More than the “Wife Corps”: Female Tenant Farmer Struggle in 1920s Japan

AbstractStruggles over social reproduction intensified and took on new forms in Japan during the interwar period, as the state found it increasingly difficult to secure the foundations for the continued accumulation of capital. Landlord-tenant disputes that erupted nationwide in the midst of Japan's post-World War I agricultural recession was one concrete manifestation of these struggles. While the significance of tenant disputes has been analyzed in great detail by scholars, there has been a surprising lack of historical scholarship on the role that female tenant farmers played within them. This absence is a manifestation of two tendencies: First, gendered assumptions surrounding the figure of the tenant farmer have led scholars of agrarian social movements to work from a relatively limited understanding of what constitutes struggle and by extension, who its protagonists have been. Second, the conflation of waged work as productive work and by extension, non-waged work as unproductive has unwittingly relegated many forms of struggle that working women participated in to the realm of the pre-political. This paper contends that far from being mere supporters – the wife corps – of what was ultimately a male-driven movement, female participants in tenant disputes produced their own powerful critiques of the way that the Japanese state and capital undervalued their lives and labor. As such, they should be understood as one link in a rich history of proletarian feminist struggle both within and outside of the Japanese empire

Conception dates of Sika deer on the Boso Peninsula, central Japan

Volume: 21Start Page: 153End Page: 15

A grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering analysis on capped Ge nanodots in layer structures.

The title was changed after a peer-review.The grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) intensity from buried Ge nanodots is examined both by GISAXS/reflectivity measurements and by simulations with distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA). The validity and the condition of using the Born approximation (BA) are discussed using simulations based on the layer structures modeled from a reflectivity analysis. As expected in the previous kinematic analysis, use of the BA is reasonable in determining the size and the shape of very small or thin nanodots. Several effects of layer structures on the GISAXS analysis are discussed

A grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering analysis on capped Ge nanodots in layer structures

The title was changed after a peer-review.The grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) intensity from buried Ge nanodots is examined both by GISAXS/reflectivity measurements and by simulations with distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA). The validity and the condition of using the Born approximation (BA) are discussed using simulations based on the layer structures modeled from a reflectivity analysis. As expected in the previous kinematic analysis, use of the BA is reasonable in determining the size and the shape of very small or thin nanodots. Several effects of layer structures on the GISAXS analysis are discussed

Introduction and expansion history of the masked palm civet, Paguma larvata, in Japan, revealed by mitochondrial DNA control region and cytochrome b analysis

The masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) in Japan is considered as an alien species; however, the details on introduction routes to Japan and the expansion history are still unclear. In the present study, to further solve these questions, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA control region (523 base-pairs) of 226 individuals from Japan and Taiwan, and identified 13 haplotypes, which are phylogenetically closely related to each other. Then, we combined the present control region data with the previously reported cytochrome b sequences, and found multiple haplotypes in Shikoku, Gunma, and Tokyo. The population in Shikoku was formed by several genetic lineages, one of which was not found in other areas, indicating the differentiation of the Shikoku population from those in Central Honshu. In addition, animals with the major cytochrome b haplotype in Eastern Japan in the previous study were found to have three different haplotypes in control region. The results strongly show multiple introduced routes of P. larvata in Eastern Japan. Our study much contributes to further understanding of the expansion history of P. larvata on the Japanese islands, in conjunction with previous genetic data