't Hooft suppression and holographic entropy

Recent works have related the bulk first law of black hole mechanics to the first law of entanglement in a dual CFT. These are first order relations, and receive corrections for finite changes. In particular, the latter is naively expected to be accurate only for small changes in the quantum state. But when Newton's constant is small relative to the AdS scale, the former holds to good approximation even for classical perturbations that contain many quanta. This suggests that -- for appropriate states -- corrections to the first law of entanglement are suppressed by powers of $N$ in CFTs whose correlators satisfy 't Hooft large-$N$ power counting. We take first steps toward verifying that this is so by studying the large-$N$ structure of the entropy of spatial regions for a class of CFT states motivated by those created from the vacuum by acting with real-time single-trace sources. We show that $1/N$ counting matches bulk predictions, though we require the effect of the source on the modular hamiltonian to be non-singular. The magnitude of our sources is $\epsilon N$ with $\epsilon$ fixed-but-small as $N\rightarrow \infty$. Our results also provide a perturbative derivation -- without relying on the replica trick -- of the subleading Faulkner-Lewkowycz-Maldacena correction to the Ryu-Takayagi and Hubeny-Rangamani-Takayanagi conjectures at all orders in $1/N$.Comment: 24 pages, no figures. v2: minor changes to agree with published versio

Message from the Dean

This issue is our first communication to alumni since the Dayton Educator was phased out in 2010. We can’t wait to make up for lost time and catch you up on some of the great recent developments in the School of Education and Health Sciences (SEHS). This issue brings you news regarding Fitz Hall, our new academic home on campus

Message from the Dean

This issue demonstrates the great range of learning and research programs within our School

Targeting aberrant kinase activity in myeloid leukaemias

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is the most common form of acute leukaemia in adults. Its treatment has remained largely unchanged for the past 30 years. Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) represents a tremendous success story in the era of targeted therapy but significant challenges remain including the development of drug resistance and disease persistence due to presence of CML stem cells. The Aurora family of kinases is essential for cell cycle regulation and their aberrant expression in cancer prompted the development of small molecules that selectively inhibit their activity. Chapter 2 of this thesis outlines the efficacy and mechanism of action of alisertib, a novel inhibitor of Aurora A kinase, in preclinical models of CML. Alisertib possessed equipotent activity against CML cells expressing unmutated and mutated forms of BCR-ABL. Notably, this agent retained high activity against the T315I and E255K BCR-ABL mutations, which confer the greatest degree of resistance to standard CML therapy. Chapter 3 explores the activity of alisertib in preclinical models of AML. Alisertib disrupted cell viability, diminished clonogenic survival, induced expression of the forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) targets p27 and BCL-2 interacting mediator (BIM), and triggered apoptosis. A link between Aurora A expression and sensitivity to ara-C was established. Chapter 4 outlines the role of the proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein (PIM) kinases in resistance to ara-C in AML. We report that the novel small molecule PIM kinase inhibitor SGI-1776 disrupted cell viability and induced apoptosis in AML. We establish a link between ara-C resistance and PIM over-expression. Finally, chapter 5 explores how the preclinical work outlined in this thesis may be translated into clinical studies that may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for patients with refractory myeloid leukaemia

Profiles in Probation Revocation: Examining the Legal Framework in 21 States

This report compiles—in a convenient format—the results of a yearlong research project on the laws relating to probation revocation in 21 American states. 2 By leafing through the four-page "legal profiles" presented in this volume, readers can easily see how much variation exists in statewide laws of probation and probation revocation, while zeroing in on issues of greatest interest. Whether a reader's jurisdiction is included in the report's 21 states or not, the legal profiles contain a wealth of information that will allow for comparison with one's own system. We think every reader—no matter how experienced in the field—will come across practices or ideas in this study that they never heard of before.The report assumes that American states have much to learn from one another. Justice Louis Brandeis famously believed that the states can serve as "laboratories" for innovations in law and policy, so that best practices can emerge and be brought to the attention of other states for possible adoption or adaptation. 3 In order for Brandeis's laboratory to be a reality, however, the states must have some way of learning about the practices of other jurisdictions. In an increasingly complex and specialized world, this is a daunting task—and one that often requires a heavy investment in research. The Robina Institute of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice has made such an investment in this report. We hope it will allow readers to see their home jurisdictions in new perspective, and will further the nationwide process of dialogue and improvement that Justice Brandeis envisioned.This introduction gives a short overview of why the subject matter is important and how the report fits within a larger Probation Revocation Project launched by the Robina Institute in 2013. The introduction will also discuss the ambitions, scope, limitations, and uses of the state legal profiles

Characteristics of Physiology and Physiology-Related Pre-Health Degree Programs in the Physiology Majors Interest Group

The Physiology Majors Interest Group (P-MIG), a grassroots organization of educators, has collected data on the history and characteristics of Physiology and highly related undergraduate programs (ex: Human Biology, Pre-Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, etc.) that serve a common population of prehealth students. Data was obtained as part of an online survey sent out to P-MIG conference attendees at the 2017-2019 annual meetings (n=30). Participating institutions indicate that 25.9% have degrees called Physiology aligned with 28% being housed in a department of physiology, 75.9% are a Bachelor of Science program, 34.9% are affiliated with a College of Arts and Sciences, and 80% have a human/integrative physiology emphasis. Further, 47.6% of programs are greater than 10 years old and 100% have seen either no change or an increase in enrollment over the past 5 years. Most programs have a dedicated advising staff (68.2%) and formalized learning objectives for the major (61.9%). 34.1% have a curriculum committee who oversees the major. Program sizes vary widely from less than 50 to over 2000 students. While there is diversity in departmental organization and management structure in the programs, a commonality is that all programs are preparing students with aspirations in careers in healthcare. We report the similarities and differences between these programs to allow for advisors to better understand the broad landscape of pre-health programs at the undergraduate level