Consumers\u27 Uses of Nutrient Content Claims and their Relationship with Health Orientation and Online Media Exposure and Attention

The purpose of this research is to explore consumers\u27 general uses of nutrient content claims on food packaging. In addition, the research looks at an individual\u27s self-reported health orientation, as well as their personal online media usage. This study used quantitative research to explore these factors. An online survey of the individuals who make personal health and food choices was conducted to better understand their reported uses of nutritional claims, as well as their lifestyle habits. Findings suggest that individuals do use nutrient content claims while looking at food packaging, and that this significantly relates to their health orientation and online media exposure and attention. More specifically, the more that individuals use claims, the more health oriented they will be. The information gathered in this research will help to improve understanding consumers\u27 methods while looking at nutrient content claims on food packaging, which have implications for understanding different elements of their personal health. This information will also provide food companies and marketers insight as to where consumers are online, and the ways that usage impacts consumers\u27 use nutrient content claims

Fluid model for a network operating under a fair bandwidth-sharing policy

We consider a model of Internet congestion control that represents the randomly varying number of flows present in a network where bandwidth is shared fairly between document transfers. We study critical fluid models obtained as formal limits under law of large numbers scalings when the average load on at least one resource is equal to its capacity. We establish convergence to equilibria for fluid models and identify the invariant manifold. The form of the invariant manifold gives insight into the phenomenon of entrainment whereby congestion at some resources may prevent other resources from working at their full capacity

Perceptual bias, more than age, impacts on eye movements during face processing

Consistent with the right hemispheric dominance for face processing, a left perceptual bias (LPB) is typically demonstrated by younger adults viewing faces and a left eye movement bias has also been revealed. Hemispheric asymmetry is predicted to reduce with age and older adults have demonstrated a weaker LPB, particularly when viewing time is restricted. What is currently unclear is whether age also weakens the left eye movement bias. Additionally, a right perceptual bias (RPB) for facial judgments has less frequently been demonstrated, but whether this is accompanied by a right eye movement bias has not been investigated. To address these issues older and younger adults’ eye movements and gender judgments of chimeric faces were recorded in two time conditions. Age did not significantly weaken the LPB or eye movement bias; both groups looked initially to the left side of the face and made more fixations when the gender judgment was based on the left side. A positive association was found between LPB and initial saccades in the freeview condition and with all eye movements (initial saccades, number and duration of fixations) when time was restricted. The accompanying eye movement bias revealed by LPB participants contrasted with RPB participants who demonstrated no eye movement bias in either time condition. Consequently, increased age is not clearly associated with weakened perceptual and eye movement biases. Instead an eye movement bias accompanies an LPB (particularly under restricted viewing time conditions) but not an RPB

Help-seeking, service use, and unmet health and mental health need among sexual minority youth: findings from Add Health, a national school-based study

Community and population-based studies show that non-heterosexual youth (i.e., sexual minority youth) are at significantly higher risk for an array of poor health and mental health outcomes in comparison to their heterosexual peers. These outcomes include acquiring sexually transmitted infections, becoming pregnant or fathering a pregnancy, anxiety, depression, suicidality, and suicide. In addition, sexual minority youth experience higher rates of verbal, physical and/or sexual victimization and are at greater risk for substance abuse and unsafe sexual activity (e.g., inconsistent use of condoms and multiple sexual partners), which may further increase the risk for poor health and mental health outcomes. This three-study dissertation presents findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a nationally representative school-based study. Data were taken from Wave I of Add Health, and consisted of a weighted sample of 18,924 youth in grades 7 - 12 with a subsample of 1,388 sexual minority youth. Study 1 used chi-square analyses to test group differences in unmet health and mental health need, foregone healthcare and barriers to healthcare, and service use setting by sexual minority status. Study 2 used logistic regression to test individual and family characteristics that predict unmet health and unmet mental health need among youth. Study 3 used multilevel logistic regression to test the impact of school-based mental health services and school location (over and above individual and family characteristics) on mental health service use. Results showed significantly higher rates of unmet health and mental health need among sexual minority youth, who reported more foregone healthcare and cited healthcare barriers related to confidentiality concerns. Sexual minority youth obtained mental healthcare most often at private doctor's offices and less often at school. Higher levels of parent connectedness significantly reduced the odds for an unmet health or mental health need among youth, regardless of sexual minority status. Similarly, regardless of sexual minority status, school-based mental health services significantly increased odds that youth with mental health need would obtain mental health services. Findings highlight the need to develop tailored interventions aimed at youth, parents, schools, and healthcare providers to promote access to services among sexual minority youth

Modelling the Risks Remotely Piloted Aircraft Pose to People on the Ground

Worldwide there is much e ort being directed towards the development of a framework of air- worthiness regulations for remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS). It is now broadly accepted that regulations should have a strong foundation in, and traceability to, the management of the safety risks. Existing risk models for RPAS operations do not provide a simple means for incorporating the wide range of technical and operational controls into the risk analysis and evaluation processes. This paper describes a new approach for modelling and evaluating the risks associated with RPAS operations near populous areas based on the barrier bow tie (BBT) model. A BBT model is used to structure the underlying risk management problem. The model focuses risk analysis, evaluation, and decision making activities on the devices, people, and processes that can be employed to reduce risk. The BBT model and a comprehensive set of example risk controls are presented. The general model can be applied to any RPAS operation. The foundations for quantitative and qualitative assessments using a BBT model are also presented. The modelling and evaluation framework is illustrated through its application to a case-study rotary wing RPAS for two operational scenarios. The model can be used as a basis for determining airworthiness certification requirements for RPAS

A Comparison of Arch Height Index Measures Between Collegiate Basketball and National Basketball Association Players

The rate of game related basketball injuries is 2xs greater in professionals than collegiate players and the most common injuries occur in the lower extremity. Arch mechanics are often cited as a related factor and the Arch Height Index Measurement System (AHIMS) is a reliable and valid system for quantifying mobility. However, normative or comparative values for basketball athletes have not been reported.https://ecommons.udayton.edu/dpt_symposium/1028/thumbnail.jp

Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1)-independent activation of the protein kinase C substrate, protein kinase D

Phosphoinoisitide dependent kinase l (PDK1) is proposed to phosphorylate a key threonine residue within the catalytic domain of the protein kinase C (PKC) superfamily that controls the stability and catalytic competence of these kinases. Hence, in PDK1-null embryonic stem cells intracellular levels of PKCalpha, PKCbeta1, PKCgamma, and PKCepsilon are strikingly reduced. Although PDK1-null cells have reduced endogenous PKC levels they are not completely devoid of PKCs and the integrity of downstream PKC effector pathways in the absence of PDK1 has not been determined. In the present report, the PDK1 requirement for controlling the phosphorylation and activity of a well characterised substrate for PKCs, the serine kinase protein kinase D, has been examined. The data show that in embryonic stem cells and thymocytes loss of PDK1 does not prevent PKC-mediated phosphorylation and activation of protein kinase D. These results reveal that loss of PDK1 does not functionally inactivate all PKC-mediated signal transduction