Effect of Planting Methods and Forage Crop Combinations on Fodder Productivity through Moisture Conservation

Out of 140.02 million ha cultivated area of the country, 76.76 million ha (54.82 %) is rainfed having soils with poor fertility and numerous physiochemical constraints. The productivity of animals is very low because of shortage of green fodder during most of the years. The poor feed quality and dry season feed shortage are the serious limitations for livestock production in rainfed areas & farmers maintain a large herd of animals to compensate for the low productivity of the livestock, which adds to the pressure on land and fodder resources (Pathak, 2005). Western Maharashtra region suffers from very low rainfall with uncertainty and ill distribution. Occurrence of drought noticed once in three years. The water scarcity and delayed monsoon are major problems of crop production. The efforts needed to increase production through suitable agro forestry system fit to the land, climate and resources. Incorporation of trees and bushes particularly of fodder values in agricultural production system through a systematic manner will help in providing sufficient fodder to the farmers without affecting arable crop yields (Deb Roy, 1994). Cenchrus ciliaris and Dichanthium anulatum are potential fast growing range grasses and having good regeneration capacity and can withstand moisture stress for fairly long time. Desmanthus, Siratro and Stylosanthes are legume fodder species which give nutritious fodder and could be grown under rainfed situations. Grasses and legume contributed to binding and soil stabilization due to their extensive root system. The overall impact of the soil conservation measures and pastoral systems resulted in increased infiltration rate, reduced soil loss and increased water stable aggregates. Therefore high productive, more palatable, perennial and persistent legumes like Stylosanthes and Desmanthus are thought to be the best suitable to overcome protein deficiency. Keeping the above points in view, the present study was undertaken to develop appropriate fodder production technology under rainfed conditions through moisture conservation

An Intelligent Traffic Light Controlling System

Traffic control is the big issue in today’s era. The management of traffic in India is also a tough job and only manual efforts can’t stop this kind of problem so we need machines. We need a system that can handle such a situation effectively. Today’s traffic control system is able to handle such a situation but not that much effectively because they are static in nature. We need a system which is dynamic in nature so that it can handle traffic smoothly and such a system called Intelligent Traffic control System. In this project we are creating the same dynamic traffic control system which has the ability to control the traffic as well as avoid the congestion of roads. In this project we are dealing with the traffic via image processing. Several traffic control approaches address the problem of reducing traffic jams. A class of them deals with coordination of traffic lights to allow vehicles traveling in a given direction. This project consists of webcam, processor & LCD display installed at each junction. Here each junction and its traffic lights behave like a social insect. Today’s traffic control systems are based on microcontroller and microprocessor. This has lots of limitation one of the predefine structure which can’t be handled by real time situation. The fuzzy logic control traffic system is described in 1995. The fuzzy logic controller follows the same pattern of schedule. Using the vehicle detection system the performance of the traffic control can be managed. Using different types of image processing algorithms the vehicle can be detected so on that bases the traffic lights can be switch. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15030

Using automated patch clamp electrophysiology platforms in pain-related ion channel research: insights from industry and academia

Automated patch clamp (APC) technology was first developed at the turn of the millennium. The increased throughput it afforded promised a new paradigm in ion channel recordings: it offered the potential to overcome the time-consuming, low-throughput bottleneck arising from manual patch clamp (MPC) investigations. This has relevance to the fast-paced development of novel therapies for chronic pain. This review highlights the advances in technology, using select examples, that have facilitated APC usage in both industry and academia. It covers both first generation and the latest developments in second-generation platforms. In addition, it also provides an overview of the pain research field and how APC platforms have furthered our understanding of ion channel research and the development of pharmacological tools and therapeutics. APC platforms have much to offer the ion channel research community and this review highlights areas of 'best practice' for both academia and industry. The impact of APC platforms and the prospects for chronic pain ion channel research and improved therapeutics will be evaluated

A Call Admission Control Scheme for Multimedia Support Over IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs

These days there is an increasing interest for VoIP over wireless LANs. QoS support for real-time services like voice in the IEEE 802.11 WLAN is an important issue. Since IEEE 802.11 uses contention based MAC protocol – the distributed coordination function DCF, it is difficult to support the strict QoS requirements for voice in these networks. In this thesis a call admission scheme called “CAC” is proposed to achieve this goal, without changing the basic channel access mechanism of IEEE 802.11. CAC scheme regulates the arriving traffic in the wireless network to efficiently coordinate the medium among the contending traffic sources so that the network operates at optimal point, supporting the QoS requirements as well as providing better channel utilization. In this proposal, majority of available bandwidth is allocated to voice sources and remaining small amount is allocated for non real-time data traffic. It is expected that the proposed CAC scheme can well support strict QoS requirements, such as high throughput and low delay at the same time achieve a high channel utilization

Nano-ZnO Catalyzed Green and Efficient One-Pot Four-Component Synthesis of Pyranopyrazoles

An efficient zinc oxide nanoparticle catalyzed one-pot, four-component synthesis of 6-amino-3-methyl-5-cyano-4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles from aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate, and hydrazine hydrate in aqueous medium is described. Since water was employed as the reaction medium, it serves as a green route for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles. The advantages associated with the present protocol include nonchromatographic purification technique, use of recyclable heterogeneous nano-ZnO catalyst in aqueous medium, and short reaction time. It combines successfully the synergistic effect of green chemistry with nanocatalysis

Economic valuation of cactus pear production in semi-arid regions of India

Dataset about cactus pear production and economic evaluation in India. The dataset is part of a survey series, targeting farmer planting cactus across 5 countries: Tunisia, India, Jordan, Mexico and Chile

Biophysical regulation of mouse embryonic stem cell fate and genomic integrity by feeder derived matrices

For maintaining pluripotency, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are typically grown on mitotically inactivated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). While the role of MEF conditioned media (MEFCM) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in regulating mESC pluripotency has led to culturing of mESCs on LIF/MEFCM supplemented gelatin-coated substrates, the role of physical interactions between MEFs and mESCs in regulating mESC pluripotency remains to be fully understood. Here, we address this question by characterizing the physicochemical properties of MEF derived matrices (MEFDMs), and probing their role in regulating mESC fate. We show that MEFDM composition and stiffness dictated by MEF contractility regulates mESC pluripotency by modulating mESC contractility through integrin-mediated mechanoadaptation. While baseline mESC pluripotency is maintained at early time points, activation of mESC contractility by LPA leads to drop in pluripotency levels. In contrast, addition of blebbistatin and LIF independently increases pluripotency by suppressing mechanoadaptation, highlighting the role of mechanoadaptation in regulating pluripotency and illustrating the role of LIF as a mechano-inhibitor in mESCs. Long-term culture of mESCs on MEFDMs under LIF-free conditions triggers loss of pluripotency, and induces ligand-dependent expression of the osteogenic transcription factor Runx2. Maintenance of genomic integrity (euploidy) on MEFDMs but not on gelatin-coated substrates, combined with the ability of MEFDMs in supporting LIF-free expansion and differentiation of mESCs, illustrates the suitability of MEFDMs for clinical and regenerative medicine applications. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved