Avulsão traumática de músculos extraoculares: relatos de casos

We described the clinical, surgical details and results (motor and sensory) of the retrieving procedure of traumatically avulsed muscles in three patients with no previous history of strabismus or diplopia seen in the Department of Ophthalmology, State University of Campinas, Brazil. The slipped muscle portion was reinserted at the original insertion and under the remaining stump, which was sutured over the reinserted muscle. For all three cases there was recovery of single binocular vision and stereopsis.Foram descritos os quadros clínicos, detalhes cirúrgicos e resultados (motores e sensoriais) da reinserção de músculos traumaticamente avulsionados, em três pacientes sem estória prévia de estrabismo ou diplopia, atendidos no Departamento de Oftalmologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. A porção muscular deslizada foi reinserida na linha da inserção original e sob o coto remanescente, o qual foi acomodado e suturado sobre o músculo reinserido. Para os três casos houve recuperação da visão binocular única e da estereopsia.12412

Traumatic Avulsion Of Extraocular Muscles: Case Reports.

We described the clinical, surgical details and results (motor and sensory) of the retrieving procedure of traumatically avulsed muscles in three patients with no previous history of strabismus or diplopia seen in the Department of Ophthalmology, State University of Campinas, Brazil. The slipped muscle portion was reinserted at the original insertion and under the remaining stump, which was sutured over the reinserted muscle. For all three cases there was recovery of single binocular vision and stereopsis.76124-

Distrofia miotônica tipo 1: frequência dos achados oftalmológicos

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency of ophthalmologic abnormalities in a cohort of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients and to correlate them with motor function. We reviewed the pathophysiology of cataract and low intraocular pressure (IOP). Method Patients were included after clinical and laboratory diagnosis and after signed informed consent. They were evaluated by Motor Function Measure scale, Portuguese version (MFM-P) and ophthalmic protocol. Results We evaluated 42 patients aged 17 to 64 years (mean 40.7 ± 12.5), 22 of which were men. IOP (n = 41) was reduced in all but one. We found cataract or positivity for surgery in 38 (90.48%) and ptosis in 23 (54.76%). These signs but not IOP were significantly correlated with severity of motor dysfunction. Abnormalities in ocular motility and stereopsis were observed. Conclusion Cataract and ptosis are frequent in DM1 and associated to motor dysfunction. Reduced IOP is also common, but appears not to be related with motor impairment.O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a frequência das anormalidades oftalmológicas em uma coorte de pacientes com distrofia miotônica tipo 1 (DM1) correlacionando-as à função motora. Revisamos a fisiopatogenia da catarata e baixa pressão intraocular (PIO). Método Os pacientes foram incluídos após diagnóstico clínico-laboratorial de DM1. Aqueles que assinaram o termo de participação foram avaliados pela escala medida da função motora, versão em português (MFM-P) e protocolo oftalmológico. Resultados Avaliamos 42 pacientes de 17 a 64 anos (média 40,7 ± 12,5), 22 do sexo masculino. Encontramos catarata ou positividade de cirurgia em 38 (90,48%) e blefaroptose em 23 (54,76%) e esses sinais foram correlacionados significativamente à maior gravidade da disfunção motora. Baixa PIO também foi comum e não correlacionada à gravidade motora. Alterações da motilidade ocular e de estereopsia ocorreram. Conclusão Catarata e ptose palpebral são frequentes na DM1 e associadas à gravidade motora. Baixa PIO é comum e parece ser independente da evolução motora.74318318

Anestesia peribulbar versus anestesia geral na cirurgia de estrabismo horizontal

PURPOSE: To compare the results of strabismus surgery under peribulbar and general anesthesia in cases of small and moderate angle of horizontal strabismus. METHODS: Medical records of eighty-four patients with small and moderate angle horizontal strabismus who underwent strabismus surgery were reviewed. Forty-two patients were submitted to the surgery under peribulbar anesthesia and forty-two under general anesthesia. The surgery was considered satisfactory when postoperative angle was 10 prism diopters or less. RESULTS: Surgery was satisfactory in all patients. Mann-Whitney test showed no difference in the preoperative angle of deviation (p=0.366) and in the postoperative results (p=0.800) between the two groups. Adjusting for the variables age and type of strabismus (esotropia and exotropia), ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) results showed no statistical difference (p=0.368). There were no complications due to surgery or anesthesia in either group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that there was no difference between the postoperative results of strabismus surgery under peribulbar and general anesthesia in small and moderate angle of horizontal strabismus.OBJETIVO: Comparar os resultados de cirurgias de estrabismo sob anestesia peribulbar e geral em casos de estrabismos horizontais de pequeno e médio ângulo. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados os prontuários médicos de 84 pacientes com estrabismo horizontal de pequeno e médio ângulo submetidos à cirurgia de estrabismo. Quarenta e dois pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia sob anestesia peribulbar e quarenta e dois sob anestesia geral. A cirurgia foi considerada satisfatória quando o desvio pós-operatório era de até 10 dioptrias prismáticas (DP). RESULTADOS: A cirurgia foi considerada satisfatória em todos os pacientes. O teste de Mann-Whitney não mostrou diferença no ângulo pré-operatório (p=0,366) nem nos resultados pós-operatórios (p=0,800) entre os dois grupos. Ajustando as variá veis idade e tipo de estrabismo (esotropia e exotropia), o teste ANCOVA (análise de covariância) não mostrou diferença significativa entre os grupos (p=0,368). Não houve complicações decorrentes da cirurgia ou técnica anestésica em nenhum dos grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo sugere que não há diferença nos resultados pós-operatórios da cirurgia de estrabismo entre anestesia peribulbar e geral em estrabismos horizontais de pequeno e médio ângulo.35235

Causas de baixa visão e uso de auxílio óptico por idosos

PURPOSE: To determine the causes of low vision in an elderly population attended by a university visual rehabilitation service and to check for the use of prescribed optical aids. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out on patients aged 60 years or over attending for the first time a university low vision service in 2001. Ophthalmic reevaluation and interview were performed by means of a structured questionnaire in 2002. RESULTS: The sample comprised 50 subjects aged between 60 and 90 years. Severe low vision (;OBJETIVO: Determinar causas de baixa visão de população idosa atendida por serviço universitário de reabilitação visual e verificar a utilização dos auxílios ópticos prescritos. MÉTODO: Foi realizado estudo transversal entre pacientes de idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, atendidos pela primeira vez por serviço de visão subnormal em 2001. Foram submetidos à reavaliação oftalmológica e entrevistados mediante a aplicação de questionário estruturado em 2002. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi formada por 50 sujeitos de idades entre 60 e 90 anos. Apresentaram baixa visão acentuada (acuidade visual < 20/200) 68,0% dos pacientes. A principal causa de baixa visão foi a doença macular relacionada à idade (44,0%). No que se refere à situação de leitura, 16,0% não sabem ler e 72,0% cursaram até a 4ª série. Em relação aos auxílios ópticos, 31 (62,0%) receberam prescrição e 54,8% desses afirmaram utilizá-los, sendo causas de não prescrição a idade elevada e fatores sócio-culturais como pouco interesse na leitura. Quanto à opinião sobre a validade do auxílio 70,6% responderam positivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A principal causa de baixa visão foi a degeneração macular relacionada à idade. Aproximadamente metade da população que recebeu prescrição relatou o uso efetivo dos auxílios ópticos nas atividades diárias. O aproveitamento do resíduo visual de população idosa com baixa visão reveste-se de prioridade quando se considera o contexto social e a independência necessária à melhor qualidade de vida

Causes Of Low Vision And Use Of Optical Aids In The Elderly.

To determine the causes of low vision in an elderly population attended by a university visual rehabilitation service and to check for the use of prescribed optical aids. A cross-sectional study was carried out on patients aged 60 years or over attending for the first time a university low vision service in 2001. Ophthalmic reevaluation and interview were performed by means of a structured questionnaire in 2002. The sample comprised 50 subjects aged between 60 and 90 years. Severe low vision (< or =20/200) was present in 68.0% of patients. The main cause of low vision was age-related macular degeneration (44.0%). Regarding literacy, 16.0% were illiterate and 72.0% had completed fundamental schooling. Thirty-one patients (62.0%) had been prescribed optical aids; 54.8% of these patients stated that they use them. A majority (70.6%) held a favorable opinion of these aids. The main cause of low vision was age-related macular degeneration. Approximately half of those receiving prescriptions reported actually using the aids in their daily activities. Making best use of residual vision in the elderly population with visual impairment is a priority, given the social context, if the independence necessary for enhanced quality of life is to be achieved.59157-6

Strabismus Surgery Learning For Ophthalmology Residents Of University Service.

To verify Ophthalmology resident's and supervisor's perceptions regarding learning and teaching strabismus surgery. Descriptive Study. 1(st) and 2(nd) year residents. Each resident studied the standard strabismus surgery technique on a CD-ROM, then performed a rabbit rectus muscle recession and a strabismus surgery on a patient. A structured questionnaire was handed to the residents, and the authors made observations including variables referring to the surgical technique applied, self-evaluation of this technique and if appropriate training was given. Thirty-eight questionnaires were analysed. All 1(st) year residents (R1) had had some difficulty remembering the surgery sequence and 69.6% of 2(nd) year residents (R2). Concerning the surgical material handling, 93.3% of R1 and 52.2% of R2 had had any difficulty. The residents reported that during the surgery in humans, 50% remembered the experimental stage and that this training completely fulfilled their needs for 47% and partially for other 47%. Experimental surgery, more practice opportunities and resident's supervision may improve the teaching of strabismus surgery.75188-9

Auxílios ópticos para baixa visão: uso de internet na orientação de professores de deficientes visuais

PURPOSES: To describe and interpret teachers' opinions about and responsiveness to guidance on optical aids for low vision. METHODS: It was conducted a cross-sectional analytical study. The convenience, non-random sample consisted of 58 teachers from the public school network of the city of Campinas. It was constructed and applied a structured questionnaire, available online at the assessed website. For qualitative data collection it was conducted an exploratory study using the focus group technique. RESULTS: Responses expressed, for the most part, a marked interest in the website, its easiness of access, and the comprehensive nature of the information provided. Most people reported frequent use of the Internet to seek information, and found it easier to access the Internet at home. Among the qualitative aspects of the evaluation, we should mention the perceived importance of the website as a source of information, despite some criticism about the accessibility and reliability of the information found on the Internet. CONCLUSION: Teachers' need for training to deal with visually impaired students and their positive response to advice and information lead to the conclusion that web-based guidelines on the use of optical aids were considered beneficial to ease the understanding of visual impairment and the rehabilitation of the affected subjects

Which is your diagnosis?

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Deficiência visual, reabilitação e Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde

Objective: To describe the characteristics of people with visual impairment who participated in the Visual Rehabilitation Groups, according to the ICD-10 and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional survey, developed in a university rehabilitation research center between october and december 2012. The users from the Visual Rehabilitation Groups were invited; 13 of them agreed to participate. We performed an occupational therapy evaluation - with anamnesis, performance evaluation and functional vision assessment - an analysis of medical charts and patient description with the use of the ICF. Results: The major causes of visual impairment were diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, optical neuritis and keratoconus. Some functions and structures of the body, performance and capabilities in activities and participation, environmental factors facilitators or limiters were highlighted in this study, allowing the description of the characteristics of each participant through the functionality and the improvement of the therapeutic planning. Assistive technologies, optical and nonoptical aids used and their everyday benefits were presented. Conclusion: Visual loss, at any level, led to functional impairments, limiting and restricting the participation and performance in everyday activities, interfering with the individuals' independence, autonomy and quality of life. However, the use of optical aids, non-optical aids and environmental adaptations proved to be beneficial for increasing the functionality, showing the influence of external factors on the performance. Knowing and recognizing the existence of diversities within the visual impairment universe allows us to understand who the treated individual is, avoiding the generalization by the visual condition. The ICF showed to have a fundamental role in this context735291301Objetivo: Descrever as características das pessoas com deficiência visual participantes de Grupos de Reabilitação Visual, segundo a CID-10 e a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Métodos: Pesquisa quantitativa de corte transversal, desenvolvida em um centro universitário de pesquisas em reabilitação entre outubro e dezembro de 2012. Usuários de Grupos de Reabilitação Visual foram convidados, sendo 13 os que aceitaram participar. Foi realizada avaliação de terapia ocupacional – com anamnese, avaliação de desempenho e avaliação funcional da visão – consulta aos prontuários e a classificação dos participantes utilizando a CIF. Resultados: As principais causas de deficiência visual foram retinopatia diabética, glaucoma, neurite óptica e ceratocone. Algumas funções e estruturas do corpo, desempenho e capacidades em atividades e participação, fatores ambientais facilitadores ou limitadores foram destacados neste estudo, possibilitando descrever as características de cada participante por meio de sua funcionalidade e auxiliando no planejamento terapêutico. Tecnologias assistivas, auxílios ópticos e não ópticos utilizados e seus benefícios cotidianos foram apresentados. Conclusão: A perda visual, em qualquer nível, levou a prejuízos funcionais, limitando e restringindo a participação e o desempenho em atividades cotidianas, interferindo na independência, autonomia e qualidade de vida dos sujeitos. Entretanto, o uso de recursos ópticos, não ópticos, auxílios e adaptações ambientais mostraram-se benéficos para a ampliação da funcionalidade, evidenciando a influência de fatores externos no desempenho do indivíduo. Conhecer e reconhecer a existência da diversidade dentro do universo da deficiência visual possibilita entender quem é o sujeito atendido, evitando a generalização pela condição visual, tendo a CIF papel fundamental nesse contextosem informaçã