Reincidência de gravidez em adolescentes Subsequent pregnancy among adolescents

OBJETIVO: avaliar os aspectos epidemiológicos na reincidência de gravidez na adolescência. MÉTODOS: estudo de coorte que incluiu 187 adolescentes grávidas, atendidas e acompanhadas durante cinco anos após o parto em um serviço de atendimento de adolescentes do Estado do Ceará. Foram analisados: faixa etária, estar ou não estudando, morar com os pais, escolaridade, condição marital e condição do companheiro atual. Os dados foram digitados e analisados no programa EPI-INFO. Foram feitas análises estatísticas das variáveis independentes (idade, escolaridade, estudar, trabalhar, morar com os pais, estado civil e mudança de parceiro) e comparadas quanto à variável dependente (ter ou não uma nova gravidez cinco anos depois). O teste exato de Fisher foi utilizado para avaliar associação entre os fatores que poderiam influenciar a repetição da gravidez, considerado como tendo associação quando o p<0,05. Foram calculados os riscos relativos para a escolaridade, condição marital e mudança de parceiro por serem fatores que se mostraram significativos para a reincidência de gravidez. RESULTADOS: foi verificado que 61% das adolescentes engravidaram nos cinco anos seguintes ao primeiro parto. Não foram fatores protetores: idade, estudar, trabalhar ou morar com os pais. Entretanto, quando as adolescentes tinham oito anos ou menos de escolaridade, o risco de engravidar quase duplicou (risco relativo (RR)=1,8 (IC95%=1,3-2,6)). Novas gestações foram mais frequentes entre as solteiras sem companheiro estável (RR=1,3 (IC95%=1,1-1,6)) e aquelas que mudaram de parceiro (RR=1,4 (IC95%=1,1-1,7)). CONCLUSÕES: a baixa escolaridade, a mudança de parceiros e uniões não estáveis foram fatores de risco para reincidência de gravidez.<br>PURPOSE: to evaluate epidemiological aspects in recurrent adolescence pregnancy. METHODS: cohort study including 187 pregnant adolescents attended and followed-up for five years after delivery in an adolescent's attendance service in Ceará state. Age group, being or not at school, living with parents, schooling, marital status and the present partner's condition were analyzed. Data were processed by the EPI-INFO program. Statistical analysis of the independent variables (age, schooling, being at school, having a job, living with parents, marital status and switching partners) was done and compared to the dependent variable (being or not pregnant after five years). The Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the association among factors which could influence the pregnancy recurrence, the association being present when p<0.05. Risks related to schooling, marital status and multiple partners have been calculated, since these were significant factors for pregnancy recurrence. RESULTS: 61% of the adolescents got pregnant in the five years after the first delivery. Factors such as age, school, work or living with parents were not protective. Nevertheless, when the adolescents had eight or less years of schooling, the risk of getting pregnant has almost duplicated (relative risk (RR)=1.8 (CI95%=1.3-2.6)). New pregnancies were more frequent among the single adolescents without a stable partner (RR=1.3 (CI95%=1.1-1.6) and among the ones who had multiple partners (RR=1.4 (CI95%=1.1-1.7)). CONCLUSIONS: low schooling, multiple partners and non-stable bonds were risk factors for pregnancy recurrence

Mitochondrial glutathione peroxidase (OsGPX3) has a crucial role in rice protection against salt stress

Rice is one of the world's most important crops and an excellent model system for understanding the interaction between genes and environmental changes. However, its productivity is often challenged by abiotic stresses, which results in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Glutathione peroxidases are part of the mechanism by which plants face oxidative stress. These enzymes can control redox homeostasis and also play a role in redox signaling. Here, we investigate the role of rice GPX3 in plant responses to salt stress using OsGPX3-RNAi silenced rice plants (GPX3s). Our results indicate that GPX3s plants are more sensitive to salinity showing decreased biomass, CO 2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO 2 partial pressure. Moreover, these plants present significant damage to photosystem II activity and decline in chlorophyll content. Salt stress induced ROS accumulation in both non-transformed (NT) and GPX3s plants, indicating that GPX3s sensibility to salt stress was not due to the significant impairment in redox equilibrium. Together, these results show GPX3 importance in rice to achieve salt stress tolerance via an independent ROS-scavenger mechanism. Moreover, it also provides new light into the cross-talk between chloroplasts and mitochondria, suggesting a novel role to this enzyme beyond its role as ROS-scavenger

Correlação da segmentação arterial esplênica com a anatomia de superfície

OBJETIVO: A presente pesquisa objetivou aferir a localização, a quantidade e as dimensões dos segmentos arteriais do baço, bem como sua relação com a anatomia de superfície. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 19 baços, procedentes do Departamento de Morfologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará. O peso médio dos baços era de 148,2±52g e suas dimensões médias de 11,2x7,1x4,0cm. Foi injetada, nos ramos superior e inferior da artéria esplênica, resina sintética (resapol T-208) para preenchimento dos segmentos. Utilizando o método de corrosão, identificou-se a segmentação, diferenciando-a através de cores, analisando e comparando com a anatomia de superfície através de planimetria. RESULTADOS: Os baços apresentavam em média 2,4±0,61 segmentos (2-4) e seus moldes representavam 70% da superfície diafragmática. Encontrou-se evidência de correlação entre os sulcos das chanfraduras esplênicas e a segmentação correspondente em 17 dos 19 baços 89,4%±7,1% (p< 0,05) que possuíam este relevo anatômico. CONCLUSÃO: A segmentação arterial esplênica pode estar diretamente relacionada com sua anatomia de superfície e ser utilizada como parâmetro na esplenectomia parcial e estudos de anatomia vascular esplênica

Whole-genome sequencing of Leishmania infantum chagasi isolates from Honduras and Brazil

Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil / Federal University of Pará. Tropical Medicine Nucleus. Belém, PA, BrazilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilUniversity, São Paulo. Computational System Biology Laboratory. São Paulo, SP, BrazilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilNational Autonomous University of Honduras. Microbiology School. Tegucigalpa, HondurasMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilNational Autonomous University of Honduras. University School Hospital. Health Surveillance Department. Tegucigalpa, HondurasNational Autonomous University of Honduras. University School Hospital. Health Surveillance Department. Tegucigalpa, HondurasMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilSão Paulo University. Medical School. Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo, SP, BrazilSão Paulo University. Medical School. Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo, SP, BrazilSão Paulo University. Medical School. Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo, SP, BrazilSão Paulo University. Medical School. Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo, SP, BrazilSão Paulo University. Medical School. Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo, SP, BrazilSão Paulo University. Computational System Biology Laboratory. São Paulo, SP, BrazilSão Paulo University. Medical School. Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases. São Paulo, SP, BrazilThis work reports on the whole-genome sequencing of Leishmania infantum chagasi from Honduras (Central America) and Brazil (South America)

AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: A data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest

The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal, bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data set comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals: Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles: Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using these data

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data