Characterising citizenship: race, criminalisation and the extension of internal borders

Citizenship in the UK has in recent times been explicitly framed as a privilege not a right, granted selectively and withdrawn from some. There are several criteria that assist the government in distinguishing those deserving of British citizenship from those undeserving, one of the key ones being ‘character’. The ‘bad character’ criterion can apply for multiple reasons from inconsistencies in immigration paperwork to direct or indirect political associations with a range of disavowed political groups. Although not new, ‘bad character’ has become a principle reason for citizenship refusals in recent years, though has received little academic scrutiny. By bringing together quantitative and qualitative data on citizenship refusals, the article maps the scale of this measure, outlining what it means and to whom it applies. It argues that the ‘bad character’ criterion operates as a racialised exclusionary mechanism that constitutes a new set of amorphous restrictions upon the lives of non-white denizens

Unmaking citizens: passport removals, pre-emptive policing and the reimagining of colonial governmentalities

With the intensifying securitization of Western borders in the global War on Terror citizenship rights are increasingly fragile. Measures introduced by the British government to deal with the terrorist threat at home include citizenship deprivation, temporary exclusion orders as well as passport removals. Whilst citizenship deprivation has provoked critique for its potential violations of international human rights conventions on statelessness, cancellations of passports have not been subjected to the same kind of critique. Drawing on recent debates and interview data we demonstrate the alignment of citizenship deprivation and passport removals and conclude that these measures serve the same goal: of unmaking citizens. In this paper, we discuss findings from novel empirical research with individuals who have been removed of their British passports to illuminate the racialized dynamics of this process and the reconfiguration of racial governmentalities

Relationship between nutritional status, respiratory performance and age : study among Tangkhul Naga females of Northeast India

The study aims to examine relationship between nutritional status, respiratory performance and age. Cross-sectional study was carried out among 346 Tangkhul Naga females of Northeast India, ranging in age from 20-70 years. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), breath holding time, chest expansivity and dynamic lung function tests like forced expiratory volume in one second, force vital capacity, forced expiratory ratio and peak expiratory flow rate were studied. The results showed that both low and high BMI were associated with poor lung functions, and showed inverse relationship. Subjects with normal BMI had better respiratory efficiency as compared to underweight, overweight/obese subjects. Age plays an important role in structural and functional change. BMI and lung functions were also associated with age. BMI increased with advancing age till middle age. Values of FEV 1.0, FVC, FER, PEFR, BHT and CE declined with advancing age indicating negative association of respiratory performance with age. BMI was also independently associated with lung functions and age. Age and BMI were positively correlated, but both age and BMI has negative associations with respiratory performances. Nutritional disorder had negative impact on lung functions. Evaluating the effect of age and BMI on lung functions showed that ageing had greater impact on respiratory performance

Bilateral Malrotation and a Congenital Pelvic Kidney with Varied Vasculature and Altered Hilar Anatomy

Variations of structure and position of the kidney along with variations of renal vessels are most frequently reported. Rotational variations form a rare entity that are not cited in most embryology textbooks. During an educational cadaveric dissection of a 42-year-old male, a complex picture of bilateral anatomical variants was encountered. Malrotation of both kidneys and a left lobulated ectopic kidney along with open hilum was observed. The left kidney showed a pelvic position in front of sacral promontory with three renal arteries retaining its embryological aortoiliac branches and two renal veins draining into right common iliac vein. These variations have an embryological base. Pelvic kidney with rotational variation though comparatively rare assumes great importance in view of present-day surgical procedures like laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, percutaneous nephrectomy, and renal transplantation

Hot Dip Aluminising of Steel Wire- Laboratory Scale Investigations and Pilot Plant Studies

Protective quality of aluminium due to its adherent surface oxide film is well known. In hot-dip aluminising the use is made of this protective nature of aluminium by coating the steel base by dipping it in molten aluminium bath there-by getting an outer aluminium layer & an iron-aluminium layer at the interface. The interfacial alloy layer though possessing good atmospheric corrosion and resistance to oxidation at high temperature is brittle in nature and such must be kept to a minimum of thickness where the end use of aluminised product is for deep drawing, forming etc. Hot-dip aluminium coating on steel base comprising the outer aluminium layer and an alloy layer in the interface should possess both atmospheric & high temperature corrosion resistance

Preparation & Characterization of Dimethylformamidyl Substituted Titanium( IV) Compounds

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Substitution of galvanising by aluminising of steels

ALUMINISING has been accepted by the Government of India as it substitute for galvanising because of the existing scarcity of zinc. Zinc resources of our country are limited whereas minerals for extraction of aluminium are available in plenty. The Hindustan Steel (P ) Ltd., has decided to have provision for strip aluminising plant at Rourkela and Tata Iron and Steel Co. Ltd., may also be going for strip alum-inising adopting the Sendzimir Process . Bokaro Steel Plant has also made provision for aluminising of steel strip

Design and Performance of INMAS Whole Body Counter

A whole-body counter has been commissioned at INMAS for radiation protection and clinical applications including body potassium estimations. It has 4-crystal bed geometry inside a shielded enclosure. The background index of the system (counts) per minute per cc detector volume in the energy band 0.1-2 me V is about 0.6 comparing favorably with other whole-body monitors in the world. The sensitivity is 0.5 cpm per gram of K. Body potassium can be estimated can be estimated correct to 10 g for one hour counting. The variation in detector response to a point source on the mid-line of the bed is + - 10% of the mean over a length of 170 cm. The usefulness of the large dimensions of the enclosure chosen is discussed

(7-Chloro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)methyl piperidine-1-carbodithio­ate

In the title compound, C16H16ClNO2S2, the piperidine ring is in a chair conformation. In the coumarin ring system, the dihedral angle between the benzene and pyran rings is 3.5 (1)°. In the crystal, a weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bond links mol­ecules into chains along [001]. In addition, π–π stacking inter­actions are present involving the benzene and pyran rings, with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.712 (2) Å. The crystal studied is a nonmerohedral twin with refined components 0.221 (1) and 0.779 (1)