The effect of yeast culture products (Rumisacc and Intertotal) on fattening performance, some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male kids

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of live yeast culture and the combination of live yeast culture with vitamin-mineral supplementation as a feed additive on fattening performance, some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male kids. Totally 18 male Saanen goat kids were divided in to one control and two treatment groups each containing 6 kids. Rations of groups were formulated as isonitrogenic and isocaloric. Live yeast culture (YC) and the combination product (YVM) (RumiSacc® and Intetotal® respectively,by Integro Food Industry and Trade Co., Istanbul, Turkey; Live yeast cell 344 x 1010 cfu per gram) was included in the concentrates at 0 (C), 1% (YC) and 1% (YVM) on feed basis, respectively. Feeding schedule was established with only concentrate. Feed was given ad libitum and roughage was not given. Dietary yeast culture at the level of 1% increased final live weight (+4.7% regarding control group). All investigated fattening performance with rumen fluid and blood parameters were not statistically affected with the supplements. It is concluded that live yeast culture and its vitamin-mineral combination did not have adverse affect in male kids fed without roughage

Cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of four different extracts of Galega officinalis L (Goat’s rue)

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of four different solvent extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Galega officinalis L.Methods: The hexane, DCM, methanol and water extracts of G. officinalis were successively obtained by soxhlet extraction method. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was assessed against human lung carcinoma (A-549), human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human brain glioblastoma (U-87), and colon adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) by Resazurine test. The antioxidant activity of extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau, oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC), and 2’.7’-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA) cell-based assay while their anti-inflammatory activity was determined by nitric oxide (NO) assay.Results: DCM extract showed strong cytotoxic activity against lung adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma cell lines, with IC50 (concentration inhibiting 50 % of cell growth) values of 11 ± 0.4 and 16 ± 3 μg/mL, respectively. The hexane extract showed moderate anticancer activity against the same cell lines (59 ± 13 and 63 ± 16 μg/mL, respectively). DCM extract also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting NO release by 86.7 % at 40 μg/mL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - stimulated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Of all test extracts, the methanol extract of G. officinalis showed the highest antioxidant activity with 2.33 ± 0.09 μmol Trolox/mg , 7.10 ± 0.9 g tannic acid equivalent (TAE), and IC50 of 44 ± 4 μg/mL.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that DCM extract may possess anticancer effect against lung adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma, as well as serve as an anti-inflammatory agent.Keywords: Galega officinalis L, Biological activity, Bioassay, Anticancer, Lung adenocarcinoma, Brain glioblastoma, Goat’s ru

The effects of using chicken grill oil instead of the sunflower oil on performance, blood parameters, cholestrerol, and fatty acid composition of egg volk in laying Japanese Qual (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

This study was carried out to determine the effect of using chicken grill oil instead of the sunflower oil in laying Japanese quail diets on egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg quality, blood parameters, cholesterol and fatty acid composition of egg yolk. A total of 192, thirteen week old Japanese quail were allocated to four groups with six replicates containing eight quail each. The diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric and included 20 % crude protein and 2900 kcal/kg ME. The diets contained 5% sunflower oil (SO1), 5% chicken grill oil (CO1), 7.5% sunflower oil (SO2), 7.5% chicken grill oil (CO2). Experimental diets and water were provided ad libitum throughout the 9 weeks. There were no significant differences in initial body weight among groups, but there were highly significant (p<0.001) differences in final body weight among groups: 296.62, 286.62, 308.24, 276.35 g for SO1, CO1, SO2 and CO2 respectively. Higher egg production (p<0.001) was obtained for quail fed the CO1 and the CO2 diet (5% and 7.5% chicken grill oil respectively) than for quail fed the SO1 or the SO2 (5% and 7.5% sunflower oil). The cholesterol content in blood serum (195.61, 197.12, 157.37 and 176.49 mg/dl respectively) was not statistically significant. At the end of the study cholesterol content of the egg yolk (49.70, 49.54, 45.55 and 44.06 mg/g egg yolk respectively) was lowest in (p<0.05) the laying quail fed the CO2 diet. All blood parameters including haemoglobin, heamotocrit, serum cholesterol and serum glucose were not affected by diets except serum triglyceride and serum protein p<0.01). Dietary chicken grill oil had no adverse effect on egg weight, cholesterol and fatty acid composition of the egg yolk and feed conversion ratio. Therefore, chicken grill oil can be use up to 7.5% of the laying quail diets

Effect of addition of live yeast culture on fattening performance on some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male kids fed with sucrose supplemented concentrate

The aim of this study were to evaluate the effects of live yeast culture (LYC) as a feed additive on fattening performance, some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male goats fed with sucrose (S) supplemented concentrate. Totally 18 male Saanen goat kids were divided into three groups, no S and LYC (S(-)) as control, 3 % S (S(+)) and 3 % S plus LYC group (S+LYC), each containing 6 kids. Concentrates of groups were formulated as isonitrogenic and isocaloric. LYC (Rumisacc®, Integro Food Industry and Trade Co., İstanbul, Turkey (containing live yeast cell 344 x 1010 cfu per gram) was included in the concentrate at 2% as feed basis. Feeding schedule was established with only concentrate, feed was given ad libitum and roughage was not given. Addition of LYC plus S to concentrate increased ruminal ammonia-N and decreased ruminal pH compeared with sucrose unsupplemented control group. Addition of live yeast culture and sucrose did not affect fattening performance and blood parameters significantly on

THE EFFECTS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ON PHENOLIC COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT METABOLISM IN CALLUS CULTURE OF COMMON DAISY

Background: Exogenous pretreatment of oxidative stress on callus cultures of Bellis perennis L. (common daisy) induced catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total phenolic, total flavonoid, total protein and selected commercial phenolic compounds production and accumulation. Materials and Methods: The callus culture obtained from B. perennis pedicel explants was incubated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) containing 10 mM H2O2 or 0 mM H2O2 (for control group) for 10 hours. Twenty phenolic compounds (apigenin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, genistein, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, procyanidin-C1, quercetin, rutin hydrate, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, salicylic acid, sinapic acid, chlorogenic acid, hesperedin, naringenin, rosmarinic acid and isorhamnetin) were detected by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis in methanolic extracts of 10 mM H2O2 and control treatments. Results: A predominant phenolic compound was chlorogenic acid followed by rutin hydrate, caffeic acid, luteoline, isorhamnetin, quercetin, myricetin, apigenin, p-coumaric acid and kaempferol. No gallic acid, genistein, procyanidin-C1, vanillic acid, sinapic acid, hesperidin and naringenin were detected in H2O2 treatment and control groups of B. perennis. The total phenolic contents estimated were in the order of H2O2 treatment (285.36 μg/g dw) and control (220.79 μg/g dw) groups. The biosynthesis and accumulation of kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin and isorhamnetin were only determined in H2O2 treatment callus materials. The H2O2 pretreatment clearly showed in a raise in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. Finally, a significant positive correlation between phenolic accumulation and comprehensive activities of CAT, SOD, total phenolic, total flavonoid and proline was accessible. Conclusion: The present results suggest that using H2O2 as an elicitor or a stimulant plays a significant enhancement role in special phenolic molecules biosynthesis and activation of antioxidant metabolism on callus cultures of B. perennis

Antiproliferative Activity of Some Medicinal Plants on Human Breast and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines and their Phenolic Contents

Purpose: To determine the phenolic composition and antiproliferative activity of 16 different extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water) obtained from Bellis perennis, Convolvulus galaticus, Trifolium pannonicum and Lysimachia vulgaris on human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2/C3A) cell lines.Methods: The aerial parts of the plants were successively extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water using a Soxhlet apparatus. The phenolic content of the plants were determined by plants by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) while their antiproliferative activity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, a yellow tetrazole (MTT) assay.Results: Among the tested extracts, the methanol extract of B. perennis showed the best antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cell line with IC50 (inhibiting 50 % of cell growth) value of 71.6 μg/mL. Furthermore, the dichloromethane extract of C. galaticus showed the best anti-proliferative activity against HepG2/C3A cell line with IC50 of 57.3 μg/mL. The HPLC data for the plant extracts showed the presence of the following phenolic compounds: gallic acid monohydrate, caffeic acid, rutin hydrate, luteolin-7-O-β-D glucoside, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, coumarin and apigenin.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that there is some justification for the use of B. perennis and C. galaticus as traditional anticancer medicinal herbs.Keywords: Bellis perennis, Convolvulus galaticus, Trifolium pannonicum subsp. elongatum, Lysimachia vulgaris, MCF-7, HepG2/C3A, Phenolics, Breast cancer, Antiproliferativ

Effect of addition of live yeast culture on fattening performance on some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male kids fed with sucrose supplemented concentrate

The aim of this study were to evaluate the effects of live yeast culture (LYC) as a feed additive on fattening performance, some blood and rumen fluid parameters in male goats fed with sucrose (S) supplemented concentrate. Totally 18 male Saanen goat kids were divided into three groups, no S and LYC (S(-)) as control, 3 % S (S(+)) and 3 % S plus LYC group (S+LYC), each containing 6 kids. Concentrates of groups were formulated as isonitrogenic and isocaloric. LYC (Rumisacc®, Integro Food Industry and Trade Co., İstanbul, Turkey (containing live yeast cell 344 x 1010 cfu per gram) was included in the concentrate at 2% as feed basis. Feeding schedule was established with only concentrate, feed was given ad libitum and roughage was not given. Addition of LYC plus S to concentrate increased ruminal ammonia-N and decreased ruminal pH compeared with sucrose unsupplemented control group. Addition of live yeast culture and sucrose did not affect fattening performance and blood parameters significantly on P<0.05 except HGB and HCT

EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTITUMOR, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND PHENOLIC CONSTITUENTS OF FIELD-GROWN AND IN VITRO-GROWN LYSIMACHIA VULGARIS L.

Background: Lysimachia vulgaris L. (Yellow loosestrife) is a medicinal plant in the family Myrsinaceae. It has been used in the treatment of fever, ulcer, diarrhea and wounds in folk medicine. It has also analgesic, expectorant, astringent and antiinflammatory activities. Two different sources of the plant (field-grown and in vitro-grown) were used to evaluate the biological activities (antibacterial, antitumor and antioxidant) of L. vulgaris. In vitro-grown plant materials were collected from L. vulgaris plants that were previously regenerated in our laboratory. Materials and Methods: Plant materials were extracted with water, ethanol and acetone. For antibacterial test, disc diffusion method and 10 different pathogenic bacteria were used. Antioxidant activity was indicated by using DPPH method. The total phenol amount by using Folin-Ciocaltaeu method and the total flavonoid amount by using aluminum chloride (AlCl3) colorimetric method were determined. Results: Generally, yellow loosestrife extracts demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes). Strong antitumor activity of yellow loosestrife was observed via potato disc diffusion bioassay. Nine different phenolics were also determined and compared by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Conclusion: Future investigations should be focused on fractionation of the extracts to identify active components for biological activity

Can gestational exercise have a positive effect on cognitive functions resulting from brain injury? A rat study

Aim: The effects of gestational exercise on potential pathological conditions is not known yet.&nbsp; Therefore, in the present study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of forced running exercise on LPS-induced brain damage in pregnant rats. Method: Pregnant females in the experimental group were forced to exercise 30 min daily for five days a week. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced brain injury model was created by administering 500 µg/kg body weight of LPS on gestational days 18 and 19.&nbsp;&nbsp; To evaluate injury histopathologically, brain tissues were fixed at the postnatal day seven through transcardial perfusion (n=4 pups/group). When the remaining pups reached 30-day of age, Morris water maze test (MWM) was performed to assess memory and learning, open filed (OP) and elevated plus maze (EPM) for testing anxiety, and Porsolt test (PT) for evaluating depression. The groups were defined as brain injury group (BI, n=13) and exercise+brain injury group (E+BI, n=7).&nbsp; Results: The results obtained from MWM test indicated that animals found the platform in a shorter duration and distance at the day five compared to the day three. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. No significant difference was found in OP test regarding the distance traveled, time spent at the margins, movement at the center and the time spent as immobile. However, in the EPM test, the offspring at the BI group displayed higher mobility and increased number of entry to the open arms compared to the E+BI groups (p=0.01).&nbsp; There was no significant difference regarding mobility duration and total distance traveled in the PT test. Conclusion: In the present study, we tested the impact of gestational exercise using the brain injury model. The results of the EPM test suggests that the gestational exercise can suppress the stress factors in the pregnant females with brain injury leading to the prevention of hyperactivity-induced negative learning behavior

Effects of different levels of expanded perlite on the performance and egg quality traits of laying hens

ABSTRACT -The influence of different levels of expanded perlite on the performance and egg quality traits was studied in laying hens. Forty Lohmann Brown females at 30 weeks of age were randomly assigned to four groups consisting of five replicates with two hens in each. Four diet groups were supplemented with 0% (control group), 1%, 2%, and 3% perlite, respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. There were no significant differences in final body weight, feed intake, egg yield, and egg weight. Feed conversion ratio and egg weight decreased with addition of 2% perlite. Dietary perlite supplementation has no significant effects on shape, yolk, and albumen index. Haugh unit was affected significantly by addition of 2% perlite. Fecal pH, dry matter, and NH 3 -N did not significantly differ among treatments. Dietary perlite has no negative effect on performance and egg quality traits except 2% perlite group. Dietary expanded perlite can be added at 1% level in laying hen rations without changing the animal performance. Key Words: egg, performance, perlite, poultry Revista Brasileira de Zootecni