Thanthai Periyar's Humanistic Principles

Father Periyar was a great personality of Tamil Nadu. Who developed a theoretical definition of the struggle for social justice? Periyar's ideas will give a new impetus not only to yesterday, but also to future activists. This article is written to highlight Periyar's views, especially on art, literature and culture, and to raise awareness for future generations. This article examines Periyar's humanitarian theory, Periyar's unique contributions to the struggle for social justice, and Periyar's views on art literature. It seeks to explain the purpose for which Periyar worked to create a harmonious society, and how he historically assessed the culture, worship traditions, and mythology of Tamil Nadu. This study addresses the need for the development of periology as a theory from a sociological perspective. Thus, this study seeks to establish that Periyar is the one who belongs to all time

A smart material based approach to morphing

This presentation gives an overview of the Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based approach to the research and13; development of adaptive/smart/morphing airframe structural technologies at the Advanced Composites13; Division, NAL. Central to this approach is the efficient integration of thermal NiTi SMA elements with13; polymeric carbon composites. The SMA elements could be either externally placed or embedded in the13; polymeric composite. The external connection could be in the form of mechanisms / devices

GROWTH RETARDANTS effects ON FLOWERING AND YIELD PARAMETERS OF SPANISH JASMINE (Jasminum grandiflorum L.)

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of growth retardants on flowering and yield parameters and shelf life of spanish jasmine. The experiment comprised of eleven treatments each replicated thrice was executed following the principles of randomized block design. The treatments included foliar spray of CCC @ 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm, alar @ 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm, ethrel @ 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm, pruning and untreated control. In this study, the application of CCC 1500 ppm exerted favourable influence and enhanced the flower bud characters viz., flower bud length (2.98 cm), flower stalk length (2.36 cm) and total length of the flower (5.34 cm). The yield and yield attributes viz., hundred flower buds weight (9.90 g), flower buds yield plant-1 (4.23 kg), flower buds yield plot-1 (33.84 kg) and flower buds yield hectare-1 (14.1 t ha-1) were also found to be the maximum in the plants treated with CCC 1500 ppm. The plant growth retardants did not show any significant effect on shelf life of flowers

Ethanobotanical studies on Achyranthes aspera Linn. among the folk peoples of Tamilnadu, South India

The study documents indigenous Achyranthes aspera used for folk and tribal medicine in South Indian medicinal system.We have to take the survey among the village peoples and tribal peoples in concern district of Tamilnadu .The plant are commonly used for certain diseases and this is discussed with the literature

A Multi segment Morphing System for a Micro Air Vehicle using Shape Memory Alloy Actuators

A configurable multi-segment morphing system for a micro air vehicle (MAV) is presented in this study. One of the novelties is the development of an adaptive control allocation algorithm that provides fast, simultaneous and independent operation of four morphing segments using shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators. The SMA operation is time-staggered in microsecond resolution to ensure that only one SMA draws power from the MAV battery at a time. The other novelties are the in-flight measurement of morphing angle using dual flex-sensors and morphing of leading edges such that the ‘morphing-line’ is diagonal (45º) to the MAV’s lateral axis. The system was implemented on an open source autopilot controller and operated using the MAV battery. It was ground-tested under propeller ON conditions and a droop rate of 35º/s and ability to track a 1 Hz sinusoidal variation of droop angle were realised

Immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis and novel mechanisms of vaccine activity

SummaryThe 4th Global Forum on TB Vaccines, convened in Shanghai, China, from 21 – 24 April 2015, brought together a wide and diverse community involved in tuberculosis vaccine research and development to discuss the current status of, and future directions for this critical effort. This paper summarizes the sessions on Immunopathogenesis of Tuberculosis, and Immunopathogenesis and Novel Mechanisms of Vaccine Activity. Summaries of all sessions from the 4th Global Forum are compiled in a special supplement of Tuberculosis

Unsuspected Bacterial Infection in Deceased Donors and Its Impact on Immediate Post Operative Infections in Liver Recipients.

INTRODUCTION : For end stage liver disease, liver transplantation is the best treatment. The leading cause of morbidity and mortality in liver transplant patient is infection, especially bacterial infection in early post operative period. Donors are one of the important source for bacterial infection. In past, It was considered systemic bacterial infection in donors as contraindication for organ donation for transmitting infection to immune suppressed recipient. It also affect transplanted liver’s preservability and its function. Transplanted liver is less able to respond to the infective organisms because of recipient’s immunosuppressive state. Their potential risks must be weighed against recipient’s disease severity without transplant . At the same time, in the scenario of increasing demand for organs due to rise in liver diseases, every potential liver graft must be considered for transplant regardless of the infection, to minimize waiting list and mortality. Till now, unstable brain dead patients with severe bacterial and fungal sepsis (culture proved) is a contraindication for organ retrieval. Though some donors look clinically stable, but still they may harbor bacterial infections. In most of the time, donor’s cultures results are available only few days after transplant surgery. There must be every possibility of transmission of donor derived bacterial infection. This consequence of transmission of unsuspected, donor infection to the recipients are not clearly known. Still controversies persists. In recent studies, the infection related complication in recipient due to infected graft are reported as less common and recommend for less restrictive policy of organ duration. But still the evidence are scarce and controversial. AIM : The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of unsuspected donor bacterial infections in recipients. OBJECTIVES : - To determine the incidence of bacterial donor infection. - To analyze duration of ICU stay and donor infections - To analyze donor risk factors for donor infection. - To analyze about recipient infection in immediate post operative period (one week ). - To analyze about type of bacterial infections both in donors and recipients. - To analyze about the main risk factors and its impact on recipient infections. - To analyze the influence of donor infection on graft and patient short-term survival (30-day patient survival). MATERIALS AND METHOD : Deceased donor liver transportation are done in our department since 2008. This is a prospective comparative study to find out risk factors for bacterial infection in donors and donor related recipient infections. The study was conducted from August 2009 to January 2012. The study period is thirty months. Inclusion criteria: The clinically stable donors whose culture status is not known before transplantation. The recipients underwent deceased donor liver transplantation. Exclusion criteria : Cadaver with overt sepsis. Ineligible cadaver for organ donation, due to other medical and ethical reasons. Recipient with pre transplant culture positive status. Recipient who developed infection after one week. Recipient who died in first week after transplantation due to non-infectious cause. CONCLUSION : By analyzing all the factor in donors and recipients, It can be concluded as : Duration of ICU stay , number of inotropes required and its dose are well associated with donor infection. Total WBC count, elevated liver enzymes and renal parameters are important risk indicators for donor infection. Cold ischemia time plays a major role in recipient infection related morbidities by rendering the organs vulnerable to infection. Routine usage of broad spectrum antibiotic followed by appropriate antibiotics prevent effective transmission infection from donor to recipient. The rate of infection transmitted from donor to recipient is neglible. So infection in clinically stable donors are not a contraindication to harvest the organs. But the same time, whenever the donor infection is transmitted to recipient, it produce significant major infection related morbidities. Though the mortality rate was statically insignificant, it increase recipient‟s hospital stay and medical expenditure. Appropriately treated pre transplant donor and recipient infections do not adversely affect outcome including the risk of post transplant infections or mortality after liver transplantation. Over all , by not rejecting the clinically stable but infected donors , expand the donor pool . Many literature supporting the organs donation from donor with sepsis. Most of them are from western studies which is not representing the developing countries. Scenarios in developing countries like India is totally different especially standard of ICU care , medical facilities, surgical experience. This study is from the government institute typically representing the rest of country