Asian Modernity: Cricket in Princely States – Case Example of Dhruve Pandove Cricket Stadium cum Gymkhana Club Patiala, Punjab

The paper bringing about the certain changes, which were implies in Asian countries during the 18th century, when most part of these countries comes under British impact. Considering India only, the changes were not focusing only on the architectural style, but it was the entire process to structure the society in a better way. Britishers, by nature were very fond of recreation, entertainment, luxury in their life. Sports was one of the medium of their entertainment through which they interact among high societies. When cricket was introduced in India by Britishers, it was become most popular game among all the states. Maharajas of princely states were always try to copy the British life style, so they adopted cricket also with full obsession. Maharajas of Patiala, princely state Punjab along with their royal families, were in passionate lead to support Cricket as major sport (Majumdar, B. 2008). They had taken cricket to utmost priority and formed their own cricket grounds in Chail and Patiala. Maharaja Rajinder Singh, constructed a cricket ground and pavilion in 1890 in Patiala named as ‘Dhruve Pandove Stadium’ from where he initiated the cricket patronage (Sarkar, A. 2016). The pavilion is constructed in colonial style, which has given India a number of leading crickets, is still intact in good and working condition. Search Keywords for This Page Patiyala royal maharaja stadium, Maharaja patiala family tree, Chail stadium, Maharaja bhupinder singh book, State where eden garden cricket ground is located, Highest cricket ground above sea level in india, Maharaja rajinder singh, Maharaja yadavindra singh stadium, Chail cricket stadium, Rajinder singh crickete

Concurrent Access Algorithms for Different Data Structures: A Research Review

Algorithms refers to a finite set of steps, which when followed solves a number of problems and algorithams for concurrent data structure have gained attention in recent years as multi-core processors have become ubiquitous. Several features of shared-memory multiprocessors make concurrent data structures significantly more difficult to design and to verify as correct than their sequential counterparts. The primary source of this additional difficulty is concurrency. This paper provides an overview of the some concurrent access algorithms for different data structures. Keywords: concurrency, lock-free, non-blocking, mem-ory management, compares and swap, eliminatio

Investigation of Particle Velocity in an Inductively Coupled Plasma Facility

At the University of Vermont’s 30 kW Inductively Coupled Plasma Facility, an investigation was conducted to determine consistent and reliable particle velocity values. The study explored various techniques for velocity measurements, ultimately selecting the simple flow seeding method for experimental analysis. The experiment employed the Phantom v310 high-speed camera in combination with a specialized sampling probe. Various forms of carbon, including FiberForm, Lamp Black Powder, and graphite, were tested as seeding materials. The findings indicated that FiberForm and Lamp Black Powder produced the most distinguishable velocity streaks or particles. Both methods generated velocity values that were in agreement with each other and the velocity magnitude was approximately 45 m/s

Role of hysterosalpingography and diagnostic laparoscopy in infertility

Background: Infertility is one of the commonest problems encountered in gynecology. Improved familiarity with and access to infertility services among the affluent and better educated patients probably accounts for their greater use of the medical resources. The two most important diagnostic procedures which are used for evaluation of infertility are hysterosalpingography (HSG) and laparoscopy.Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 patients with infertility after meeting inclusion criteria in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Radio-diagnosis, in Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala over a period of 18 months. All the patients were examined by HSG as part of their routine infertility evaluation, three months after HSG, status were assessed by laparoscopy. All the data collected were presented in terms of frequencies and percentage. Chi-square and p value were calculated in excel. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The study included 50 female patients with infertility. Among them 34 (68%) patients belonged to primary infertility and 16 (32%) belongs to secondary infertility. 58% of patients were in the age group between 20-25 years, 28% in between 26-30 and 14% with age above 30 years. Maximum number of cases 29 (58%) had duration of infertility between 1-5 years. Of the 50 patients, 31 cases had normal HSG findings and 19 cases had abnormal findings. 15 patients were dropped from the study during the period of laparoscopy. On laparoscopy 7 (20%) patients were observed with uterine abnormalities, 15 (43%) with tubal factors, 10 (29%) with ovarian defects, 7 (20%) with peritoneal factors and 4 (11%) with unknown etiology. On HSG and laparoscopy 7 patients had shown some complications.Conclusions: Although laparoscopy is a superior method of detection of tubal and pelvic pathologies in the evaluation of infertility, HSG is more economical, highly sensitive and elementary method, suitable for evaluation of endometrial and tubal pathologies. These two methods are not alternative but are complimentary techniques

Distant desire : the theme of friendship in E.M. Forster's fiction

This thesis places Forster's fiction in the homosexual tradition of English literature and presents, for the first time, a full exposition of the homoerotic motifs in each of Forster's novels. Homoerotic desire has been only partially recognized in Forster's texts, but as the following chapters show the desire for male love is pervasive and affects the structure and techniques of Forster's writing. Homoerotic desire in Forster's fiction attaches to the ideal of friendship and the theme of friendship is invariably connected with the metaphor of journey. Forster uses the metaphor of journey to transport his narratives beyond the confines of English middle-class values to a region where relations between men are acceptable. A homosexual reading of Forster's texts has several implications for his work. Firstly, it emerges that Forster's novels are covert texts which convey the ideal of male love evasively, by strategies of deferment and delay. Secondly, the author's interest in another country, Italy or India, is not for the sake of those countries but allied to homoerotic desire. Lastly, for all the apparent dissimilarities between them, all of Forster's novels variously approach homoerotic desire; the themes of journey and friendship are common to all the novels. The chapters of this thesis demonstrate the way homoerotic desire operates in Forster's narratives. This involves a close reading of the text and an alertness to the novelist's manipulation of language. The thesis reinterprets passages from Forster's novels that previously have either been overlooked or dismissed as obscure. Forster's treatment of homoerotic love in all his novels, except Maurice, is problematic. The narrator's attempts to conceal the real tendency of his narratives creates a tension between the explicit statements and the undercurrents in his texts. The conflict is never resolved, but it gives the novels the odd, peculiar quality that is characteristic of Forster's writing. Forster occupies a unique, if dubious position, in English literature as a homosexual writer whose work has been entirely assimilated into the mainstream, heterosexual tradition

A Comparative Study of the Grounds for Divorce in Hindu Law and English Law.

Chapter I is an introduction of the subject. Chapter II deals with the nature of Hindu marriage and investigates the question whether divorce as such was recognised by the dharmasastra. Chapter III gives a brief outline of the history of divorce in England. Chapter IV interprets the terms 'adultery' and 'living in adultery' against the social background of Hindu and English society. It also considers the question of evidence and the standard of proof. Chapter V discusses the concept of desertion and its ingredients by reference to case law. It explains the defence of 'just cause' including what amounts to a 'grave and weighty' matter for the purpose of desertion and its relation to cruelty. Chapter VI defines 'cruelty'; how the concept of cruelty has changed from time to time; the effect of insanity in relation to cruelty and the protection of the aggrieved spouse. The effect of offences committed by the guilty spouse against third parties. Chapter VII deals with insanity as a ground for divorce and the test to be applied in such a case. The difference between the Hindu and English statutes regarding insanity. Chapter VIII investigates the circumstances leading to presumption of death and dissolution of marriage including the burden of proof in such a case. Chapter IX defines grounds for divorce available only to the wife. Chapter X deals with grounds for divorce peculiar to Hindu law. These include renunciation of the world, conversion to another religion, suffering from leprosy and venereal disease, second marriage of the husband (where the second marriage took place before the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955) as a ground for divorce available to a Hindu wife. Divorce on the grounds of failure to comply with a decree for restitution of conjugal rights and non-resumption of cohabitation for a period of two years or upwards after a decree of judicial separation has been passed, has also been considered

An exploratory study on prevalence of self-medication among the students of selected university, Rajpura, Punjab

Background: Self-medication is defined as the use of non-prescription drugs by an individual for the treatment of self-diagnosed ailments. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of self-medication and to explore the factors leading to self-medication among the students of selected university. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of self-medication among students, to explore the factors leading to self-medication among students, and to find out the association between the prevalence of self-medication and selected socio-demographic variables.Methods: It was an exploratory design. 500 students were selected by using a convenient sampling method. Students of selected university were included in the study to assist the prevalence of self-medication and to explore the factors leading to self-medication. A self- structured questionnaire was used for collecting data.Result: Self-medication was reported by 88.4% of students. The most common ailment for which self-medication is being taken was pain (84.40%) followed by respiratory (83.80%). Most students take self-medication occasionally (77.30%). Only 5.40% of students take self-medication daily. The most common factor which leads to self-medication in students was confidence in self-medication (83.4%) followed by family and friend’s advice (82.0%). There was no association between socio-demographic variables and the prevalence of self-medication except association seen with gender.Conclusion: The study concluded that the prevalence of self-medication in students of selected university was 88.4% and self-confidence is the most common factor which leads to self-medication. Self-medication is an important issue among students

Manipulation of shade and plant density for enhanced production of cut-foliage in Ruscus hypophyllum L.

Cut foliage are deep green with long lasting and evergreen properties which are commonly preferred by the floral industry as accents in floral arrangements. Ruscus hypophyllum L. is one of the commercially produced cut foliage material for making good line, filler and mass material in making floral arrangements. It requires shade for growth. Experiments were conducted with the objectives to find out optimum shade levels and planting density. The rhizomes were planted in factonal randomized block design under three shade levels ( 0, 50% and 75%) and three plant spacing (30x30 cm, 30x40 cm, 30x50cm) with planting density of 18, 15, and 12 plants per m2, respectively. It was observed that different shade levels and plant spacings exhibited significant effect on plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf size and number of stems harvested per plant. The plants were recorded tallest under 75 % shade levels and 30x30 cm plant spacing (61.30cm and 54.48 cm, respectively). The number of leaves produced per plant were maximum (69.99) under 75% shade, however, number of leaves per plant were maximum under 30x30cm spacing. Among various shade levels, 75% shade level resulted in maximum number of cut stems (16.28) that was at par with 50% shade level (16.08). However, the cut stems harvested per plant were recorded maximum (16.67) under 30x30cm spacing. From the results obtained, it was concluded that Ruscus hypophyllum grown under 75% shade level with 30x30 cm spacing and planting density of 18 plants per m2, produced maximum yield of cut stems with longer stem length