentâs social emotional competence, specifically, c) self-regulation is fundamental for pre-kindergarteners, teacher beliefs impact childrenâs self-regulatory growth, d) classroom quality is influenced by teacher beliefs regarding classroom management, specifically regard of student perspective, reviewing teacher beliefs operantly, e) studying beliefs operantly provides additional insights for coaches or trainers to specifically target constructs. This study recommends that future studies include a larger nationally based sample to explore and examine the relationship between teacher beliefs, classroom quality, and childrenâs ability to self-regulate. This study found that teachers beliefs, correlated with exemplars, effect the average change in self-regulatory abilities for prekindergaterners. The researcher recommends that future studies implement parametric testing with larger studies to determine the generalization of the effects
Deriving micro- to macro-scale seismic velocities from ice-core <i>c</i>Â axis orientations
One of the great challenges in glaciology is the ability to estimate the bulk
ice anisotropy in ice sheets and glaciers, which is needed to improve our
understanding of ice-sheet dynamics. We investigate the effect of crystal
anisotropy on seismic velocities in glacier ice and revisit the framework
which is based on fabric eigenvalues to derive approximate seismic velocities
by exploiting the assumed symmetry. In contrast to previous studies, we
calculate the seismic velocities using the exact c axis angles describing
the orientations of the crystal ensemble in an ice-core sample. We apply this
approach to fabric data sets from an alpine and a polar ice core. Our results
provide a quantitative evaluation of the earlier approximative eigenvalue
framework. For near-vertical incidence our results differ by up to
135âŻmâŻsâ1 for P-wave and 200âŻmâŻsâ1 for S-wave velocity compared to the
earlier framework (estimated 1âŻ% difference in average P-wave velocity at
the bedrock for the short alpine ice core). We quantify the influence of
shear-wave splitting at the bedrock as 45âŻmâŻsâ1 for the alpine ice
core and 59âŻmâŻsâ1 for the polar ice core. At non-vertical incidence we
obtain differences of up to 185âŻmâŻsâ1 for P-wave and 280âŻmâŻsâ1 for
S-wave velocities. Additionally, our findings highlight the variation in
seismic velocity at non-vertical incidence as a function of the horizontal
azimuth of the seismic plane, which can be significant for non-symmetric
orientation distributions and results in a strong azimuth-dependent
shear-wave splitting of max. 281âŻmâŻsâ1 at some depths. For a given
incidence angle and depth we estimated changes in phase velocity of almost
200âŻmâŻsâ1 for P wave and more than 200âŻmâŻsâ1 for
S wave and shear-wave splitting
under a rotating seismic plane. We assess for the first time the change in
seismic anisotropy that can be expected on a short spatial (vertical) scale
in a glacier due to strong variability in crystal-orientation fabric (±50âŻmâŻsâ1 per 10âŻcm). Our investigation of seismic anisotropy based
on ice-core data contributes to advancing the interpretation of seismic data,
with respect to extracting bulk information about crystal anisotropy, without
having to drill an ice core and with special regard to future applications
employing ultrasonic sounding
Investigating cold based summit glaciers through direct access to the glacier base: a case study constraining the maximum age of Chli Titlis glacier, Switzerland
Cold glaciers at the highest locations of the European Alps have been
investigated by drilling ice cores to retrieve their stratigraphic climate
records. Findings like the Oetztal ice man have demonstrated that small ice
bodies at summit locations of comparatively lower altitudes may also contain
old ice if locally frozen to the underlying bedrock. In this case,
constraining the maximum age of their lowermost ice part may help to identify
past periods with minimum ice extent in the Alps. However, with recent
warming and consequent glacier mass loss, these sites may not preserve their
unique climate information for much longer. Here we utilized an existing ice
cave at Chli Titlis (3030 m), central Switzerland, to perform a case study
for investigating the maximum age of cold-based summit glaciers in the Alps.
The cave offers direct access to the glacier stratigraphy without the
logistical effort required in ice core drilling. In addition, a pioneering
exploration had already demonstrated stagnant cold ice conditions at Chli
Titlis, albeit more than 25Â years ago. Our englacial temperature measurements
and the analysis of the isotopic and physical properties of ice blocks
sampled at three locations within the ice cave show that cold ice still
exists fairly unchanged today. State-of-the-art micro-radiocarbon analysis
constrains the maximum age of the ice at Chli Titlis to about 5000Â years
before present. By this means, the approach presented here will contribute to
a future systematic investigation of cold-based summit glaciers, also in the
Eastern Alps
Crystal orientation fabric variations in cold alpine ice
We present first results of high-resolution measurements of the crystal orientation fabric of an Alpine ice core. These are compared with other ice-core parameters, in particular climate proxies, to investigate the genesis of rapid fabric changes to environmental conditions
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