Studies on Silage-Making : XV. The Effect of Some Additives used at the Ensiling Time

サイレージ調製の際の添加物として,糖質の種類による効果を比較するため,2番刈開花期にあるイタリアンライグラスを,水分70%程度に調節し,コーンミール(2%),コーンスターチ(2%),ブドウ糖(2%),フスマ(4%),ブドウ糖脱脂コメヌカ混合物(1：1,2%),ブドウ糖フスマ混合物(1:1,2%),ブドウ糖フスマカス混合物(1:1,2%)を添加した医ならびに無添加対照の計8区を設けて,その添加効果を比較検討した. 1)発酵的品質はコーンミール区59点,コーンスターチ区63点で,酪酸の生成がみられ,対照区49点に対し,わずかに品質の改善がみられたのみであった. その他の区では,かなりの改善がみられた. 2)品質鑑定の結果,ブドウ糖添加(2%)区を基準にして,添加効率を求めれば,コーンミール26,コーンスターチ34,フスマ(4％)102,ブドウ糖脱脂コメヌカ混合物109,ブドウ糖フスマ混合物113,ブドウ糖フスマカス113%となり,それぞれの飼料と,ブドウ糖との混合物が,ブドウ糖単独のときよりも効率が高められた. 3)プロピタミンAの埋蔵中の保存は,ブドウ糖の添加によって高められることが確認された,埋蔵材料草のプロビタミンAの含量を100とすれば,無添加サイレージの含量は69で,ブドウ糖添加サイレージは92であった. 後者はわずか8%の低下にすぎなかった

Studies on Silage-Making : (XIX) The Relations between the Growth Stage and Silage Quality on the Green Oats

エンバクをサイレージに調製する場合の刈取適期を知るため,穂孕(5月16日),出穂(6月1日),開花(6月14日),乳熟(7月1日)の4期に刈りとり,その収量を調査し,その成分を調査すると同時にサイレージを調製し,約3ヵ月後にこれを開き,品質を調査し,ヤギにより消化試験を行ない,飼料価値を査定した. 結果の要約はつぎのようである. 1)収量調査の結果,乾物の収量は,生育期が進むにつれて増大した. 粗タンパク質の収量は出穂開花の頃が最大になり,その後減少した. 2)各期収穫における材料のサイレージの品質は,いずれも良質のものが得られなかった. しかし穂孕・出穂期刈りとりのものが,開花・乳熟期のものに比較して多少良質の傾向にあったが,いずれも酪酸を相当含み,アンモニア態窒素率も高かった. 3)ヤギによる有機物の消化率は,穂孕期66%,出穂期56%,開花期41%,乳熟期サイレージ42%で,また粗タンパク質・粗繊維の消化率は,生育期が進むにつれて典型的に減少した. 消化率はサイレージの発酵的品質に支配されるが,材料草の生育時期が第一次的に支配因子になることが推定された. 4)エンバクをサイレージにした場合,単位面積あたりのDCPの収量は,穂孕期から開花期までは余り差がなかったが,乳熟期にはかなり減少した. TDNの収量は出穂期まで増加したが,その後の増加は余りなかった,出穂期またはその前後が収量・土地利用の両面から経済的で有利と思われる. 5)エンバクは一般には晶質良好なサイレージのできにくい材料であるので,調製上の基本的条件の充実,材料の混合埋蔵,添加物の工夫が必要であることが推定された

Breast Cancer with Cartilaginous and/or Osseous Metaplasia Diagnosed by Lymph Nodal Metastasis:A Case Report

Breast cancer with cartilaginous and/or osseous metaplasia is a type of metaplastic carcinomas and is a rare disease. We report the case of a 49 year-old female who underwent right mastectomy for a large breast tumor. Histological examinations revealed a mixed tumor with both stromal and epithelial elements;the stroma showed poor differentiated spindle-shape and multiform cells with a massive osseous matrix, and atypical epithelial cells, which mainly existed on the surface of the cysts, showed nucleic atypia. The tumor was diagnosed as a malignant phyllodes tumor with osteosarcomatous differentiation;it was not identified as a metaplastic carcinoma because of the lack of proof of a cancerous component. Two years after a mastectomy, swelling of the axillary lymph nodes was found and a biopsy was performed. Histological findings for the lymph node indicated a metastasis of the invasive ductal carcinoma. The primary tumor was re-examined and was considered to be the origin of the lymph nodal metastasis. Lymph nodal metastasis of cancer proved that the primary tumor had cancerous potential, and the pathological diagnosis was altered to a breast cancer with cartilaginous and/or osseous metaplasia.</p

Microseizures Induced by Topiramate

A 22-year-old Japanese male with trisomy 21 was diagnosed with West syndrome at 4 months old. After the suppression of epileptic spasms using adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy, he had complex partial seizures and bilateral frontal epileptic discharges on EEG. Although the introduction of topiramate (TPM) decreased the seizures during wakefulness, frequent episodes of brief eye-opening appeared during sleep while the patient was taking TPM (400 mg/day). EEG showed fast activity at the times of eye-opening. The episodes of eye-opening during sleep and the fast activities disappeared upon TPM discontinuation. This is the first report of TPM-induced microseizures similar to benzodiazepine-induced microseizures

Genomic analysis of antibiotic resistance for Acinetobacter baumannii in a critical care center

AimAcinetobacter baumannii is commonly associated with outbreaks and antibiotic‐resistant nosocomial infection. This study aimed to determine the relationship between antibiotic resistance and genotypes of A. baumannii.MethodsA study was undertaken in the critical care center (CCC) of Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital (Urayasu, Japan) between January 2012 and September 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. All A. baumannii isolates were verified to carry carbapenemase genes and the ISAba1 element using polymerase chain reaction. The genetic relationship of all A. baumannii isolates was determined by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing.ResultsDuring the study period, 1634 patients were admitted to the CCC. Acinetobacter baumannii was detected in 43 patients (average age, 58 ± 19 years; 67.4% men). Six patients were determined to be extensively drug‐resistant A. baumannii and 21 patients determined to be multidrug‐resistant A. baumannii. Antimicrobial susceptibility linked genotypes of A. baumannii. Molecular characterization by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing showed that closely related clones of A. baumannii had spread in the CCC.ConclusionResistance to antimicrobial drugs was significantly associated with certain A. baumannii genotypic types and molecular types. Thus, we might be able to predict whether the genotype has spread in the CCC or not when the susceptibility is examined, facilitating the appropriate isolation of patients

Multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors in neurofi bromatosis type 1 treated with laparoscopic surgery

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have been reported to occasionally occur in patients with neurofi bromatosis type 1 (NF-1), and many cases have had multiple lesions predominantly involving the small intestine. We report herein a case of multiple GISTs associated with NF-1 from whom laparoscopic surgery was benefi cial. In a 79-year-old female admitted with anemia and melena, the abdominal computed tomography revealed a tumor arising from the small intestine. Laparoscopic surgery was performed, and another small tumor was revealed during laparoscopic observation. Extracorporeal partial and wedge resection of the small intestine were undertaken. Both lesions were diagnosed as typical GISTs of low risk. Laparoscopic surgery would be useful for examination and a minimally invasive approach to tumors of the small intestine, especially on cases with the possibility of multiple tumors.</p

Immunohistochemical Features of Primary Pure Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Thyroid: An Autopsy Case

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the thyroid is extremely rare and has been reported in &#x3c; 1% of all thyroid cancer cases. Primary SCC in the thyroid was thought to be a transitional form derived from adenocarcinomas; therefore, the majority of reported cases have focused on the conjunction with other histological adenocarcinomas. A 73-year-old male presented to our hospital with bilateral vocal fold palsy and an anterior neck mass. Ultrasound sonography revealed a bulky tumor in the thyroid and bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. We performed fine-needle aspiration cytology from the thyroid tumor, which revealed SCC. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed distant metastases in the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, and vertebra. We diagnosed the patient as having stage IVC SCC in the thyroid and administered weekly paclitaxel. Four and a half months after treatment initiation, the tumor progression resulted in aspiration pneumonia, which proved fatal. We performed an autopsy in accordance with the patient’s wishes. Pathological findings revealed that all carcinomas in the thyroid, cervical lymph nodes, and lungs were pure SCCs. Immunohistochemical examinations for PAX8, thyroglobulin, and TTF-1 were all negative. Differentiated thyroid carcinomas have 3 major positive markers – PAX8, thyroglobulin, and TTF-1 –, and PAX8 is also sometimes positive for SCC in the thyroid. PAX8 positivity of SCC in the thyroid might, however, be associated with conjunction with other histological adenocarcinomas such as papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma; therefore, pure SCC in the thyroid might be negative for PAX8