FOTOTOXICKÝ VLIV PORFYRINOVÝCH SENSITIZERŮ A VIDITELNÉHO ZÁŘENÍ NA GRAM-POZITIVNÍ METHICILIN-REZISTENTNÍ KMEN S. AUREUS

The use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as a therapeutic modality for the treatment of localized microbial infections represents an developing new field. The emergence of strains resistant to antibiotics has provided the necessary impulse for new drug or technology discoveries to combat these resistant compounds. Although the aPDT is still in infancy, its need is still growing. Like PDT, main components of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy are appropriate light, dye called photosensitizer and created reactive oxygen species. In this article photosensitizers TMPyP and ZnTPPS4 are investigated for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. We tested these porphyrins on bacterial methicilin – resistant strain MRSA alone and bound in complex created with hp-β-cyclodextrin. The light emitting diodes (414 nm) were used at the doses 0 and 150 J/cm2. Tested concentrations were from 0.78 to 100 μM. This experimental work predicated that TMPyP is very successful compound in aPDT. In contrary to ZnTPPS4 which was efficient for eradication of tested gram-positive bacteria only in higher concentrations

Effects of Multi-Component Mixtures from Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent on Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) under Fully Realistic Condition.

This study characterized changes in biomarker responses in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) upon exposure to effluent water discharged from a sewage treatment plant (STP) under real conditions. Fish were exposed to contamination in Cezarka pond, which receives all of its water input from the STP in the town of Vodnany, Czech Republic. Five sampling events were performed at day 0, 30, 90, 180, and 360 starting in April 2015. In total, 62 pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) were detected in the polar organic chemical integrative sampler. Compared to a control pond, the total concentration of PPCPs was 45, 16, 7, and 7 times higher in Cezarka pond at day 30, 90, 180, and 360, respectively. The result of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme biomarkers indicated alterations in the liver and intestine tissues of fish from Cezarka pond at day 30 and 360, respectively. High plasma vitellogenin levels were observed in both exposed females (180 and 360 days) and males (360 days) compared with their respective controls. However, only exposed female fish had higher vitellogenin mRNA expression than the control fish in these periods. Exposed female fish showed irregular structure of the ovary with scattered oocytes, which further developed to a vitellogenic stage at day 360. Low white blood cell levels were indicated in all exposed fish. Despite numerous alterations in exposed fish, favorable ecological conditions including high availability of food resulted in a better overall condition of the exposed fish after 1 year of exposure compared to the controls

Assessing requirements and concerns of potential users of automated driving services progressed by Internet of Things using a co-designer approach

Road vehicles are becoming increasingly automated and connected due to rapid technological progress and digitalization trends. Vehicle connectivity might improve automated driving (AD) in various ways. While the benefits of convergence of sensor-based technologies and connected-vehicle communications are relatively well analyzed from technological, economical, and legal perspective in recent works, assessing user acceptance remains a challengeable task as many of the benefits of this convergence are not directly observable by the users. This study provides early insights on expectations, requirements and concerns of potential users of AD progressed by Internet of Things solutions based on an online survey conducted in eight European countries. It is a part of the European project AUTOPILOT where different use cases of AD progressed by Internet of Things (IoT) are developed and tested. This contribution summarizes the main results from the survey and discusses their implication for the development of the technology considering the user perspective

'What kind of development are we talking about?' : a virtual roundtable with Tsitsi Chataika, Nilika Mehrotra, Karen Soldatic and Katerina Kolarova

This roundtable seeks to discuss the ways in which the notion of development is informed by normative devaluations of disabled and racialised lives. The participants come together as scholars who are engaging with disability in and from very different geo-political locations and positionalities. We discuss the ways in which ideologies of development seep into epistemologies of disability, transnational disability policies, formations of politicised communities of disabled people and their political alliances with other marginalised groups

Study of photodynamic, sonodynamic and antioxidative influence on HeLa cell line

19-28Photodynamic treatment (PDT) in combination with sonodynamic treatment (SDT) can be used as suitable methods to treat malignant and benign diseases or combat resistant bacteria. Both methods affect the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the other hand, antioxidants are useful for cell protection against ROS. This work was aimed to study the effect of PDT and SDT treatments on the HeLa cell line using antioxidant Pronalen Sensitive Skin® as a protection from free radicals in the cells. We evaluated the effect of sensitizer ClAlPcS2 using battery of in vitro methods, including MTT assay, kinetic production of ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential change, type of cell death and microscopic analysis. Ultrasound treatment was observed to increase the production of ROS, only in combination with PDT, particularly at higher concentrations of ClAlPcS2. The added antioxidant acts as protection against free radicals and has potential as a dietary supplement against aging or free radicals. The results of study suggested that ClAlPcS2 could be used as a potential photosensitizer for treatment of a specific type of cancers

INTERACTION OF HISTORICAL LEAD GLAZES WITH CORROSIVE MEDIA

Lead glasses and glazes are often discussed in terms of degradation processes in connection with their wide use in the field of cultural heritage in historical objects of low-fired glazed ceramics and historical glasses. This work is focused on the evaluation of the interaction of lead glazes with a corrosive media simulating environment of waste pits, deposits and possibly inappropriate conservation interventions. The first part of the experiment contains surface characterisation of several archaeological fragments of glazed ceramics. Two model lead silicate fritted glazes for corrosion tests were prepared based on their compositions. A system based on nitric acid solution simulates nitrates in the soil that surround the archaeological finds, and the aqueous solution of acetic acid represents corrosion in complex organic acids and humic acids. The concentration of Pb and Si was determined in corrosive solution by AAS. Precipitates were identified by optical microscopy (OM) and were examined via XRD and SEM-EDS analyses. Vibrational spectroscopy (ATR, Raman) proved that the proportion of Pb representing a function of network former decreases with time. The shift to higher wavelengths indicates a change in Q motifs in the glass structure of the glaze frits or a glass network transition from a Si-O-Pb-O-Si towards a Si-O-Si glass network