Mammals of the campus of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

O estudo foi desenvolvido no Campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), localizado na Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul, no bioma Pampa. Aqui uma listagem de mamíferos é apresentada e são discutidas a ocupação espacial e estratégias de conservação da mastofauna local. Entre novembro de 2001 e outubro de 2002 foram registradas 26 espécies nativas e duas espécies exóticas (Lepus europaeus e Mus musculus) de mamíferos, distribuídas em 14 famílias. A maioria das espécies registradas apresenta ampla distribuição, é comumente associada a áreas abertas e apresenta tolerância a distúrbios antrópicos. Entretanto, também foram registradas espécies consideradas raras ou ameaçadas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Lontra longicaudis, Monodelphis dimidiata e Nyctinomops laticaudatus), para as quais são sugeridas estratégias de conservação. A baixa diversidade de espécies registrada no Campus pode estar relacionada à forte pressão de modificações antrópicas, à pequena extensão da área estudada ou a fatores históricos, já que a área de estudo é originalmente campestre (Pampa), tipo de ambiente que abriga menor diversidade de mamíferos que áreas de florestas nativas.The study was conducted in the Campus of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), which is located in the Central Depression of Rio Grande do Sul State, in the Pampa biome. Here, a mammal list is presented and spatial occupation and conservation strategies of local mammals are discussed. Between November 2001 and October 2002, 26 native species and two exotic species of mammals (Lepus europaeus and Mus musculus) were recorded, representing 14 families. Most recorded species presents wide distribution, is likely associated to open environments and is tolerant to human disturbances. However, we also recorded three species that are considered rare or threatened in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Lontra longicaudis, Monodelphis dimidiata and Nyctinomops laticaudatus), for which conservation strategies are recommended. The low species richness recorded in the Campus can be related to the strong pressure of human disturbances, to the small extension of the studied area or to historical factors, as the studied area is originally a grassland (Pampa), a type of environment containing a lower mammalian diversity than native forests

Factors influencing spatial and temporal structure of frog assemblages at ponds in southeastern Brazil

Kopp, Katia, Eterovick, Paula C. (2006): Factors influencing spatial and temporal structure of frog assemblages at ponds in southeastern Brazil. Journal of Natural History 40 (29-31): 1813-1830, DOI: 10.1080/00222930601017403, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022293060101740

Experimental comparison of clinically used ion beams for imaging applications using a range telescope

In particle therapy, the x-ray based treatment planning converting photon attenuation values to relative stopping power ratio (RSP) introduces clinically relevant range uncertainties. Recently, novel imaging technologies using transmission ion beams have been investigated to directly assess the water equivalent thickness (WET) of tissue, showing improved accuracy in RSP reconstruction, while potentially reducing the imaging dose. Due to their greater availability, protons have been mostly used for ion imaging. To this end, in this work, the influence of three ion species (protons, helium and carbon ions) on the image quality of radiographic WET retrieval has been explored with a dedicated experimental setup and compared to Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Three phantom setups with different tissue interfaces and features have been irradiated with clinically validated proton, helium and carbon ion pencil beams under comparable imaging dose and beam settings at the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center. Ion radiographies (iRADs) were acquired with an integration mode detector, that functions as a range telescope with 61 parallel plate ionization chambers. For comparison, experiments were reproduced in-silico with FLUKA MC simulations. Carbon ions provide iRADs with highest image quality in terms of normalized root mean square error, followed by helium ions and protons. All ions show similar capabilities of resolving WET for the considered phantoms, as shown by the similar average relative error < 3%. Besides for the slab phantom, MC simulations yielded better results than the experiment, indicating potential improvement of the experimental setup. Our results showed that the ability to resolve the WET is similar for all particles, intrinsically limited by the granularity of the detector system. While carbon ions are best suited for acquiring iRADs with the investigated integration mode detector, helium ions are put forward as a less technical challenging alternative

Temporal distribution and diversity of reproductive modes in anuran amphibians in the Emas National Park and surrounding area, state of Goiás, Brazil

Submitted by Franciele Moreira ([email protected]) on 2017-07-13T19:18:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Katia Kopp - 2010.pdf: 521831 bytes, checksum: 5d66e687786367b5c3169e863a50fdf6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-07-14T12:05:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Katia Kopp - 2010.pdf: 521831 bytes, checksum: 5d66e687786367b5c3169e863a50fdf6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-07-14T12:07:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Katia Kopp - 2010.pdf: 521831 bytes, checksum: 5d66e687786367b5c3169e863a50fdf6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-14T12:07:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Katia Kopp - 2010.pdf: 521831 bytes, checksum: 5d66e687786367b5c3169e863a50fdf6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09As comunidades de anfíbios anuros, principalmente de regiões tropicais, são influenciadas diretamente pelas condições ambientais, as quais desempenham um papel importante na estruturação e regulação das comunidades. Esse estudo teve como objetivo determinar a diversidade de modos reprodutivos, a temporada de vocalização e testar a correlação das variáveis climáticas sobre a riqueza, a abundância dos anuros adultos e dos girinos e sobre a atividade de vocalização dos machos em 12 corpos d’água localizados no interior e entorno do Parque Nacional das Emas, sudoeste do estado de Goiás, Brasil. Foram realizadas 16 amostragens entre dezembro de 2005 e março de 2008. Um total de 25 espécies de cinco famílias foram registradas: Bufonidae (uma espécie), Hylidae (nove espécies), Leptodactylidae (oito espécies), Leiuperidae (seis espécies) e Microhylidae (uma espécie). Quatro padrões de atividade reprodutiva foram reconhecidos entre as espécies: contínuo, intermediário, prolongado e explosivo. A riqueza de anuros adultos, a abundância e atividade de vocalização dos machos foram positivamente relacionadas com a temperatura do ar, umidade e precipitação. A riqueza de girinos foi positivamente relacionada com a precipitação e com a temperatura da água, mas não houve relação da abundância de girinos com nenhum dos descritores climáticos. Foram registrados seis modos reprodutivos: 56% das espécies apresentaram modos reprodutivos aquáticos generalizados (modo 1 e 4), e 44% depositam os ovos em ninhos de espuma (modos 11, 13, 30 e 32). As espécies registradas no presente estudo apresentaram predominância de modos reprodutivos generalizados e padrão reprodutivo tipicamente associado ao período quente e chuvoso, como esperado para regiões tropicais sazonais. Entretanto, a segregação temporal entre grupos de espécies dentro do período chuvoso parece facilitar a coexistência de espécies generalistas típicas de áreas abertas e/ou antrópicas.The communities of anuran amphibians, especially in tropical regions, are directly influenced by environmental conditions, which play an important role in structuring and regulating communities. This study aimed to determine the diversity of reproductive modes, season of vocalization and to test correlation among climatic variables and richness, abundance of adult frogs and tadpoles, and activity of vocalization of males in 12 water bodies located in and around the Emas National Park, southwestern state of Goiás, Brazil. Sixteen samples were carried out between December 2005 and March 2008. A total of 25 species from five families were recorded: Bufonidae (one species), Hylidae (nine species), Leptodactylidae (eight species), Leiuperidae (six species) and Microhylidae (one species). Four patterns of reproductive activity were recognized among the species: continuous, intermediate, long and explosive. The richness of adult frogs, the abundance and activity of the calling males were positively related to air temperature, humidity and precipitation. The richness of tadpoles was positively related to precipitation and water temperature, but there was no relationship between the abundance of tadpoles with no descriptors of climate. Six reproductive modes were recorded, 56% of species had widespread aquatic reproductive modes (mode 1 and 4) and 44% deposit eggs in nests of foam (modes 11, 13, 30 and 32). The species recorded in this study showed a predominance of reproductive modes and general reproductive pattern typically associated with the warm and rainy period, as expected for tropical and seasonal regions. However, the temporal segregation between groups of species within the rainy season seems to facilitate the coexistence of generalist species typical of open and/or anthropogenic areas

Geoprocessamento como um instrumento para a gestão dos recursos hídricos e gestão territorial nas microbacias Foz Ribeirão dos Pereiras/Rio Anicuns e Microbacia Ribeirão dos Pereiras - Goiás

The water systems although essential for maintain life, have been negatively impacted by human action. The complexity of interactions between use and occupation of land and water resources makes imminent the necessity for integrated management. Therefore it is necessary to know the local potential of the region and the way that man has used it, so that guidelines be applied water management and territorial management, with technical criteria which ensure the sustainable exploitation of the region. Aiming at contributing to the integration between water management and territorial management/environmental, this study aims to evaluate the use of Geoprocessing through an analysis exploratory of uses and occupations of the soil and its possible effects on water resources. This study was done in Foz Ribeirão Pereiras/Anicuns River Microbasin and the Ribeirão Pereiras Microbasin located in the State of Goiás, more precisely in the South-Central region. Were analyzed maps of the road network, types and land uses. This allowed the use of Geoprocessing as a tool data collection and decision making addition to allowing the knowledge of the potential impacts on water resources in these microbasins, which are intimately related to agricultural and pecuaria exploitation. Thus the data generated in this study can serve as subsidies to environmental agencies make decisions about the preservation of these areas.Pages: 4601-460