Molar-incisor enamel hypomineralization cross-sectional prevalence evaluation in oral-breathing allergic children

Objetivo: Hipomineralização incisivo-molar (HIM) é um distúrbio de desenvolvimento dentário altamente prevalente devi­do à maturação interrompida do ameloblasto. Esta condição afeta até 44% das crianças ao redor do mundo e várias condições sistêmicas têm sido associadas à HIM, incluindo a respiração oral. E importante mostrar que HIM tem etiologia multifatorial e está associada com crianças alérgicas com respiração bucal. Métodos: Para avaliar a prevalência da HIM em crianças com SRBI com resposta alérgica positiva e negativa para testes de escarificação, uma avaliação transversal quantitativa e qualitativa foi realizada em 23 crianças com respiração oral e 25 irmãos com idade/sexo correspondentes. Defeitos de esmalte foram classificados de acordo com o índice de defeitos de esmalte da FDI. Teste t de Student foi aplicado para verificar a relevância dos dados. Resultados: A prevalência de HIM mostrou diferenças estatísticas significativas na comparação entre molares, independentemente de idade individual (p = 0,01513474). Crianças com SRBI menores de 5 anos apresentaram maior prevalência estatística de HIM (p = 0,00594). Crianças com SRBI que obtiveram reações positivas para os testes de escarificação apresentaram maior prevalência de HIM (p = 0,023). Crianças com SRBI apresentaram maior prevalência estatística de opacidade demarcada (p = 0,00012). Conclusões: Crianças com SRBI que obtiveram reações positivas para os testes de escarificação apresentaram maior prevalência de HIM (p = 0,023), indicando que crianças alérgicas com respiração oral tiveram maior prevalência de HIM. Nossos resultados corroboram nossa hipótese anterior que crianças com SRBI demonstram maior prevalência de HIM em comparação com seus irmãos, com significância estatística (p = 0,01513474). Investigações com amostras popu­lacionais maiores podem reforçar e confirmar a exatidão dos nossos resultados.Objective: Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a highly prevalent dental development disturbance caused by dis­rupted ameloblast maturation. This condition affects up to 44% of children around the world and several systemic con­ditions have been associated with MIH, including Mouth-Breathing. It is important to show that MIH has multifacto­rial etiology and is associated with allergic mouth-breathing children. Methods: To evaluate MIH prevalence in MBCS children with positive and negative allergic response to the skin prick test, a cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative comparative assessment was conducted in 23 mouth-breathing children and 25 sex/age-matched siblings. Enamel defects were classified by the modified rate of FDI Development Defects of Enamel. Statistical Student’s t tests were applied to ve­rify the relevance of the data. Results: MIH prevalence showed significant statistical differences in the comparison betwe­en molars, independently of individual age (p = 0.01513474). MBCS children under 5 years old had higher statistical preva­lence of MIH (p = 0.00594). MBCS children with positive skin reactions to the prick test had higher prevalence of MIH (p = 0,023). MBCS children had statistically significant higher prevalence of demarcated opacity (p = 0.00012). Conclusions: Finally, MBCS children with positive skin reactions to the prick test had higher prevalence of MIH (p = 0,023), indicating that mouth-breathing allergy-responsive children had higher MIH prevalence. Our results corroborate our previous hypo­thesis that MBCS children have increased MIH prevalence in comparison to their siblings, with statistical significance (p = 0.01513474). Further investigations with larger samples may enhance and confirm the accuracy of our results

Stem cells from human dental pulp and apical papilla : morphological and synchrotron radiation analysis

Dental Mesenchymal stem cells has prompted great for cell-based therapeutics. But no one knows for sure what the true potential of these cells, since most of the studies were done in isolation, using as source, different donors or different cell processi

Stem cells from human dental pulp and apical papilla: morphological, functional and x-ray microfluorescence analysis

A proposta desse projeto de pesquisa foi analisar e caracterizar células-tronco encontradas na polpa dentária e papila apical de um mesmo doador tratadas sob as mesmas condições de cultivo utilizando abordagens que permitem analises de componentes intracelulares que nunca antes haviam sido analisados nessas células. Para tanto, populações enriquecidas pela expressão CD146, STRO-1 e CD90 foram isoladas de terceiros molares inclusos indicados para exodontia, totalizando 16 pacientes e 16 dentes. Como controles negativos, foram utilizadas as células negativas para esses marcadores. Células positivas e negativas para cada marcador foram comparadas entre si e com os resultados dos outros marcadores. Para cada um dos marcadores e respectivos controles foram realizadas analises de cinética celular, ensaios morfológicos e ensaios subcelulares utilizando microscopia de luz sincrotron. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à teste ANOVA e teste de Tukey (a=0,05) quando pertinente e/ou a análises descritivas. As células isoladas da polpa dentária e papila apical se comportaram diferentemente uma das outras. Nos ensaios de cinética celular, as células enriquecidas (positivas) apresentaram crescimento mais lento quanto comparados com as células não enriquecidas (negativas), independente do marcador em questão. Nos ensaios morfológicos, células CD 90+ da polpa dentária exibiram a menor área e menor perímetro quando comparadas com as CD 146+ e STRO-1+. A presença de compostos iônicos vistos por luz sincrotron mostraram maior fração de massa nas células positivas da polpa dentária. Dentre os elementos traços estatisticamente mais prevalentes foram o fósforo, cobre, zinco, potássio, estrôncio, cálcio e cloro, sendo este último presente na polpa e papila nos 3 marcadores estudados. Concluímos que tanto da polpa dentária quanto na papila apical de dentes humanos, há presença de células tronco multipotentes expressados pelos três marcadores e que apesar de serem obtidos do mesmo dente e doador e cultivados de forma iguais ela tem comportamentos diferentes. As alterações bioquímicas celulares estudadas pelos elementos traços em células separadas por diferentes marcadores foi o primeiro passo para possibilitar os conhecimentos mecanicistas vitais celulares que não são observadas em microscopia padrão. Porém, novos estudos como permitir a visualização da localização espacial de biomarcadores espectrais caracterizados, pode ajudar a consolidar os resultados aqui encontrados. Assim, a análise e classificação desse método de estudo pode ser refinado em pesquisas futuras, incluindo no uso de outros tipos de tecidos dentais para caracterizar as células tronco dentais.The purpose of this research project was to analyze and characterize stem cells found in dental pulp and apical papilla from the same donor treated under the same culture conditions using approaches that allow analysis of intracellular components that had never before been analyzed in these cells. Therefore, populations enriched for CD146 expression, STRO-1 and CD90 were isolated from third molars indicated for extraction, totaling 16 patients and 16 teeth. As negative controls, cells negative for these markers were used. Positive and negative cells for each marker were compared and the results of other markers. For each of the markers and their controls were carried out analysis of cell kinetics, morphological tests and subcellular assays using synchrotron light microscopy. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey\'s test (a = 0.05) where relevant and / or descriptive analyzes. Cells isolated from the apical papilla and dental pulp behaved differently from each other. In cell kinetics assays, enriched cells (positive) showed slower growth as compared with non-enriched cells (negative), regardless of the marker in question. In morphological studies, CD 90+ cells in the dental pulp exhibited a smaller area and lower perimeter compared to CD 146+ and STRO-1 +. The presence of ionic compounds seen by synchrotron light showed higher mass fraction of positive cells in the dental pulp. Among the most prevalent statistical trace elements are phosphorous, copper, zinc, potassium, strontium, calcium and chlorine, the latter being present in the pulp, and the papilla 3 markers studied. We conclude that both the dental pulp as the apical papilla of human teeth, there is presence of multipotent stem cells expressed the three markers and that although they are obtained from the same tooth and donor and grown in the same way it has different behaviors. The biochemical cellular changes studied by trace elements in separate cells with different markers was the first step to allow mechanistic cellular vital knowledge that is not observed in standard microscopy. However, new studies as to visualize the spatial location characterized spectral biomarkers can help consolidate the present results. Thus, the analysis and classification of the study method can be refined in future research including the use of other types of dental tissues to characterize the dental stem cell

Expression of the of STRO-1 and HSP-25 markers during odontogenesis

ABSTRACT Objective: Therefore, the purpose of the currently study was to analyze the expression of the STRO-1 stem cell marker and the marker related to Hsp25 differentiation and dental development during odontogenesis in rats. Methods: Eighteen-day Wistar rat embryos and 7-day-old animals were analyzed morphologically via Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining and via immunohistochemical marking for Stro-1 and Hsp25 in 5uM serial sections. Results: In the HE morphological analysis in 18-day embryos, the stage of tooth development was in the cap phase, while in the 7-day old animals it was in the bell phase. Conclusion: The expression of STRO-1 in the embryos was not found in the region of the dental papilla or enamel organ, however, in the 7-day-old animals, STRO-1-positive cells were found in the region of the dental follicle and dental papilla. As for the Hsp25, this exhibited weak marking in the cap phase while in the bell phase, there was a reaction, mainly in the odontoblasts. The expressions in the site of these markers vary according to the stage of tooth development

Motivation chart as a supporting tool in pediatric dentistry

<div><p>ABSTRACT Infant fear and anxiety are two feelings that cause stress in pediatric dental treatment. Many management techniques have been described in the literature, with the aim of controlling this anxiety and fear that are ultimately a big challenge for the dental surgeon. The aim of this study is to present a clinical case of a five-year-old child who would not cooperate with the dental treatment. To this end, an incentive chart was devised that is specific for treatment. The chart focuses on encouraging the child to comply with rules in the pediatric dentist office and, as the child completes his objectives, the chart is filled with happy faces and at the end of the appointment, depending on the outcome, the patient is rewarded with something. We concluded that the use of the incentive chart was particularly satisfactory in terms of the patient’s conduct and developing maturity over the course of his dental treatment and it may be an additional option to use as an adjunct in the approach to behavior in private or public dental clinics, and even in Universities.</p></div

Effectiveness of tooth wipes in removing babies' dental biofilm

PURPOSE To assess the effectiveness of tooth wipes in removing dental biofilm from babies' anterior teeth, as well as to evaluate the babies' behaviour and the guardians' preference concerning hygiene methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this random blind cross-over study, 50 high caries risk babies, from 8 to 15 months old, were divided into two groups: babies with oral hygiene performed by caregivers (n = 25) or by their mothers (n = 25). The caregivers and mothers removed biofilm using three methods of oral hygiene (tooth wipes, toothbrushes and gauze), one in each experimental phase. Professional cleaning was done before each phase, which had 2 days of biofilm accumulation and 1 experimental day, when caregivers and mothers used one method to remove biofilm. Examiners blinded to the study design assessed the biofilm index at baseline, prior to and following biofilm removal using each method. The babies' behaviour and the mothers'/caregivers' preference were assessed. RESULTS The tooth wipes, toothbrushes and gauze significantly reduced the amount of biofilm (P < 0.001). The mothers' group removed more biofilm than the caregivers' group, using toothbrushes or tooth wipes (P < 0.05). Babies in the mothers' group had better behaviour using tooth wipes than toothbrushes (P < 0.05). Mothers and caregivers preferred to use tooth wipes. CONCLUSIONS Tooth wipes are effective in removing biofilm from babies' anterior teeth and are the method best accepted by mothers, caregivers and babies