Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements.

Accurately quantifying species' area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area-based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on the previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home-range areas with global positioning system (GPS) locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4000 kg. We then applied blockcross validation to quantify bias in empirical home range estimates. Area requirements of mammals 1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changedsubstantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum

Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements

Accurately quantifying species’ area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area‐based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home‐range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home‐range areas with GPS locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4,000 kg. We then applied block cross‐validation to quantify bias in empirical home‐range estimates. Area requirements of mammals 1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changed substantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum

Acceptor dependent structural, microstructural and dielectric properties of PbTiO3 nano-particles

Substituted lead titanate PbTi1-xNixO3 nano-particles (1 and 4 mol% Ni content) were synthesized by simple metallo-organic decomposition (MOD) method annealed at 700 degrees C for 3 h. Such type of doping will generally generate oxygen vacancies in the ceramic material and have application in microwave and solar cell devices. Structural properties were studied from XRD pattern and it confirms the formation of single tetragonal phase. Increased tetragonal distortion in crystal structure with the doping of Ni ions is depicted from XRD pattern and was the consequence of ionic radii mismatching between substituting atoms. Calculated average crystallite size values were 28 nm and 37 nm for PNT1 and PNT4 respectively. This pattern was supported by TEM images having a particle size 33 nm and 42 nm for PNT1 and PNT4 respectively. Absence of organic functional groups and formation of M-O bonds was illustrated from FTIR spectrum. Frequency dependent dielectric properties were studied in the range approximate to 0.075-10 MHz at 300 K. Its results revealed the improvement in dispersion less behavior up to high frequency range similar to 6 MHz. The slight increase in dielectric loss value (tan delta approximate to 0.0011) for PNT4 attributed to occurrence of oxygen vacancies in ceramic material due to Ni doping. The temperature dependent dielectric response was measured maximum at 100 KHz. Values of DC resistivity (rho) for PNT1 and PNT4 were measured 258.5 and 181.6 Omega-cm x 10(9) respectively

Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements

Accurately quantifying species’ area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area-based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home-range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on the previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home-range areas with global positioning system (GPS) locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4000 kg. We then applied block cross-validation to quantify bias in empirical home-range estimates. Area requirements of mammals 1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changed substantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum.publishedVersio