Başparmak metakarpofalangeal sesamoidlerin kemikleşmesi ile ergenlik dönemi arasındaki ilişki: Radyografik bir çalışma

Objective: The current study aimed to determine the onset of sesamoid bones (Sbs) ossification at the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the hand and its relationship with puberty. Methods: This retrospective radiographic study included patients aged 5-17 years. The presence of Sbs was investigated separately for each age group. Patients were classified based on their age, gender, and the presence of radial and ulnar sesamoids. Results: A total of 1,020 radiographs from 939 patients were analyzed. Sbs began to ossify in girls at the age of 8 years and in boys at the age of 9 years. The ulnar-radial sesamoids were present in all individuals in the same age group at the age of 13-14 years in girls and 15 years in boys. The age at which 50% of the individuals in the same age group had a sesamoid was 10.4 years in girls and 11.9 years in boys on the radial side, 9.5 years in girls, and 11.5 years in boys on the ulnar side. Conclusions: In all individuals, the time between the onset of sesamoids of the MCP joint and development corresponds to the physiological period of puberty. However, the age at which puberty begins coincides with the time when Sbs begin to ossify in 50% of both sexes in the same age groupAmaç: Bu çalışma, elin başparmak metakarpofalangeal (MKP) ekleminde sesamoid kemiklerin (Sbs) kemikleşme zamanının başlangıcını ve ergenlik dönemi ile ilişkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif radyografik çalışmaya 5-17 yaş arası hastalar dahil edildi. Her yaş grubu için ayrı ayrı Sbs varlığı araştırıldı. Hastalar yaş, cinsiyet ve radyal-ulnar sesamoid varlığına göre kaydedildi. Bulgular: Dokuz yüz otuz dokuz hastanın 1.020 radyografisi incelendi. Sbs kızlarda 8, erkeklerde 9 yaşında kemikleşmeye başladı. Aynı yaş grubundaki tüm bireylerde ulnar-radyal sesamoidlerin bulunduğu yaş kızlarda 13-14, erkeklerde 15 idi. Sesamoidin aynı yaş grubundaki bireylerin %50’sinde görüldüğü yaş radyal taraf için kızlarda 10,4, erkeklerde 11,9 iken ulnar taraf için ise kızlarda 9,5, erkeklerde 11,5 yaş olarak belirlendi. Sonuçlar: Örneklemimizde ergenlik başlangıç zamanı ve süresi ile karşılaştırıldığında; 1. MKP eklemdeki sesamoidlerin görülmeye başladığı yaştan tüm bireylerde görülmeye başladığı yaşa kadar geçen süre fizyolojik ergenlik süresi ile benzerdir. Ergenlik başlangıç yaşı ise aynı yaş grubundaki hem cinslerinin %50’sinde Sbs’nin görüldüğü zamana denk gelmektedi

Composing a high-frequency financial conditions index and the implications for economic activity

In this study, we construct an index using high-frequency data related to financial markets and intermediation services in Turkey, called the High-Frequency Financial Conditions Index, employing alternative statistical techniques for the period from 2006 to 2020. We also analyze the informative nature of the indices constructed with respect to the course of economic activity. Additionally, we perform a detailed empirical analysis of the relationship between financial conditions and growth tendencies. The results of the time-series analysis show that the series constructed are quite informative for monitoring economic activity. In this context, probit model estimations indicate that the index constructed can be used as an early indicator to predict “loss of momentum” episodes in economic growth, taking the lead-lag relationship into consideration. When a similar methodology is applied to emerging market economies, indices exhibit a high level of comovements with growth indicators. Panel vector autoregression estimation shows that, after country-specific characteristics are controlled for, a shock to financial conditions facilitates a significant response in the growth rates of emerging market economies. In terms of policy making, the indices can contribute to a better understanding of the financial outlook and its interaction with economic activity.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Quality-by-design model in optimization of PEG-PLGA nano micelles for targeted cancer therapy

Poly (D,L-Lactic-co-Glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer approved by FDA for clinical uses. Surface functionalization of self-assembly micelles made of PLGA with Poly- Ethylene Glycol (PEG) improves its stability and half-life in blood circulation via inhibiting adsorption of proteins on the surface and consequently decreasing opsonization rate. The purpose of present study was to optimize PEG amount absorbed on PLGA (PEGabsPLGA) micelles by application of quality by design approach. Based on risk assessment, effect of three variables including PLGA concentration, PEG concentration and molecular weight (MW) of PLGA were studied. Central composite design was implemented for design of experimentation with 26 runs. The PEGabsPLGA nano drug delivery system (NDDS), produced by o/w method, was optimized according to particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential values. Validation of the model was successfully performed with three representative formulations from the design space. As a result, 43.79 mg of PLGA with MW of 30,000-60,000 was incorporated with 12.61 mg of PEG to obtain a 69 nm NDDS (predicted 67.72 nm) with the PDI value equal to 0.124 (predicted 0.112). The results successfully led to the preparation of the most stable nanoparticles which were stable at room temperature for six months.Q2WOS:0004510080000442-s2.0-8505527889

Introducing a new risk factor for Lumbar Disc Herniation in females : vertical angle of the sacral curvature

Kanat, Ayhan/0000-0002-8189-2877WOS: 000313134700003PubMed: 23323164Objective : To characterize the importance of the vertical angle of the sacral curvature (VASC) in lumbar disc herniations. Methods : Morphological data derived from lumbar sagittal MRI imaging. the statistical significance of the findings are discussed. the angles of 60 female patients with lumbar disc herniations (LDH) were compared with the 34 female patients without LDH. Results : 128 of the 185 patients met our inclusion criteria. the vertical angle of sacral curvature is statistically significantly bigger in females with lumbar disc herniations when compared to subjects in control group, 28.32 and 25.4, respectively. (p=0.034<0.05). Same difference was not seen in males. Conclusion : the vertical angle of sagittal sacral curvature may be another risk factor in females with lumbar disc herniations

HOW USEFUL IS ELASTOGRAPHY IN THE FOLLOW-UP OF ACHILLES TENDON REPAIR?

Introduction: In addition to conservative modalities in the treatment of Achilles tendon injuries, open, percutaneous and minimally invasive semi-open techniques, as well as biological open surgical repair methods are used as surgical options. Compression elastography is one of the methods used for the follow-up of treatment in Achilles tendon injuries. Methods: 23 patients were included in our study between July 2013 and June 2014, as long as they had at least 4 years of follow-up. In the final control, the intact side and the operated side were both examined and compared. The variables were the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) which is measured as a functional score considering plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; calf circumference; Achilles tendon anteroposterior (AP) diameter; and elastographic examination. Results: The strain ratio value and AP diameter of the patients was significantly higher on the operated side than on the non-operated side (p 0.05). No correlation was observed between strain ratio and AOFAS (p: 0,995). Conclusion: Elastography is not a useful technique to evaluate functional results on long-term tendon healing. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study. © 2022. Acta Ortopedica Brasileira. All Rights Reserved.Thanks to Prof. Dr. Ebru Yeşildağ for consultation of study plannin

Dynamic thiol/disulphide balance in patients undergoing hypotensive anesthesia in elective septoplasties

Objective We aimed to investigate the effects of hypotensive anaesthesia on oxidative stress with serum thiol/disulphide balance in patients undergoing elective septoplasty procedures under general anaesthesia. Methods Seventy-two patients between the ages of 18-60, with a physical condition I -II, according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists, were included in this prospective observational study. Septoplasty was chosen for standard surgical stress. According to the maintenance of anaesthesia, patients were divided into the groups as Hypotensive Anaesthesia (n = 40) and Normotensive Anaesthesia (n = 32). Serum thiol/disulphide levels were measured by the method developed by Erel & Neselioglu. Results The native thiol and total thiol values of both groups measured at the 60th min intraoperatively were significantly lower than the preoperative values (both P 40 years and female gender were found to have a significant effect on dynamic oxidative stress (P = .002 and .001, respectively). Conclusion This pilot study has found that hypotensive anaesthesia had no adverse effect on dynamic thiol/disulphide balance in elective surgeries

Structure and content of the EU-IVDR: current status and implications for pathology

Background Regulation (EU) 2017/746 on in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVDR) was passed by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union on 5 April 2017 and came into force on 26 May 2017. A new amending regulation, which introduces a phased implementation of the IVDR with new transitional provisions for certain in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVDs) and a later date of application of some requirements for in-house devices for healthcare facilities, was adopted on 15 December 2021. The combined use of CE-certified IVDs (CE-IVDs), in-house IVDs (IH-IVDs), and research use only (RUO) devices are a cornerstone of diagnostics in pathology departments and crucial for optimal patient care. The IVDR not only regulates the manufacture and placement on the market of industrially manufactured IVDs, but also imposes conditions on the manufacture and use of IH-IVDs for internal use by healthcare facilities. Objectives Our work provides an overview of the background and structure of the IVDR and identifies core areas that need to be interpreted and fleshed out in the context of the legal framework as well as expert knowledge. Conclusions The gaps and ambiguities in the IVDR crucially require the expertise of professional societies, alliances, and individual stakeholders to successfully facilitate the implementation and use of the IVDR in pathology departments and to avoid aberrant developments

Expression of HMB45, MelanA and SOX10 is rare in non-small cell lung cancer

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma are frequent entities in routine diagnostics. Whereas the differential diagnosis is usually straight forward based on histomorphology, it can be challenging in poorly differentiated tumors as melanoma may mimic various histological patterns. Distinction of the two entities is of outmost importance as both are treated differently. HMB45 and MelanA are recommended immunohistological markers for melanoma in this scenario. SOX10 has been described as an additional marker for melanoma. However, comprehensive large-scale data about the expression of melanoma markers in NSCLC tumor tissue specimen are lacking so far. Methods: Therefore, we analyzed the expression of these markers in 1085 NSCLC tumor tissue samples. Tissue microarrays of NSCLC cases were immunohistochemically stained for HMB45, MelanA, and SOX10. Positivity of a marker was defined as ≥1% positive tumor cells. Results: In 1027 NSCLC tumor tissue samples all melanoma as well as conventional immunohistochemical markers for NSCLC could be evaluated. HMB45, MelanA, and SOX10 were positive in 1 (&lt; 1%), 0 (0%) and 5 (&lt; 1%) cases. The HMB45 positive case showed co-expression of SOX10 and was classified as large cell carcinoma. Three out of five SOX10 positive cases were SqCC and one case was an adenosquamous carcinoma. Conclusions: Expression of HMB45, MelanA and SOX10 is evident but exceedingly rare in NSCLC cases. Together with conventional immunomarkers a respective marker panel allows a clear-cut differential diagnosis even in poorly differentiated tumors

Central Sagittal Angle of the Sacrum as a New Risk Factor for Patients with Persistent Low Back Pain after Caesarean Section

Study DesignRetrospective.PurposeThis study investigated the possible association of persistent low back pain (LBP) with caesarean section (CS) under spinal anesthesia.Overview of LiteratureMany women suffer from LBP after CS, which is commonly performed under spinal anesthesia. However, this type of LBP is poorly understood, and there is poor consensus regarding increased risk after spinal anesthesia.MethodsWe examined two groups of patients who underwent cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Group I included patients who presented to a neurosurgical clinic complaining of LBP for at least 6 months. Group II was a control group with patients without LBP. We analyzed clinical and sagittal angle parameters, including age, body mass index, parity, central sagittal angle of the sacrum (CSAS), and sacral slope (SS).ResultsFifty-three patients participated in this study: 23 (43.1%) in Group I and 30 (56.9%) in Group II. Non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-tests showed that age, parity, and CSAS significantly differed between the two groups at 6 months.ConclusionsAge, parity, and CSAS appear to be associated with increased risk for LBP after CS under spinal anesthesia. Future prospective studies on this subject may help validate our results