Ishiwari, Ryutaro

Kimura, Kiichi

Kimura, Sadao

Miyake, Kozo

Yamashita, Sukeaki

Yuasa, Kazunori

Kyoto University Research Information Repository

Title Measurement of Ionic Mobility Using an Alpha-Ray CounterAuthor(s)Kimura, Kiichi; Ishiwari, Ryutaro; Yuasa, Kazunori;Yamashita, Sukeaki; Miyake, Kozo; Kimura, SadaoCitation京都大学化学研究所報告 (1952), 27: 51-52Issue Date1952-02-25URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/74372RightType Departmental Bulletin PaperTextversionpublisherKyoto University   Now, in order to observe this effect of the friction on the elastic body, we made a preliminary experiment on the kinetic friction. Regarding the test pieces of photo-elasticity, we prepared two kinds of them, namely, (1).  25% gelatin-jelly, which was 16 cm. long, 11.2 cm. wide and 0.8 cm. thick, (2).  20% gelatin-jelly, being 16 cm. long, 16 cm. wide, and 0.8 cm. thick. In each of them a circular hole of 4.9 cm. in diameter was made and an ebonite disc of 5.8 cm. in diameter was fitted in it. The ebonite disc was rotated by a motor at the  uniform speed of about  1. r.p.m.. The  phenomena of kinetic friction caused by the rotation of the disc (rotating axis was horizontal) was observed. The coefficients of kinetic friction are tabulated as follows.       Table 1. The coefficient of friction p. and the angle of friction a measured at the               contact surfac.  p is the angle between the vertical line and the radius               of the disc at the measured point.                                                       TiGyi tan'—'p,                0°  0.270  —  2.01 0.134 7.6°       Test piece (1) 50°  + 0.216  —  1.48 0.146 8.3°                  90°  + 0.330  —  1.60 0.207 11.7°       Test piece (2)0° + 0.471  —  1.60  0.295 16.5°                   39.6°  + 0.344  —  1.22 0.281 15.9° In addition, we found the change of stress before and after the rotation of the disc. But the change was fundamentally different according to the test piece (1) or (2). This may be due to the fact that pure phenomena of friction are not seen at the contact surface, owing to the inadequate form of the test pieces. Using the new test pieces of improved form, the experiments are being carried on.    4. Measurement of Ionic Mobility Using an Alpha-Ray Counter      Kiichi  Kimura, Ryutaro Ishiwari, Kazunori Yuasa, Sukeaki  Yamashita,                     Kozo Miyake and Sadao  Kimura                              (K. Kimura Laboratory)   In the previous paper (this Bulletin, 21, 61 (1950)), we described a method of measuring ionic mobilities by analysing the shape of the output pulse of an alpha-ray counter. And we also reported that the mobility of positive ions of air seems to change from 2.2 to  1.7cm2/sec/volt during the interval from 2.5 x  10-' to  1  x  10-3 sec of the age of the ions.    In the present study, we have examined this transition more carefully. Making the more detailed theoretical analysis on the effect of the transition  of  ionic  )mobility during the drift from the initial point of the electrode, we have ascer-tained that the change of the mobility of positive ions takes place at a definite age  i.  e.,  1X  10-1  see.     5. The Construction of a Mass Spectrometer without the Use                     of Magnetic Field           Hidekuni  Takekoshi, Kazuo Tsuruoka and Sakae Shimizu                              (K. Kimura Laboratory)    We have constructed a kind of mass spectrometer, without the use of magne-tic field, in which the separation of mass of ions was achieved by observing the arrival of short ion pulses of known energy projected through a long drift tube with length L  (130cm). When the accelerating voltage of ion pulses is E (300 volts), the velocity of ions is  v=1/2eE/m, and then the time interval between the ar-rival of pulses of ions with mass  in, and  m at the end of the drift tube will be proportional to L  (Vmi-Vm2. The apparatus consisted of three  parts  : ion source, drift tube, and detector.    The ion beam produced at the ion source was interrupted by applying 30 volts to the one of two deflecting plates. When the pulse potential of 100 volts was applied to the another deflecting plate, ion pulses were projected through the drift tube. The ion pulses reached the end of the tube were collected on the first plate of an electron multiplier and the pulses were amplified.  These  ampli-fied pulses were applied to the vertical plate of a oscilloscope. In our measure-ment, however, with the residual gas, the pulse size of the oscillograph was very broad. The resolvtion of this  instrument generally depends upon the difference of ion energy, which was caused by the initial velocity of ions, different length of ion path, width of ion pulse, and scattering with the residual gas. The disper-sion from the different initial energy of ions,  tItE, is                 1                  'LE=—2 X  LI/m/2 e  E3  x  zIE = 2 x  10-7 sec. The dispersion from the different length of ion path,  Liti„  is  tr.  =1/m/2eE  x  AL  =  1.6  X  10-7 sec. The effect of scattering with residual gas is complicated and is unable to com-pute exactly. But the order of scattering is as  follows  :         Pressure of residual gass,  N2. Percentage of scatted ions.  10-4 mmHg  20%  10 mmHg  3-5% Our experimental results were in agreement with the above relation.  (  54  )

Measurement of Ionic Mobility Using an Alpha-Ray Counter

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Measurement of Ionic Mobility Using an Alpha-Ray Counter

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