29 research outputs found
RPN2-mediated glycosylation of tetraspanin CD63 regulates breast cancer cell malignancy
4-Hydroxyderricin inhibits osteoclast formation and accelerates osteoblast differentiation
4-Hydroxyderricin (4-HD) is a major polyphenol of Angelica keiskei (Japanese name Ashitaba), exhibiting anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and antitumor effects. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of 4-HD on bone formation and maintenance by using cultured osteoclasts and osteoblasts. 4-HD did not affect cell proliferation of stromal ST2 cells and preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells at concentrations of 1–10 μM. This compound inhibited the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts from mouse splenic cells, and we identified a molecular pathway of osteoclast differentiation mediated by 4-HD, which led to inhibition of the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and macrophage-colony stimulating factor in ST2 cells. By contrast, 4-HD enhanced indices of osteoblast differentiation, such as alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition by osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, at concentrations of 1–10 μM. Furthermore, we found that 4-HD at 1 μM attenuated H2O2 levels in MC3T3-E1 cells. Our findings indicate that 4-HD may have critical effects on bone formation and maintenance
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich power spectrum with decaying cold dark matter
Recent studies of structures of galaxies and clusters imply that dark matter
might be unstable and decay with lifetime about the age of
universe. We study the effects of the decay of cold dark matter on the
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) power spectrum. We analytically calculate the SZ power
spectrum taking finite lifetime of cold dark matter into account. We find the
finite lifetime of dark matter decreases the power at large scale ()
and increases at small scale (). This is in marked contrast with the
dependence of other cosmological parameters such as the amplitude of mass
fluctuations and the cosmological constant
(under the assumption of a flat universe) which mainly change the normalization
of the angular power spectrum. This difference allows one to determine the
lifetime and other cosmological parameters rather separately. We also
investigate sensitivity of a future SZ survey to the cosmological parameters
including the life time, assuming a fiducial model , , and . We show that
future SZ surveys such as ACT, AMIBA, and BOLOCAM can determine the lifetime
within factor of two even if and are
marginalized.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
miR-34a-5p might have an important role for inducing apoptosis by down-regulation of SNAI1 in apigenin-treated lung cancer cells
Apigenin is a flavonoid with antioxidant and anticancer effects. It has been reported that apigenin inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion and induces apoptosis in cultured lung cancer cells. However, there is little information on the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in its effects. miRNA microarray analysis and polymerase-chain-reaction analysis of miRNAs revealed that treatment of human lung cancer A549 cells with apigenin up-regulated the level of miR-34a-5p. Furthermore, mRNA microarray analysis and the results of three microRNA target prediction tools showed that Snail Family Transcriptional Repressor 1 (SNAI1), which inhibits the induction of apoptosis, had its mRNA expression down-regulated in A549 cells treated with apigenin. Our findings suggest that apigenin might induce apoptosis by down-regulation of SNAI1 through up-regulation of miR-34a-5p in A549 cells