Political interview

Paraphrasing, reading between the lines and objectivit

双方向長・短期記憶ニューラルネットワークを用いたティグリーニャ語の形態素分割と英語ティグリーニャ語機械翻訳への影響

国立大学法人長岡技術科学大

An Autoethnographic Reading of Djanet Sears’s The Adventures of a Black Girl in Search of God

Djanet Sears’s play The Adventures of a Black Girl in Search of God offers a generous opportunity for the careful contemplation of the intersections between Christianity, motherhood, and blackness in Canada—a topic hitherto unexamined in scholarship about Sears’s plays. The protagonist’s search for God is a personal exploration of self in relation to each of these topics; similarly, Naila Keleta-Mae draws from the analysis of self through the article’s incorporation of methodologies employed in autobiographical performance and autoethnographic research. Specifically, the author maps her examination of Sears’s play through her own body and experiences of Christianity, motherhood, and blackness in Canada. One of the key ways that this article seeks to differ itself from traditional Canadian scholarship is by foregrounding the explicit ways the scholar’s topic of inquiry intersects with her/his/their personal lived experience. To some extent, this article is about visibility and transparency—it is an effort to make equally visible the preoccupations of the scholar in her/his/their analysis of a subject matter—in this specific case it is the unambiguous articulation of why Keleta-Mae cares about Sears’s play.La pièce The Adventures of a Black Girl in Search of God de Djanet Sears nous invite généreusement à examiner les points de rencontre entre le christianisme, la maternité et la négritude au Canada, un sujet qui jusqu’ici n’a pas été étudié dans les recherches portant sur les pièces de Sears. Dans sa quête de Dieu, le personnage principal de cette pièce explore en elle-même chacune de ces facettes; de même, l’auteure de l’article, Naila Keleta-Mae, s’inspire de l’analyse du soi pour incorporer à sa contribution des méthodes employées dans la création de performances autobiographiques et dans la recherche autoethnographique. Keleta-Mae recense son examen de la pièce de Sears par l’intermédiaire de son propre corps et de ses expériences du christianisme, de la maternité et de la négritude au Canada. Elle cherche en outre dans cet article à se démarquer des recherches canadiennes traditionnelles en explicitant les façons dont son sujet d’enquête recoupe les expériences qu’elle a vécues. Dans une certaine mesure, l’article porte sur la visibilité et la transparence : il s’agit d’une tentative de rendre visibles les préoccupations de l’auteure à travers son analyse du sujet—dans ce cas-ci, elles sont de toute évidence ce qui porte Keleta-Mae à s’intéresser à la pièce de Sears

English-Tigrinya Intrasentential Code-switching on Tigrinya FM Radio Programs (TFRPs)

This  study  deals  with the linguistic analysis of Tigrinya-English(Tiglish) code-switching phenomenon: the case FM  Radio Programs  broadcasting  in  and  around  Mekelle. The  rationales,  which  triggered  the  researcher  to  conduct  such  a  research,  are  the  fact that  there  are  very  few  studies  in  Ethiopia,  no  research  in  Tigray  , and  the  researcher  was  experienced  with  switched Tigrinya  in  the  Tigrinya  FM  radio  programs  (TFRPs). The study aims mainly at exploring features of intrasentential code-switching on Tigrinya FM radio services (TFRSs). To  address  the  problems  and  achieve  the  objectives, qualitative methods were employed for gathering bits of information from the selected site FM radio  listeners  in  focus. Audio recording was used as basic tools to collect genuine information, and the bits of information were collected from bilingual TFRPs clients and the newscasters.There are bulks of code-switching occurrences on TFRPs more frequently from English and Amharic constituents; Tigrean code-switchers were engaging in code-switching incidences motivated by the sociocultural attractions. Key words: code-switching, intrasentential and Tigrinya FM Radio Program DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/67-02 Publication date: April 30th 202

Molecular interactions between parasite and mosquito during midgut invasion as targets to block malaria transmission

Despite considerable effort, malaria remains a major public health burden. Malaria is caused by five Plasmodium species and is transmitted to humans via the female Anopheles mosquito. The development of malaria vaccines against the liver and blood stages has been challenging. Therefore, malaria elimination strategies advocate integrated measures, including transmission-blocking approaches. Designing an effective transmission-blocking strategy relies on a sophisticated understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the interactions between the mosquito midgut molecules and the malaria parasite. Here we review recent advances in the biology of malaria transmission, focusing on molecular interactions between Plasmodium and Anopheles mosquito midgut proteins. We provide an overview of parasite and mosquito proteins that are either targets for drugs currently in clinical trials or candidates of promising transmission-blocking vaccines

Eldre pasientens opplevelse av delirium og sykepleieres utfordringer i møte med dem

Sammendrag Bakgrunn. En jevn økning innleggelse av eldre i Norge krever avansert kompetanse og mer helsepersonell kapasitet. Flere av disse pasientene er deliriøse og krever mer kompetanse og oppfølging. Mange undersøkelse viser at en deliriøs tilstand som ikke utredes og behandles har svært høy dødelighet, 25-50 % hos eldre pasienter (Dramsdahl, 2001, s. 8). Som sykepleiere har vi ansvar for å vurdere og dokumentere tilstanden og gjør det best for å hjelpe og forebygge pasientens tilstand tidlig. Hensikt Hensikt med denne oppgaven er å identifisere opplevelse av eldre deliriøse pasienter og sykepleiers utfordring for å forbygge, behandle og støtte delirisk pasienter som er innlagt på sykehuset. Metode Data grunnlaget er basert på foreliggende litteratur. Vi har brukt Fribergs metode for å analyse av fire artikler. Vi har sammenlignet disse med hverandre og identifiserte hovedfunnene i studien. Resultat Resultatene viser at eldre pasienter opplever frykt og følte seg redde når de var deliriske, virkelig og uvirkelighet opplevelse og behov for oppfølging etter delirium. Det viser også sykepleiers behov for mer kunnskap og ferdigheter. I tillegg identifiserte resultatene mangel på rutiner, mindre prioritering, arbeids belastning, påvirkning av sykehus kultur og sosial innflytelse, og behov for pasient og pårørende samtale etter delirium. Konklusjon Sykepleieres manglende kunnskap og ferdigheter er de faktorene som påvirket eldre pasienters opplevelse i løpet av sykehusopphold. For at eldre deliriske pasienter skal få den gode omsorgen og bedre pasientsikkerhet, må sykepleierne ha god samhandlingskompetanse, god kommunikasjonsferdighet, kunnskaper og ferdigheter i forhold til kartleggings verktøy samt; gode rutiner og samarbeid inne og utenfor sykehuset

Import Response And Inflationary Pressures In The New Economy: The Quantity Theory Of Money Revisited

Contending with the rationale for rate increases to counter inflationary pressures, this study revisits the quantity theory of money and the equation of exchange developed in the sixteenth century by the likes of John Locke, John Law, etc., and popularized over the years by economists, such as Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Irvin Fisher to predict the response of some variables, especially imports of goods and services, on the rate of inflation.  The vector autoregression (VAR) process was used to estimate the model.  Results show that import is significant in its impact in the reduction of the growth rate of CPI inflation, thereby dampening the weight of inflationary pressures on economic policy formulations. Because of present economic environment, coupled with author’s fulfilled seven-year prediction, the urgency of incorporating this into our economic policy determination cannot be overemphasized

Eldre pasientens opplevelse av delirium og sykepleieres utfordringer i møte med dem

Sammendrag Bakgrunn. En jevn økning innleggelse av eldre i Norge krever avansert kompetanse og mer helsepersonell kapasitet. Flere av disse pasientene er deliriøse og krever mer kompetanse og oppfølging. Mange undersøkelse viser at en deliriøs tilstand som ikke utredes og behandles har svært høy dødelighet, 25-50 % hos eldre pasienter (Dramsdahl, 2001, s. 8). Som sykepleiere har vi ansvar for å vurdere og dokumentere tilstanden og gjør det best for å hjelpe og forebygge pasientens tilstand tidlig. Hensikt Hensikt med denne oppgaven er å identifisere opplevelse av eldre deliriøse pasienter og sykepleiers utfordring for å forbygge, behandle og støtte delirisk pasienter som er innlagt på sykehuset. Metode Data grunnlaget er basert på foreliggende litteratur. Vi har brukt Fribergs metode for å analyse av fire artikler. Vi har sammenlignet disse med hverandre og identifiserte hovedfunnene i studien. Resultat Resultatene viser at eldre pasienter opplever frykt og følte seg redde når de var deliriske, virkelig og uvirkelighet opplevelse og behov for oppfølging etter delirium. Det viser også sykepleiers behov for mer kunnskap og ferdigheter. I tillegg identifiserte resultatene mangel på rutiner, mindre prioritering, arbeids belastning, påvirkning av sykehus kultur og sosial innflytelse, og behov for pasient og pårørende samtale etter delirium. Konklusjon Sykepleieres manglende kunnskap og ferdigheter er de faktorene som påvirket eldre pasienters opplevelse i løpet av sykehusopphold. For at eldre deliriske pasienter skal få den gode omsorgen og bedre pasientsikkerhet, må sykepleierne ha god samhandlingskompetanse, god kommunikasjonsferdighet, kunnskaper og ferdigheter i forhold til kartleggings verktøy samt; gode rutiner og samarbeid inne og utenfor sykehuset

Influenza A virus NS1 gene mutations F103L and M106I increase replication and virulence

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To understand the evolutionary steps required for a virus to become virulent in a new host, a human influenza A virus (IAV), A/Hong Kong/1/68(H3N2) (HK-wt), was adapted to increased virulence in the mouse. Among eleven mutations selected in the NS1 gene, two mutations F103L and M106I had been previously detected in the highly virulent human H5N1 isolate, A/HK/156/97, suggesting a role for these mutations in virulence in mice and humans.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To determine the selective advantage of these mutations, reverse genetics was used to rescue viruses containing each of the NS1 mouse adapted mutations into viruses possessing the HK-wt NS1 gene on the A/PR/8/34 genetic backbone. Both F103L and M106I NS1 mutations significantly enhanced growth <it>in vitro </it>(mouse and canine cells) and <it>in vivo </it>(BALB/c mouse lungs) as well as enhanced virulence in the mouse. Only the M106I NS1 mutation enhanced growth in human cells. Furthermore, these NS1 mutations enhanced early viral protein synthesis in MDCK cells and showed an increased ability to replicate in mouse interferon β (IFN-β) pre-treated mouse cells relative to rPR8-HK-NS-wt NS1. The double mutant, rPR8-HK-NS-F103L + M106I, demonstrated growth attenuation late in infection due to increased IFN-β induction in mouse cells. We then generated a rPR8 virus possessing the A/HK/156/97 NS gene that possesses 103L + 106I, and then rescued the L103F + I106M mutant. The 103L + 106I mutations increased virulence by >10 fold in BALB/c mice. We also inserted the avian A/Ck/Beijing/1/95 NS1 gene (the source lineage of the A/HK/156/97 NS1 gene) that possesses 103L + 106I, onto the A/WSN/33 backbone and then generated the L103F + I106M mutant. None of the H5N1 and H9N2 NS containing viruses resulted in increased IFN-β induction. The rWSN-A/Ck/Beijing/1/95-NS1 gene possessing 103L and 106I demonstrated 100 fold enhanced growth and >10 fold enhanced virulence that was associated with increased tropism for lung alveolar and bronchiolar tissues relative to the corresponding L103F and I106M mutant.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The F103L and M106I NS1 mutations were adaptive genetic determinants of growth and virulence in both human and avian NS1 genes in the mouse model.</p

Anisotropy in the pion angular distribution of the reaction pp -> pp pi0 at 400 MeV

The reaction pp -> pp pi0 was studied with the WASA detector at the CELSIUS storage ring. The center of mass angular distribution of the pi0 was obtained by detection of the gamma decay products together with the two outgoing protons, and found to be anisotropic with a negative second derivative slope, in agreement with the theoretical predictions from a microscopic calculation.Comment: Revtex 4 style, 5 pages 7 figures, PACS numbers:13.60.Le, 13.75.Cs, 21.45.+v, 25.10.+