Estimating Sway Angle of Pendulum System Using Hybrid State Observer Incorporating Continuous and Discrete Sensing Signals

This paper presents the design of a hybrid state observer that estimates the sway angle in trolley systems with a pendulum, such as overhead cranes. In the system, sway angle signals detected by angular sensors are generally used for designing the anti-sway control of the pendulum or observing the pendulum state. By contrast, in this study, a linear state observer without sensors is applied to estimate the sway angle of the pendulum. The use of a standard asymptotic state observer leads to estimation error due to the system's nonlinearities and parametric errors. This paper proposes using a hybrid state observer design that combines discrete event sensing with a linear state observer. In the hybrid state observer, the estimation performance is improved by correcting the state of the system based on the discrete sway angle and angular velocity using discrete sensing. In addition, the parametric error of the pendulum length of the system is identified using the same hybrid setting. The effectiveness of the hybrid state observer and the parametric adaptation of the pendulum length are verified by conducting experiments using a downscaled prototype of a trolley system with a pendulum.publishedVersionPaid open acces

The sixth Painleve equation arising from D_4^{(1)} hierarchy

The sixth Painleve equation arises from a Drinfel'd-Sokolov hierarchy associated with the affine Lie algebra of type D_4 by similarity reduction.Comment: 14 page

Anionic ordering in Pb₂Ti₄O₉F₂ revisited by nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory

複合アニオン材料の構造決定における実験と計算の融合的アプローチ. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-10-31.A combination of 19F magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and density functional theory (DFT) were used to study the ordering of F atoms in Pb₂Ti₄O₉F₂. This analysis revealed that F atoms predominantly occupy two of the six available inequivalent sites in a ratio of 73 : 27. DFT-based calculations explained the preference of F occupation on these sites and quantitatively reproduced the experimental occupation ratio, independent of the choice of functional. We concluded that the Pb atom's 6s2 lone pair may play a role (∼0.1 eV per f.u.) in determining the majority and minority F occupation sites with partial density of states and crystal orbital Hamiltonian population analyses applied to the DFT wave functions

Anionic ordering in Pb₂Ti₄O₉F₂ revisited by nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory

複合アニオン材料の構造決定における実験と計算の融合的アプローチ. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-10-31.A combination of 19F magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and density functional theory (DFT) were used to study the ordering of F atoms in Pb₂Ti₄O₉F₂. This analysis revealed that F atoms predominantly occupy two of the six available inequivalent sites in a ratio of 73 : 27. DFT-based calculations explained the preference of F occupation on these sites and quantitatively reproduced the experimental occupation ratio, independent of the choice of functional. We concluded that the Pb atom's 6s2 lone pair may play a role (∼0.1 eV per f.u.) in determining the majority and minority F occupation sites with partial density of states and crystal orbital Hamiltonian population analyses applied to the DFT wave functions

Cardiosphere-derived exosomal microRNAs for myocardial repair in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy

Although cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) improve cardiac function and outcomes in patients with single ventricle physiology, little is known about their safety and therapeutic benefit in children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of CDCs in a porcine model of DCM and translate the preclinical results into this patient population. A swine model of DCM using intracoronary injection of microspheres created cardiac dysfunction. Forty pigs were randomized as preclinical validation of the delivery method and CDC doses, and CDC-secreted exosome (CDCex)–mediated cardiac repair was analyzed. A phase 1 safety cohort enrolled five pediatric patients with DCM and reduced ejection fraction to receive CDC infusion. The primary endpoint was to assess safety, and the secondary outcome measure was change in cardiac function. Improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis were noted in animals treated with CDCs compared with placebo. These functional benefits were mediated via CDCex that were highly enriched with proangiogenic and cardioprotective microRNAs (miRNAs), whereas isolated CDCex did not recapitulate these reparative effects. One-year follow-up of safety lead-in stage was completed with favorable profile and preliminary efficacy outcomes. Increased CDCex-derived miR-146a-5p expression was associated with the reduction in myocardial fibrosis via suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and transcripts. Collectively, intracoronary CDC administration is safe and improves cardiac function through CDCex in a porcine model of DCM. The safety lead-in results in patients provide a translational framework for further studies of randomized trials and CDCex-derived miRNAs as potential paracrine mediators underlying this therapeutic strategy

Structures of the wild-type MexAB–OprM tripartite pump reveal its complex formation and drug efflux mechanism

In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MexAB–OprM plays a central role in multidrug resistance by ejecting various drug compounds, which is one of the causes of serious nosocomial infections. Although the structures of the components of MexAB–OprM have been solved individually by X-ray crystallography, no structural information for fully assembled pumps from P. aeruginosa were previously available. In this study, we present the structure of wild-type MexAB–OprM in the presence or absence of drugs at near-atomic resolution. The structure reveals that OprM does not interact with MexB directly, and that it opens its periplasmic gate by forming a complex. Furthermore, we confirm the residues essential for complex formation and observed a movement of the drug entrance gate. Based on these results, we propose mechanisms for complex formation and drug efflux

Beam and SKS spectrometers at the K1.8 beam line

High-resolution spectrometers for both incident beams and scattered particles have been constructed at the K1.8 beam line of the Hadron Experimental Facility at J-PARC. A point-to-point optics is realized between the entrance and exit of QQDQQ magnets for the beam spectrometer. Fine-pitch wire chamber trackers and hodoscope counters are installed in the beam spectrometer to accept a high rate beam up to 107 Hz. The superconducting kaon spectrometer for scattered particles was transferred from KEK with modifications to the cryogenic system and detectors. A missing-mass resolution of 1.9 ± 0.1 MeV/c2 (FWHM) was achieved for the ∑ peaks of (π±, K+) reactions on a proton target in the first physics run of E19 in 2010

Selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α modulator K-877 efficiently activates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α pathway and improves lipid metabolism in mice

Aims/IntroductionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) is a therapeutic target for hyperlipidemia. K-877 is a new selective PPARα modulator (SPPARMα) that activates PPARα transcriptional activity. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of K-877 on lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo compared with those of classical PPARα agonists.Materials and MethodsTo compare the effects of K-877 on PPARα transcriptional activity with those of the classical PPARα agonists Wy14643 (Wy) and fenofibrate (Feno), the cell-based PPARα transactivation luciferase assay was carried out. WT and Ppara−/− mice were fed with a moderate-fat (MF) diet for 6 days, and methionine–choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks containing Feno or K-877.ResultsIn luciferase assays, K-877 activated PPARα transcriptional activity more efficiently than the classical PPARα agonists Feno and Wy. After being fed MF diet containing 0.001% K-877 or 0.2% Feno for 6 days, mice in the K-877 group showed significant increases in the expression of Ppara and its target genes, leading to marked reductions in plasma triglyceride levels compared with those observed in Feno-treated animals. These K-877 effects were blunted in Ppara−/− mice, confirming that K-877 activates PPARα. In further experiments, K-877 (0.00025%) and Feno (0.1%) equally improved the pathology of MCD diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with increased expression of hepatic fatty acid oxidation genes.ConclusionsThe present data show that K-877 is an attractive PPARα-modulating drug and can efficiently reduce plasma triglyceride levels, thereby alleviating the dysregulation of lipid metabolism