Features of changes in the parameters of heart pumping function and excretion of catecholamines in primary school children when giving the oral answers at theoretical lessons

© 2016, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. All rights reserved.It was revealed for the first time that changes in the indices of cardiac pump function of the first graders during oral responses either at a desk or at the blackboard do not depend on the level of physical activity. During the subsequent years of study, the reaction of the heart pumping function of children subjected to enhanced motor activity decreases significantly when giving oral responses at the theoretical lessons. It was found that, from age to age, all children examined have a significant reduction in their stroke volume response when answering at a desk or standing at the blackboard. The reaction of the parameters of heart pumping function of first and fourth graders is slightly higher in boys than in girls. It was found for the first time that the reaction of the parameters of cardiac pumping function in the examined children is lower when answering at the blackboard. It was also revealed that the excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline during oral responses in the first class does not depend on the level of physical activity. It was found for the first time that the children of control group have greater epinephrine excretion when giving oral answers both at the desk and at the blackboard, while the children with enhanced motor activity have greater excretion of norepinephrine

ГРАЖДАНСКО-ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ДОГОВОРА ПОСТАВКИ С ТОРГОВЫМИ СЕТЯМИ

The article deals with topical issues in the sphere of delivery contracts with retailеrs. The author makes conclusions based on the conducted analysis of regulations, litigation, commercial practices, in particular on the example of legal delivery contracts with retail chains.В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы, возникающие в сфере заключения договора поставки с торговыми сетями. Автор делает свои выводы, основываясь на проведенном анализе нормативных актов, судебной практики, коммерческой практики, в частности на примере правового заключения договора поставки с торговыми сетями

Uptake of halloysite clay nanotubes by human cells: Colourimetric viability tests and microscopy study

© 2018 This study is a systemic investigation of the uptake and toxicity of halloysite nanotubes using human adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (A549). A549 cells were chosen as a popular model of cancer cells extensively studied in nanotoxicity and drug delivery research. The adverse effects of a range of halloysite concentrations were evaluated. The viability of A549 cells was determined using several colourimetric assays. Dark-field microscopy was used to visualize the uptake and distribution of halloysite nanotubes in cells. The morphology of the cells was evaluated using dark-field, transmission electron and atomic force microscopies. The results showed that halloysite had a dose-dependent effect on human cells at concentrations of 5–900 μg per 105 cells in the MTT assay. The reduced toxicity of halloysite nanotubes at lower concentrations (5–75 μg per 105 cells) was additionally supported by the results of other colorimetric assays. Microscopy assays have demonstrated that the nanotubes, though affecting the biochemical processes, do not alter the morphology of the cells and do not penetrate into the nuclei

Polarized Stimulated Emission of 2d Ensembles of Plasmonic Nanolasers

Plasmonic nanolasers produce coherent light with wavelengths on a scale similar to their own or larger. In the past decade they have attracted intense interest, particularly from the emerging areas of integrated photonic circuits and biomedicine. Despite these capabilities, plasmonic nanolasers are still not completely understood, and this lack of understanding leads to confusing them with spasers and random lasers. Here, the operation of pure spaser‐based plasmonic nanolaser arrays is presented. For this, a monolayer of silver nanoparticles (NPs) affixed to a dielectric surface and covered with a fluorescent PMMA–coumarin solid composite is investigated. The input–output characteristic measured for the composites on a bare substrate (without Ag nanoparticles) reveals that the emission at pump pulse energies above 2.4 mJ (at 355 nm excitation wavelength corresponding coumarin absorption) practically stops growing, instead inhibited by saturation. In contrast, in such structures with Ag nanoparticles an additional emission band pops up over a fluorescence background. It has a spectral width order of units of nanometers and its intensity grows faster than at lower pump pulse energies, revealing a nonlinear dependence of the input–output characteristic. The spaser‐based lasing observed is completely linearly polarized and clearly directed as 45 degrees from the substrate

Peculiarities Of Intercultural Communication In Texts Of Tatar Educational Electronic Media: The Problem Of Calculation

Modern man is subject to the influence of the media, forming the world picture in his mind − his values, worldview, attitudes, concepts etc. This is especially noticeable on the linguistic level, when people who know the native language, in the process of intercultural communication is influenced by another language. In this article we intend to demonstrate the facts of the language tracing in the transmission of information from Russian into the Tatar language for example, on the websites of the official institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan. Using the method of continuous sampling, we selected the actual material and identified more than 300 cases of copying, the most relevant ones are presented in this paper. The descriptive method, comparative and contrastive types of methods were used I this work. We identified that in the texts of the tatar electronic media tracing is the most frequent kind of lexical and grammatical transformations of language units.The study showed that in media texts all styles of speech that are experiencing significant influence of the spoken style, the growth of dialogical and polylogical along with minimizing redundancy, standardizing the clichés are represented that are often trace forms with the Russian language and adversely affect the natural development of the Tatar literary language. The results can find application in the development of methods of Internet text analysis, teaching courses in journalism, translation studies, linguistics, cultural linguistics, sociolinguistics, and separate parts can be used to develop recommendations for optimization of computer communication in the Tatar language

Overview of Decarbonization Technologies for Thermal and Electric Energy Production

В статье представлен обзор зарубежных и отечественных технологий декарбонизации тепловой и электрической энергии. За рубежом данные технологии развиваются более прогрессивно. Технологическим лидером по сокращению выбросов углекислого газа являются США. Наиболее перспективное решение в данном направлении – использование кислороднотопливных энергетических установок нового поколения, среди которых реализуется Allam Cycle, а также циклы SCOC–CC, E-MATIANT, NET Power cycle, Graz cycles, CES cycle. Существуют технологии ССUS, которые включают методики по улавливанию углекислого газа, его транспортировке на судне или по трубопроводу, использованию в качестве ресурса для создания ценных продуктов, а также захоронению глубоко под землей в геологических формациях. Из 27 реализуемых в мире проектов CCUS 78 % связаны с методами увеличения нефтеотдачи, а 67 % – проекты с прямым государственным участием или стимулированием. Перспективным направлением по снижению выбросов углекислого газа является использование топливных элементов. Компания Fuel Cell Energy (США) выступает практически монополистом по крупносерийному производству расплав-карбонатных топливных элементов. Их активные разработки идут в Японии, Южной Корее, США. На территории Российской Федерации технологии декарбонизации с полным выводом углекислого газа не реализованы. Политика декарбонизации осуществляется лишь с помощью внедрения процессов улавливания углекислого газа различными материалами. В статье представлена сводная таблица технологий декарбонизации, реализуемых как за рубежом, так и на территории России. Указаны основные преимущества технологий, их недостатки, реализация и пути финансированияThe article presents an overview of foreign and domestic technologies of decarbonization of thermal and electrical energy. These technologies are developing more progressively abroad. The technological leader in reducing carbon dioxide emissions is the United States. The most promising solution in this direction is the use of oxygen-fuel power plants of a new generation, among which Allam Cycle is implemented, as well as SCOC–CC, E-MATIANT, NET Power cycle, Graz cycles, CES cycle. There are SSUS technologies that include technologies for capturing carbon dioxide, transporting it by ship or pipeline, using it as a resource to create valuable products, as well as burial deep underground in geological formations. Of the 27 CCUS projects implemented in the world, 78 % are related to methods of increasing oil recovery, and 67 % are projects with direct state participation or incentives. A promising direction to reduce carbon dioxide emissions is the use of fuel cells. Fuel Cell Energy (USA) is practically a monopolist in the large-scale production of molten carbonate fuel cells. Their active developments are in Japan, South Korea, and the USA. Decarbonization technologies with complete removal of carbon dioxide have not been implemented on the territory of the Russian Federation. The decarbonization policy is carried out only through the introduction of carbon dioxide capture processes by various materials. The article presents a summary table of decarbonization technologies implemented both abroad and in Russia. The main advantages of technologies, their disadvantages, implementation and ways of financing are indicate

Methods of Purification of Gaseous Waste from Petrochemical Industries from Carbon Dioxide for Use in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

В России разработка технологий по снижению вредных выбросов и парниковых газов в атмосферу соответствует направлению стратегии научно- технологического развития РФ до 2035 года. В рамках данной стратегии запланирован переход к экологически чистой и ресурсосберегающей энергетике. Переход на водородное топливо и водородсодержащие газы является огромным шагом на пути к декарбонизации. Наиболее доступным и экономически выгодным решением будет использование водородсодержащих газов нефтеперерабатывающих предприятий. Но перед использованием этих газов необходимо подвергнуть их предварительной очистке от неводородсодержащих ингредиентов и примесей. Анализ литературных источников позволил выделить основные способы очистки: абсорбция, хемосорбция, адсорбция, мембранные методы. Но наибольший интерес представляют адсорбционные методы, которые легче реализовать в промышленном масштабе и которые более экономически обоснованны. Поэтому в работе представлены результаты лабораторных исследований по определению улавливающей способности углекислого газа некоторых адсорбентов: активированный уголь, цеолит, бентонит, силикагель, извести гашеная и негашеная, высокоосновный анионит. Выбор сорбентов был обоснован их различной удельной поверхностью, различной природой происхождения, а также доступностью применения в промышленном масштабе. Эксперимент по улавливанию проводился на лабораторной установке, в адсорбер забивался сорбент и через него пропускался воздушный поток с углекислым газом. Непоглощенный сорбентом углекислый газ поступал в колбу с раствором гидроксида натрия концентрации 0,01 н. По завершении эксперимента у раствора гидроксида натрия определяли щелочность титриметрическим методом. По результатам эксперимента можно сделать вывод, что наибольшей улавливающей способностью по углекислому газу обладают следующие сорбенты: негашеная и гашеная известь, а также пропитанный в растворе гидроксида натрия цеолит. С точки зрения научного интереса можно выделить бентонит, который улавливает углекислый газ почти на 80 %. Остальные исследуемые сорбенты обладают средней улавливающей способностьюIn Russia, the development of technologies to reduce harmful emissions and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere corresponds to the direction of the strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation until 2035. Within the framework of this strategy, a transition to environmentally friendly and resource-saving energy is planned. Switching to hydrogen fuel and hydrogen-containing gases is a huge step towards decarbonization. The most affordable and cost-effective solution is the use of hydrogen- containing gases of oil refineries. But before using these gases, it is necessary to pre-purify them from non-hydrogen-containing ingredients and impurities. The analysis of literature sources allowed us to identify the main methods of purification: absorption, chemisorption, adsorption, membrane methods. But the most interesting are adsorption methods, which are easier to implement on an industrial scale and are more economically sound. Therefore, the paper presents the results of laboratory studies to determine the carbon dioxide trapping ability of some adsorbents: activated carbon, zeolite, bentonite, silica gel, slaked and quicklime, high-base anionite. The choice of sorbents was justified by their different specific surface area, different nature of origin, as well as the availability of application on an industrial scale. The capture experiment was carried out on a laboratory installation, a sorbent was clogged into the adsorber and an air stream with carbon dioxide was passed through it. Carbon dioxide not absorbed by the sorbent was fed into a flask with a solution of sodium hydroxide concentration of 0.01 n. At the end of the experiment, the alkalinity of the sodium hydroxide solution was determined by the titrimetric method. According to the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that the following sorbents have the greatest carbon dioxide trapping capacity: quicklime and slaked lime, as well as zeolite impregnated in sodium hydroxide solution. From the point of view of scientific interest, bentonite can be distinguished, which captures carbon dioxide by almost 80 %. The remaining sorbents under study have an average trapping capacit

Интеграция высокотемпературного топливного элемента с системой улавливания СО2 в энергетический цикл тепловой электрической станции

The molten carbonate fuel cell allows for capturing, separating and concentrating CO2 as it passes through the carbonate melt from the cathode side to the anode side, while simultaneously generating electricity and heat. The article presents the technology and flow diagram of a system for capturing CO2 from flue gases of a thermal power plant in a high-temperature fuel cell on molten carbonates with subsequent conversion and utilization of gaseous combustible products in the energy cycle of a thermal power plant. The fuel cell runs on natural gas with internal reforming. After the fuel cell, the gas leaving the anode is sent to the conversion unit where, in reaction with carbon at high temperatures, combustible gases are formed that are suitable for re-combustion in the turbine. For power plants and a system for capturing and converting carbon dioxide, thermodynamic, technical and economic calculations were carried out. The efficiency of a high-temperature fuel cell is 42 %. In the baseline scenario, the net energy efficiency of the plant is 61 % while a CO2 capture ration is 80–85 %. The return of fuel gases after the conversion of carbon dioxide, taking into account their calorific value, makes it possible to additionally increase the electric power of the thermal power plant up to 20 %. With a unit cost of a fuel cell of 1300 EUR/kW and a price of natural gas of 0.04 EUR/kW, the total electricity cost of the plant is 0.074 EUR/kW. The results show that the proposed system is attractive for natural gas power generation with CO2 capture.Топливный элемент на расплавленных карбонатах позволяет улавливать, сепарировать и концентрировать углекислый газ во время перехода его через расплав карбонатов от катодной стороны к анодной, одновременно генерируя электричество и теплоту. В статье представлены технология и технологическая схема системы улавливания СО2 из дымовых газов тепловой электрической станции в высокотемпературном топливном элементе на расплавленных карбонатах с последующей конверсией и утилизацией газообразных горючих продуктов в энергетическом цикле тепловой электрической станции. Топливный элемент работает на природном газе с внутренним риформингом. После топливного элемента выходящий с анода газ направляется в блок конверсии, где в реакции с углеродом при высоких температурах образуются горючие газы, пригодные для повторного сжигания в турбине. Для энергетических установок, системы улавливания и конверсии углекислого газа проводились термодинамические, технико-экономические расчеты. Коэффициент полезного действия высокотемпературного топливного элемента 42 %. В базовом сценарии чистая энергоэффективность станции 61 % при степени улавливания CO2 80–85 %. Возврат топливных газов после конверсии СО2 с учетом их теплотворной способности позволяет дополнительно увеличить электрическую мощность тепловой электрической станции до 20 %. При удельной стоимости топливного элемента 1300 евро/кВт и цене на природный газ 0,04 евро/кВт полная стоимость электроэнергии установки составляет 0,074 евро/кВт. Результаты показывают, что предложенная система привлекательна для производства электроэнергии на природном газе с улавливанием углекислого газа

The story named “Instant” of Halise Şirmen

Hikâyede İkinci  Dünya  Savaşı’nın  sona  erdiği  yıllarda  Sovyet  askerlerini  taşıyan  trende  yolculuk yapan bir Tatar askerinin vatanına, insanlarına ve askerdeyken konuşması yasak olan diline olan  özlemi anlatılır. Sovyet ordusu, dört yıl Doğu’nun birçok bölgesinde savaştıktan sonra Avrupa’da güvenliği  koruma adına trenle Batı’ya doğru yola çıkar. Tren Tatarların merkezi olan Kazan’da on dakika mola verir. Bir  Tatar askeri molada tren yoluna yakın bir evin bahçesine girer. Vatanının bitkileriyle, çiçekleriyle konuşur,  toprağını yüzüne sürer, evin sahibi olan yaşlı teyzeyle Tatarca konuşur, onun eşi ve çocuğunun da askere  gittiğini öğrenir. Trenin kalkmasına daha bir dakika varken tren yoluna geri döner fakat geldiği tren yerinde  yoktur. Yaşadıklarının gerçek mi hayal mi olduğu arasında gelgitler yaşarken yanındaki insanlar bir var olur  bir yok olur. Tuzlu gözyaşları dudaklarına doğru akarken dudaklarından sadece şu ses duyulur: “Askeri  mahkeme… Askeri mahkeme…”  Çalışmamızda Halise Şirmen’in bu hikâyesi Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmıştır.

An analysis on the "Notes of Moabit" by Musa Celil

Musa Celil, 1906’da dünyaya gelmiş ve otuz dokuz yıllık kısa bir yaşamın ardından 1945 yılında hayata veda etmiş, fakat bu kısa zamana çok sayıda ölümsüz eseri sığdırabilmiş önemli bir Tatar şairidir. Bu kısa süre içerisinde verdiği eserlerle Tatar sanatçılarına ilham kaynağı olmuş ve Tatar sanat dünyasında adı konulmamış yeni bir edebî akımın ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Musa Celil, birçok önemli eserini İkinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında tutuklu kaldığı Alman Moabit Toplama Kampı'nda oldukça zor şartlar altında yazmıştır. Burada yazdığı şiirleri, Tatar halkı tarafından dilden dile ulaştırılarak çoğaltılmış, ölümünden sonra da “Moabit Defterleri” adı altında kitaplaştırılarak yayınlanmıştır. Bu şiirlerde vatan sevgisi, vatan özlemi, gurbet, sevgiliye ve dostlara duyulan hasret ile kahramanlık duyguları yoğun olarak işlenmektedir. Musa Celil’in bu şiirlerinde kendisine özgü dil ve üslup özellikleri dikkat çekerAn Analysis on the "Notes of Moabit" by Musa CelilMusa Celil is a prominent Tatar poet who was born in 1906 and died in 1945. In his short life he wrote many distinguished poems. He was a source of inspiration for other Tatarian writers. He was the leading figure for a new literary movement emerged in Tatarian literature. For now this movement hasnot been named or identified. During the years of World War II. Musa Celil wrote his many important poems when he was under arrest in Moabit Concentration Camp built by the Germans. The conditions were very hard in the camp. Even under this circumstance Tatar people conveyed these poems to each other and didn not let them fade away. After Celil’s death the poems were collected and published under the name Moabit Defterleri (Moabit Letters). Patriotism, homesickness, yearning for the beloved and friends, and feelings of heroism are the main themes of his poems. This article aims to introduce the distinctiveness of Celil’s poems in respect to language and style