Engaging the Public with CCUS: Reflection on a European Project Approach

The aim of this paper is to share our approach for a societal engagement and participation process that is implemented as part of two sequential research projects on CCUS. The two projects are both funded under the European Union’s (EU) Horizon 2020 research program. The first one, STRATEGY CCUS (2019-2022), develops strategic development plans for eight regions in South-East Europe; the second, Pilot STRATEGY (2021-2026), partly builds on the first project; Pilot STRATEGY aims at enabling three of the eight regions to start developing their storage resources concretely and to support two further regions in continuing to explore CCUS as an option. Both projects were designed in a way that they integrate geological, technical and economic research with social sciences, with a focus on the regional level. The paper provides an overview on the concept, objectives and the methodologies for the engagement process. It further includes reflections identifying room for improvement and provides recommendations for other projects. Overall, we find that the situation is characterized by low levels of awareness regarding CCUS, but some openness to discuss it. Specific expectations vary and the societal view is not always in line with the current scientific knowledge and the technological development. Important recommendations include building strong interdisciplinary teams that also implement processes for self-reflection.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hidden politics of power and governmentality in transitional justice and peacebuilding:The problem of ‘bringing the local back in’

This paper examines ‘the local’ in peacebuilding by examining how ‘local’ transitional justice projects can become spaces of power inequalities. The paper argues that focusing on how ‘the local’ contests or interacts with ‘the international’ in peacebuilding and post-conflict contexts obscures contestations and power relations amongst different local actors, and how inequalities and power asymmetries can be entrenched and reproduced through internationally funded local projects. The paper argues that externally funded projects aimed at emancipating ‘locals’ entrench inequalities and create local elites that become complicit in governing the conduct and participation of other less empowered ‘locals’. The paper thus proposes that specific local actors—often those in charge of externally funded peacebuilding projects—should also be conceptualised as governing agents: able to discipline and regulate other local actors’ voices and their agency, and thus (re)construct ideas about what ‘the local’ is, or is not

Relationship between molecular pathogen detection and clinical disease in febrile children across Europe: a multicentre, prospective observational study

BackgroundThe PERFORM study aimed to understand causes of febrile childhood illness by comparing molecular pathogen detection with current clinical practice.MethodsFebrile children and controls were recruited on presentation to hospital in 9 European countries 2016-2020. Each child was assigned a standardized diagnostic category based on retrospective review of local clinical and microbiological data. Subsequently, centralised molecular tests (CMTs) for 19 respiratory and 27 blood pathogens were performed.FindingsOf 4611 febrile children, 643 (14%) were classified as definite bacterial infection (DB), 491 (11%) as definite viral infection (DV), and 3477 (75%) had uncertain aetiology. 1061 controls without infection were recruited. CMTs detected blood bacteria more frequently in DB than DV cases for N. meningitidis (OR: 3.37, 95% CI: 1.92-5.99), S. pneumoniae (OR: 3.89, 95% CI: 2.07-7.59), Group A streptococcus (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.13-6.09) and E. coli (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.02-6.71). Respiratory viruses were more common in febrile children than controls, but only influenza A (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.11-0.46), influenza B (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02-0.37) and RSV (OR 0.16, 95% CI: 0.06-0.36) were less common in DB than DV cases. Of 16 blood viruses, enterovirus (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23-0.72) and EBV (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56-0.90) were detected less often in DB than DV cases. Combined local diagnostics and CMTs respectively detected blood viruses and respiratory viruses in 360 (56%) and 161 (25%) of DB cases, and virus detection ruled-out bacterial infection poorly, with predictive values of 0.64 and 0.68 respectively.InterpretationMost febrile children cannot be conclusively defined as having bacterial or viral infection when molecular tests supplement conventional approaches. Viruses are detected in most patients with bacterial infections, and the clinical value of individual pathogen detection in determining treatment is low. New approaches are needed to help determine which febrile children require antibiotics.FundingEU Horizon 2020 grant 668303

Genomic investigations of unexplained acute hepatitis in children

Since its first identification in Scotland, over 1,000 cases of unexplained paediatric hepatitis in children have been reported worldwide, including 278 cases in the UK1. Here we report an investigation of 38 cases, 66 age-matched immunocompetent controls and 21 immunocompromised comparator participants, using a combination of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and immunohistochemical methods. We detected high levels of adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) DNA in the liver, blood, plasma or stool from 27 of 28 cases. We found low levels of adenovirus (HAdV) and human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) in 23 of 31 and 16 of 23, respectively, of the cases tested. By contrast, AAV2 was infrequently detected and at low titre in the blood or the liver from control children with HAdV, even when profoundly immunosuppressed. AAV2, HAdV and HHV-6 phylogeny excluded the emergence of novel strains in cases. Histological analyses of explanted livers showed enrichment for T cells and B lineage cells. Proteomic comparison of liver tissue from cases and healthy controls identified increased expression of HLA class 2, immunoglobulin variable regions and complement proteins. HAdV and AAV2 proteins were not detected in the livers. Instead, we identified AAV2 DNA complexes reflecting both HAdV-mediated and HHV-6B-mediated replication. We hypothesize that high levels of abnormal AAV2 replication products aided by HAdV and, in severe cases, HHV-6B may have triggered immune-mediated hepatic disease in genetically and immunologically predisposed children

Le monstre médiéval

Le monstre est créature de l'univers (cf. les mappemondes et les encyclopédies médiévales). Quelle est l'origine des monstres (descendance de Cain, de Cham...) ? Ont-ils une âme et quelle est en eux la part d'hu¬ manité (cf. saint Augustin, saint Jérôme ) ? L'interprétation des monstres n'en fait pas systématiquement des symboles du Mal. Pourquoi y a-t-il des monstres ? La question des causes se confond souvent avec celle de leur raison d'être. Au XVe siècle, le monstre individuel, "historique", devient arme politique, signe envoyé par Dieu d'une situation qu'il reflète ou qu'il condamne (S. Brant). Le monstre n'est désordre qu'en apparence et contribue, d'une manière qui nous est parfois obscure, à l'harmonie de l'univers.Kappler Claude-Claire. Le monstre médiéval. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 58e année n°3,1978. pp. 253-264

Alexandre le Grand et les frontières

Alexandre le Grand est un personnage qui transcende les frontières, et cette contribution est elle-même transfrontalière dans la mesure où elle présente un point de vue diachronique et pluri-culturel. Elle va en effet présenter l’itinéraire de conquérant et l’itinéraire spirituel d’Alexandre le Grand vu par Firdousi, auteur persan de la célèbre épopée Le Livre des Rois, (,Shâh-nâmeh), achevée en 1010 pour sa première rédaction, oeuvre qui, aujourd’hui encore, est une référence culturelle de b..

Lewisohn Leonard and Shackle Christopher,ʿAttār and the Persian Sufi Tradition. The Art of Spiritual Flight. London, I. B. Tauris Publishers (The Institute of Ismaïli Studies), 2006

Kappler Claire. Lewisohn Leonard and Shackle Christopher,ʿAttār and the Persian Sufi Tradition. The Art of Spiritual Flight. London, I. B. Tauris Publishers (The Institute of Ismaïli Studies), 2006. In: Bulletin critique des annales islamologiques, n°27, 2012. pp. 20-21

Le roi "au cœur éveillé". Images du désir et de la mort dans la littérature persane classique

Claude-Claire Kappler, Le roi "au cœur éveillé". Images du désir et de la mort dans la littérature persane classique, p. 85-95. Alexandre tel qu'il apparaît dans le Livre des Rois, Shâh-nâmeh, de Ferdowsi (XIe siècle) est, par excellence, figure de l'inachèvement. Il l'est d'abord par l'origine secrète, semi-iranienne, de sa naissance. Ni connu, ni reconnu par son véritable père, Darius, il est en quête d'identité. C'est voilé qu'il se présente dans les trois royaumes les plus puissants: l'Iran, centre du monde connu, l'Andalousie, extrême Ouest, et la Chine, extrême Est. Reconnu sous ses déguisements, il sera de la sorte établi dans sa véritable identité, dans la qualité de son être profond, et cela dans un parcours qui balaie la totalité de l'espace terrestre connu. Toutefois, aux deux extrêmes, Andalousie et Chine, il est mis en échec dans sa volonté de conquête du pouvoir et renvoyé à ce qu'il est lui-même. Il est aussi figure de l'inachèvement et tant que figure de l'excellence qui veut aller toujours plus loin dans la conquête et la connaissance et qui ne trouve à se satisfaire de rien. Il est, enfin, figure de l'inachèvement comme l'est tout être humain car, comme chacun, il est borné dans ses désirs et ses réalisations par la mort.Kappler Claude-Claire. Le roi "au cœur éveillé". Images du désir et de la mort dans la littérature persane classique. In: Mélanges de l'École française de Rome. Moyen-Age, tome 112, n°1. 2000. pp. 85-95

Ruspoli Stéphane, Écrits des Maîtres soufis. Traduction et présentation de trois traités de Baġdādī et Semnānī (vol. 2). Paris– Orbey, Éditions Arfuyen, 2008

Kappler Claire. Ruspoli Stéphane, Écrits des Maîtres soufis. Traduction et présentation de trois traités de Baġdādī et Semnānī (vol. 2). Paris– Orbey, Éditions Arfuyen, 2008. In: Bulletin critique des annales islamologiques, n°27, 2012. p. 33

Monstres, démons et merveilles à la fin du Moyen âge / Claude Kappler

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