Goal sketching with activity diagrams

Goal orientation is acknowledged as an important paradigm in requirements engineering. The structure of a goal-responsibility model provides opportunities for appraising the intention of a development. Creating a suitable model under agile constraints (time, incompleteness and catching up after an initial burst of creativity) can be challenging. Here we propose a marriage of UML activity diagrams with goal sketching in order to facilitate the production of goal responsibility models under these constraints

Goal sketching: towards agile requirements engineering

This paper describes a technique that can be used as part of a simple and practical agile method for requirements engineering. The technique can be used together with Agile Programming to develop software in internet time. We illustrate the technique and introduce lazy refinement, responsibility composition and context sketching. Goal sketching has been used in a number of real-world development projects, one of which is described here

Contributions of Vision to the Neuromotor Control and Biomechanics of Depth Jumping

PURPOSE: To investigate the role of vision during depth jump movements and further explore effects of stroboscopic goggles on the motor control of landing. METHODS: Ground reaction force (GRF), rate of force development (RFD), and lower limb surface electromyography measurements were collected on 20 participants (11 male 9 female) across 6 trials of depth jumping (0.51 m) in each of two visual conditions (full vision vs stroboscopic vision). Root-mean-square was estimated from EMG signals that were reduced to specific time-bins (150ms pre touchdown, 30-60ms, 60-85 ms, and 85-120 ms post touchdown). Main effects of and interactions between visual condition and trial number were assessed using repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Peak GRF was 6.4% greater in magnitude on average for DJs performed under condition of stroboscopic vision versus full vision (p = .042). There was a significant reduction in Tibialis Anterior activation during the 60-85ms medium latency response window, followed by a significant decrease in activation of the Vastus Lateralus during the 85-120 ms long latency response window. CONCLUSION: An influence of controlled visual disruption on depth jump movement performance was observed through altered landing mechanics and lower limb muscle activation patterns. This change presented as increased stiffness achieved before landing followed by larger peak ground reaction forces and subsequent altered muscular response post-landing

A practical approach to goal modelling for time-constrained projects

Goal modelling is a well known rigorous method for analysing problem rationale and developing requirements. Under the pressures typical of time-constrained projects its benefits are not accessible. This is because of the effort and time needed to create the graph and because reading the results can be difficult owing to the effects of crosscutting concerns. Here we introduce an adaptation of KAOS to meet the needs of rapid turn around and clarity. The main aim is to help the stakeholders gain an insight into the larger issues that might be overlooked if they make a premature start into implementation. The method emphasises the use of obstacles, accepts under-refined goals and has new methods for managing crosscutting concerns and strategic decision making. It is expected to be of value to agile as well as traditional processes

Recreation Initiatives in Higher Education

This paper describes three initiatives the University of North Georgia Department of Recreational Sports has put into action to support the university\u27s strategic goals with regard to student development, departmental collaborations and community engagement

Kinetics of rehalogenation bleaches

A study was made to determine if a correlation existed between the silver density at 318 nm and the actual amount of silver present in photographic film. Based on twenty (20) samples of bleached and unbleached film, a linear correlation was found, for specific film/ developer combinations, with a correlation coefficient in excess of 0.99. The above correlation was then used to evaluate the bleaching kinetics of several rehalogenation type bleaches. It was postulated that there is a charge barrier effect between the photographic gelatin and the positively charged oxidizing agent in the bleaches. This was caused by the pH of the bleach solutions being below the isoelectric point of the gelatin, giving the gelatin a net ill positive charge. This charge significantly affected the diffusion of the bleaches through the gelatin, and was observed as a decrease in bleach rate with time. Presoaking the films in either water or bromide solutions had no significant effect on the bleach rates. It was also shown that the addition of potassium bromide to the CuCl bleach greatly increased the bleach rate. This was partially due to the increased amount of negatively charged halide present and partially to the lower solubility product of silver bromide. These results were confirmed on two types of Eastman Kodak film, Fine Grain Positive (type 5302) and High Contrast Copy film (type 5069). 2 At bleach rates approaching .013 g/M /sec, the bleach reaction became diffusion limited and the highest observed bleach rate was .014 2 g/M /sec

GMO Products and the Food Industry: A Literature Review of Opinions and Behaviors by U.S. Restaurants

The health implications of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been the subject of considerable debate in the literature. One aspect of the debate is the apparent disconnect between what is reported in the scientific communities and what is reported in the general public. Specifically, it has been reported that while “Nearly 9 out of 10 scientists from the American Association for the Advancement of Science say GMOs are ‘generally safe’ to eat, more than half of the general public believe it is not a good idea.” This presents somewhat of a dilemma for companies, such as restaurants, who are involved in food distribution to the general public. That is, should restaurants continue to use GMO food products given assurances from the scientific community? Or, should they respond to consumer concerns by adopting at least some form of a non-GMO policy? The purpose of this review is to gain a conceptual understanding of what the food industry is saying and doing with regard to these questions. Preliminary results are explained and further research direction is given