Zero-dimensional chemical kinetic simulation of ROS/RNSin pulsed pulsed-discharge exposed water

The concentration variations of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in water, such as H2O2, NO2 −, and NO3 − generated by pulsed-discharge plasma exposure, are calculated using reaction rates of chemical reactions and acid-base equilibrium in water. The calculated concentrations and pH values are in good agreement with measured data within the range where the significant changes of the measured data are observed. The rate constant for ONOOH generation is estimated to be 7.8 × 103 M−2 s−1, and this value is in good agreement with previously reported values. The generation rates of H2O2, NO2 −, and NO3 − are estimated to be 7.70 × 10−7, 4.10 × 10−7, and 1.10 × 10−7 M s−1, respectively

Quantum Phase transition under pressure in a heavily hydrogen-doped iron-based superconductor LaFeAsO

Hydrogen (H)-doped LaFeAsO is a prototypical iron-based superconductor. However, its phase diagram extends beyond the standard framework, where a superconducting (SC) phase follows an antiferromagnetic (AF) phase upon carrier doping; instead, the SC phase is sandwiched between two AF phases appearing in lightly and heavily H-doped regimes. We performed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements under pressure, focusing on the second AF phase in the heavily H-doped regime. The second AF phase is strongly suppressed when a pressure of 3.0 GPa is applied, and apparently shifts to a highly H-doped regime, thereby a "bare" quantum critical point (QCP) emerges. A quantum critical regime emerges in a paramagnetic state near the QCP, however, the influence of the AF critical fluctuations to the SC phase is limited in the narrow doping regime near the QCP. The optimal SC condition ($T_c \sim$ 48 K) is unaffected by AF fluctuations

Expression of longitudinal third-order transport coefficient in terms of α parameters and its validity

The relation between the longitudinal third-order transport coefficient ω 3 contained in the continuity equation for electrons and α parameters defined by arrival-time spectra of an electron swarm is deduced. Values of ω 3 and the α parameters in CH4 gas and SF6 gas are calculated by Monte Carlo simulation, and then the values of ω 3 are compared with those of the longitudinal third-order transport coefficient ω\u273 which are calculated from the α parameters to examine the validity of the deduced relation. The values of ω\u273 are found to excellently agree with those of ω 3 below 500 Td in CH4 gas and from 150 Td to 700 Td in SF6 gas, where the values of the effective ionisation coefficient are nought or quite small. The results suggest that values of ω 3 can be obtained experimentally from arrival-time spectra measured by a double-shutter drift tube

Computational study on silicon oxide plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process using tetraethoxysilane/oxygen/argon/helium

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of silicon oxide (SiO2) using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) was investigated theoretically by developing an unprecedented plasma chemistry model in TEOS/O2/Ar/He gas mixture. In the gas phase reactions, a TEOS molecule is decomposed by the electron impact reaction and/or chemically oxidative reaction, forming intermediate TEOS fragments, i.e., silicon complexes. In this study, we assume that SiO is the main precursor that contributes to SiO2 film growth under a particular process or simulation condition. The surface reaction was also investigated using quantum mechanical simulations with density functional theory. Based on the gas and surface reaction models, we constructed a computational plasma model for SiO2 film deposition in a PECVD process. The simulation results using CHEMKIN pro and CFD-ACE + have shown that the neutral atomic O and SiO as well as the charged O2 + are the dominant species to obtain a high deposition rate and uniformity. The spatial distributions of various species in the TEOS/O2/Ar/He gas mixture plasma were shown in the study. The uniformity of deposited film due to the change in the plasma bulk property was also discussed

Dissociative reactions induced by electron impact and electron transport in TEOS vapor

Reactions for dissociative ionization and neutral dissociation collisions between an electron and a tetraethoxysilane [Si(OC2H5)4, TEOS] molecule are reported, and neutral dissociation cross sections are calculated by applying the classical Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel theory. Detailed electron collision cross section set of TEOS vapor, including 18 neutral dissociation cross sections and 20 ionization cross sections, is constructed. Electron transport coefficients, such as the mean-arrival-time drift velocity, bulk drift velocity, longitudinal bulk diffusion coefficient, and ionization coefficient, and rate coefficients for both elastic and inelastic collisions in TEOS vapor are calculated from the present cross section set using a Monte Carlo method. The validity of the present cross section set is demonstrated by comparing the calculated electron transport coefficients with measured data. Furthermore, fragmentation of TEOS molecules by electron impact is simulated, and then the number of fragments produced in the simulation is compared with the measured mass spectra

Lateralization, maturation, and anteroposterior topography in the lateral habenula revealed by ZIF268/EGR1 immunoreactivity and labeling history of neuronal activity

We report habenular lateralization in a simple transgenic mouse model used for labeling a facet of neuronal activity history. A transgenic construct comprised of a zif268/egr1 immediate-early gene promoter and a gene for normal Venus fluorescent protein with a membrane tag converted promoter activity into long-life fluorescent proteins, which was thought to describe a facet of neuronal activity history by summing neuronal activity. In addition to mapping the immediate-early gene-immunopositive cells, this method helped demonstrate the functionality of the lateral habenular nucleus (LHb). During postnatal development, the LHb was activated between postnatal days 10 and 16. The water-immersion restraint stress also activated the LHb over a similar period. LHb activation was functionally lateralized, but had no directional bias at the population level. Moreover, the posterior LHb was activated in the early stage after the stress, while the anterior LHb was activated in the later stage. Our results indicate lateralization, maturation, and anteroposterior topography of the LHb during postnatal development and the stress response

Chemotherapy with low-dose capecitabine as palliative treatment in a patient with metastatic breast cancer: a case report

Chemotherapeutic agents are rarely used for symptom management in patients under palliative care setting. This is because chemotherapeutic agents not only have limited efficacy in palliative treatment but are also known to exert severe adverse effects. We describe our experience with a patient with metastatic breast cancer who was successfully treated with low-dose capecitabine, without the development of any severe toxicities and with significant improvement in activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL)

Generation of four induced pluripotent stem cell lines (FHUi003-A, FHUi003-B, FHUi004-A and FHUi004-B) from two affected individuals of a familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus family

Four disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were respectively derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two affected individuals in a family affected by familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus carrying the c.314G>C mutation. The expression of pluripotency markers (NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2), maintenance of a normal karyotype, absence of episomal vectors used for iPSC generation, and presence of the original pathogenic mutation were confirmed for each iPSC line. The ability to differentiate into three germ layers was confirmed by a teratoma formation assay. These iPSC lines can help in disease recapitulation in vitro using organoids and elucidation of disease mechanisms

A Case of Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Transverse Colon: Evaluation of Proliferation Activity

Here, we report a colonic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in a middle-aged man above 40. A histologically similar second tumor was detected 2 years after initial surgery. The primary GIST, measuring 5.5 ? 6.0 cm, consisted of spindle tumor cells with a higher number of mitoses and Ki67 labeling index (about 20%) than those of the second tumor, implying a de novo GIST. These markers might be useful in evaluating malignant potential, as well as to differentiate between a de novo and a recurrent tumor in the colonic GIST