2,132 research outputs found
Theoretical transition frequencies beyond 0.1 ppb accuracy in H, HD, and antiprotonic helium
We present improved theoretical calculations of transition frequencies for
the fundamental transitions in the
hydrogen molecular ions H and HD with a relative uncertainty
and for the two-photon transitions in the antiprotonic helium
atom with a relative uncertainty . To do that, the one-loop
self-energy correction of order is derived in the two
Coulomb center approximation, and numerically evaluated in the case of the
aforementioned transitions. The final results also include a complete set of
other spin-independent corrections of order . The leading order
corrections of are also considered
that allows to estimate a magnitude of yet uncalculated contributions.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure, to be submitted to PR
Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies of structural variations in minerals from Apollo 11, 12, 14 and 15 samples, volume 3
Infrared and Raman vibrational spectroscopic data, yielding direct information on molecular structure, were obtained for single grains ( 150 microns) of minerals, basalts, and glasses isolated from Apollo 11, 12, 14, and 15 rock and dust samples, and for grains in Apollo 14 polished butt samples. From the vibrational data, specification substitutions were determined for the predominant silicate minerals of plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine. Unique spectral variations for grains of K-feldspar, orthopyroxene, pyroxenoid, and ilmenite were observed to exceed the ranges of terrestrial samples, and these variations may be correlatable with formation histories. Alpha-quartz was isolated as pure single grains, in granitic grains composited with sanidine, and in unique grains that were intimately mixed with varying amounts of glass. Accessory minerals of chromite and ulvospinel were isolated as pure grains and structurally characterized from their distinctive infrared spectra. Fundamental vibrations of the SiO4 tetrahedra in silicate minerals were used to classify bulk compositions in dust sieved fractions, basalt grains and glass particles, and to compare modal characteristics for maria, highland and rille samples. No hydrated minerals were found in any of the samples studied, indicating anhydrous formation conditions
Numerical approach to the Schrodinger equation in momentum space
The treatment of the time-independent Schrodinger equation in real-space is
an indispensable part of introductory quantum mechanics. In contrast, the
Schrodinger equation in momentum space is an integral equation that is not
readily amenable to an analytical solution and is rarely taught. We present a
numerical approach to the Schrodinger equation in momentum space. After a
suitable discretization process, we obtain the Hamiltonian matrix and
diagonalize it numerically. By considering a few examples, we show that this
approach is ideal for exploring bound-states in a localized potential and
complements the traditional (analytical or numerical) treatment of the
Schrodinger equation in real-space.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, several changes and one figure correctio
Emission-line Helium Abundances in Highly Obscured Nebulae
This paper outlines a way to determine the ICF using only infrared data. We
identify four line pairs, [NeIII] 36\micron/[NeII] 12.8\micron,
[NeIII]~15.6\micron /[NeII] 12.8\micron, [ArIII] 9\micron/[ArII]
6.9\micron, and [ArIII] 21\micron/[ArII] 6.9\micron, that are sensitive
to the He ICF. This happens because the ions cover a wide range of ionization,
the line pairs are not sensitive to electron temperature, they have similar
critical densities, and are formed within the He/H region of the
nebula. We compute a very wide range of photoionization models appropriate for
galactic HII regions. The models cover a wide range of densities, ionization
parameters, stellar temperatures, and use continua from four very different
stellar atmospheres.
The results show that each line pair has a critical intensity ratio above
which the He ICF is always small. Below these values the ICF depends very
strongly on details of the models for three of the ratios, and so other
information would be needed to determine the helium abundance. The [Ar III]
9\micron/[ArII] 6.9\micron ratio can indicate the ICF directly due to the
near exact match in the critical densities of the two lines. Finally, continua
predicted by the latest generation of stellar atmospheres are sufficiently hard
that they routinely produce significantly negative ICFs.Comment: Accepted by PASP. Scheduled for the October 1999 issue. 11 pages, 5
figure
Evaluation of binomial double sums involving absolute values
We show that double sums of the form can always be
expressed in terms of a linear combination of just four functions, namely
, , , and , with
coefficients that are rational in . We provide two different proofs: one is
algorithmic and uses the second author's computer algebra package Sigma; the
second is based on complex contour integrals. In many instances, these results
are extended to double sums of the above form where is
replaced by with independent parameter .Comment: AmS-LaTeX, 42 pages; substantial revision: several additional and
more general results, see Proposition 11 and Theorems 15-1
Task-Specific Ionic Liquids for Mars Exploration (Green Chemistry for a Red Planet)
Ionic Liquids (ILs) are organic salts with low melting points that are liquid at or near room temperature. The combinations of available ions and task-specific molecular designability make them suitable for a huge variety of tasks. Because of their low flammability, low vapor pressure, and stability in harsh environments (extreme temperatures, hard vacuum) they are generally much safer and "greener" than conventional chemicals and are thus suitable for a wide range of applications that support NASA exploration goals. This presentation describes several of the ongoing applications that are being developed at MSFC
Static Safety for an Actor Dedicated Process Calculus by Abstract Interpretation
The actor model eases the definition of concurrent programs with non uniform
behaviors. Static analysis of such a model was previously done in a data-flow
oriented way, with type systems. This approach was based on constraint set
resolution and was not able to deal with precise properties for communications
of behaviors. We present here a new approach, control-flow oriented, based on
the abstract interpretation framework, able to deal with communication of
behaviors. Within our new analyses, we are able to verify most of the previous
properties we observed as well as new ones, principally based on occurrence
counting
A bone grease processing station at the Mitchell Prehistoric Indian Village: archaeological evidence for the exploitation of bone fats
© Association for Environmental Archaeology 2015. Author's accepted manuscript version deposited in accordance with SHERPA RoMEO guidelines. The definitive version is available at http://www.maneyonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/1749631414Y.0000000035.Recent excavations at the Mitchell Prehistoric Indian Village, an Initial Middle Missouri site in Mitchell, South Dakota have revealed a large, clay-lined feature filled with fractured and fragmented bison bones. Fracture and fragmentation analysis, along with taphonomic evidence, suggests that the bones preserved within the feature represent evidence of prehistoric bone marrow and bone grease exploitation. Further, the character of the feature suggests that it served as a bone grease processing station. Bone fat exploitation is an activity that is frequently cited as a causal explanation for the nature of many fractured and fragmented bone assemblages in prehistory, and zooarchaeological assemblages have frequently been studied as evidence of bone fat exploitation. The Mitchell example provides some of the first direct, in-situ archaeological evidence of a bone grease processing feature, and this interpretation is sustained by substantial analytical evidence suggesting bone fat exploitation. This new evidence provides a clearer concept of the nature of bone fat exploitation in prehistory as well as an indication of the scale and degree to which bone grease exploitation occurred at the Mitchell site. Finally, this research demonstrates the importance of careful zooarchaeological and taphonomic analysis for the interpretation of both artifactual remains as well as archaeological features
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