A Critical Review of Yang and Plakans' Strategy Inventory for Integrated Writing

This article reviews Yang and Plakans' (2012) Strategy Inventory for Integrated Writing (SIIW). The existence of SIIW is crucial to elicit strategies used by TOEFL iBT test takers in completing integrated reading-listening-writing task. After reviewing Yang and Plakans' SIIW, it is found that there is a need to develop a more comprehensive, reliable and valid strategy inventory for integrated writing

Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Mullite Berbasis Abu Vulkanik dan Alumina

Telah berhasil dibuat keramik berbasis mullite dari abu vulkanik dan Al2O3 dengan metode paduan mekanik dan sintering. Preparasi dimulai dengan proses milling abu vulkanik dan Al2O3. Ukuran diameter rata-rata serbuk hasil milling diperoleh nilai 3,54 µm. Serbuk hasil milling kemudian dikompaksi dan disinter dengan variasi suhu 900, 1000 dan 1100 °C. Hasil uji densitas dan porositas menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu sintering maka nilai densitas akan semakin tinggi sedangkan porositasnya semakin rendah. Hasil analisa XRD menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga fasa sampel yaitu mullite sebagai fasa dominan serta hematit dan SiO2 sebagai fasa sekunder. Hasil nilai kekerasan sampel menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu sintering maka nilai kekerasannya juga semakin tinggi. Nilai optimum sampel diperoleh pada sampel yang disinter pada suhu 1100 °C dengan nilai densitas, porositas dan kekerasan masing-masing sebesar 2,54 g/cm3, 5,21% dan 283,16 HV

A georeferenced dataset of Italian occurrence records of the phylum Rotifera

We report a dataset of known and published occurrence records of Italian taxa from species (and subspecies) to family rank of the phylum Rotifera; we considered only Bdelloidea, Monogononta, and Seisonacea, and did not include Acanthocephala. The dataset includes 15,525 records (12,015 of which with georeferenced coordinates) of 584 valid species and subspecies names and other taxa at family level, gathered from 332 published papers. The published literature spans the period from 1838 to 2022, with the lowest number of papers published during the first half of the twentieth century, followed by an increasing number of papers, from 20 to more than 60 in each decade. The Italian regions with the highest number of records and species are Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy, and Piedmont, whereas no records are known for Molise. The number of species known from each region mostly mirrors sampling efforts, measured as the number of publications per region. The dataset is available through the Open Science Framework (OSF), and all the georeferenced occurrence data have been uploaded to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

A georeferenced dataset of Italian occurrence records of the phylum Rotifera

We report a dataset of known and published occurrence records of Italian taxa from species (and subspecies) to family rank of the phylum Rotifera; we considered only Bdelloidea, Monogononta, and Seisonacea, and did not include Acanthocephala. The dataset in-cludes 15,525 records (12,015 of which with georeferenced coordinates) of 584 valid species and subspecies names and other taxa at family level, gathered from 332 published papers. The published literature spans the period from 1838 to 2022, with the lowest number of papers published during the first half of the twentieth century, followed by an increasing number of papers, from 20 to more than 60 in each decade. The Italian regions with the highest number of records and species are Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy, and Piedmont, whereas no records are known for Molise. The number of species known from each region mostly mirrors sampling efforts, measured as the number of publications per region. The dataset is available through the Open Science Framework (OSF), and all the georeferenced occurrence data have been uploaded to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). ial use only

Chiral plasmonic response of 2D Ti3C2Tx flakes: realization and applications

The circularly polarized light sensitive materials response can be reached at plasmon wavelengths through the coupling of intrinsically non-chiral plasmonic nanostructure with chiral organic molecules. As a plasmonic background, the different types of metal nanoparticles of various shapes and sizes are successfully tested and an apparent circular dichroism (CD) signal is measured in both, nanoparticles suspensions and after nanoparticle immobilization in substrate. In this work, the creation of plasmon-active 2D flakes of MXenes (Ti3C2Tx) is proposed, with the apparent CD response at plasmon wavelength, through the coupling of intrinsically non-chiral flakes with helically shaped helicene enantiomers. This work provides the first demonstration of chiral and plasmon-active 2D material, which shows the absorption sensitive to light intrinsic circular polarization even in plasmon wavelengths range. The appearance of the induced CD signal is additionally confirmed by several theoretical calculations. After the experimental and theoretical confirmation of the optical chirality at plasmon wavelengths, the flakes are utilized for the polarization sensitive conversion of light to heat, as well as for polarization dependent triggering of plasmon-assisted chemical transformation

Hippocrates transformed: crafting a Hippocratic discourse of medical semiotics in English, 1850–1930

AbstractThis study presents a methodology for adapting corpus linguistics to the genealogical analysis of translation’s role in the evolution of medical concepts. This methodology is exhibited by means of a case study that draws on a number of corpora to explore how two English translators—Francis Adams, a Scottish physician, and Williams H.S. Jones, a Cambridge philologist, classicist and ancient historian—translated a set of terms in Hippocratic medical texts that refer to how the body reveals illness. Drawing on the Genealogies of Knowledge subcorpora of ancient Greek and modern English, it examines some of the ways in which translation contributes to the creation of a Hippocratic semiotic discourse in English whose lexical features differ from those attested to in the subcorpus of Greek Hippocratic texts. A comparative analysis of keyword frequency and collocations of Greek semiotic terms such as sēmeion, and English terms such as sign and symptom reveals the different translation strategies Jones and Adams used to translate the text. The result of this process is a Hippocratic semiotic discourse in English whose lexical features do not reflect those in the Hippocratic texts in a straightforward way.</jats:p

Editions, translations, transformations: refashioning the Arabic Aristotle in Egypt and metropolitan Europe, 1940–1980

AbstractLike translations, critical editions can play an important role in the language-mediated evolution of political concepts. This paper offers a case-study of a modern edition of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics by the famous twentieth-century Egyptian philosopher and father of ‘Arab existentialism’ Abd al-Rahman Badawi (d. 2002). It draws on ancient Greek and medieval Arabic corpora developed by the Genealogies of Knowledge project and a modern Arabic corpus accessible through Sketch Engine to examine the lexical patterning of key political items relating to the concept of citizen in the Arabic and Greek versions of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics. This corpus-based analysis of lexical patterns is contextualised against discursive and disciplinary parameters that shaped Badawi’s edition. Supplementing this collocational analysis of relevant lexical items with a more traditional analysis of Badawi’s paratexts, I argue that the editing process produces a hybrid ‘third text’ that is neither a transcription of the original manuscript nor a reconstruction of the manuscript’s archetype. The paper concludes that, like translations, editions transform the texts they are based on.</jats:p

The Emergence of Verification (taqīq) in Islamic Medicine

In this article, I discuss the legacy of Far al-Dīn al-Rāzī's commentary on Avicenna's Canon of Medicine in Islamic medical commentary after 1100. I argue that Far al-Dīn's legacy lies in the exegetical practices, the method of verification (taqīq) he introduced into Islamic medical scholarship through his commentary on the Canon. I first argue that the features that characterise the method of verification in works such as Far al-Dīn's commentary on Avicenna's Pointers and Reminders are present in the commentary on the Canon, even if Far al-Dīn's introduction to the latter work does not allude to these practices in the way that the introductions to his later works do. Based on an analysis of Galen's prescription about exegetical best-practice in his Hippocratic commentaries and Muammad ibn Zakarīyā al-Rāzī's (d. ca. 925) introduction to Doubts on Galen, I argue next that Far al-Dīn's introduction of the verification method into the Islamic medical discourse was a watershed moment in the tradition. I use Ibn al-Quff's (d. 1286) commentary on the Hippocratic Aphorisms to show how these methods were imitated by later medical commentators. This final section illustrates the enormous exegetical interest that the Canon of Medicine attracted, suggesting other promising trajectories for research into Far al-Dīn's medical legacy.</p