Characteristics, distribution and morphogenesis of subtidal microbial systems in Shark Bay, Australia

The distribution, nature and extent of microbial deposits in Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay have been investigated and mapped with emphasis on the occurrence, external morphologies, internal fabrics, constructional mechanisms, microbial communities, growth rates and sediment associations in the intertidal and previously little researched subtidal zone. Detailed georeferenced substrate mapping revealed extensive subtidal microbial deposits occupying approximately 300 km2 of the total Holocene 1400 km2 area of Hamelin Pool. The Microbial Pavement covers 227 km2 of the subtidal substrate that together with columnar structures reveals a subtidal microbial habitat which occupies an area 10 times larger than the area of the intertidal deposits. Microbial carbonate is composed of aragonite (80–98%) that reveals high positive values of δ13C (+4.46 to +5.88) and δ18O (+3.06 to +3.88) as a characteristic of the highly evaporative environment with extensive microbial activity. Oldest dated heads are 1915 and 1680 14C years BP, and the overall system was deposited in two stages; the first between 2000 and 1200 and the last from 900 years BP to the present. Slow growth rates vary from less than 0.1 mm/year to 0.5 mm/year. Different internal fabrics were constructed according to their position in relation to the littoral zone by distinct microbial communities, and lateral fabric relations have been established.Evidence of shallowing upward fabric sequences of microbial origin reflects relative falling sea levels during the late Holocene and is likely useful in ancient environmental interpretation. A sequence of events and mechanisms are described emphasizing differences between the stromatolitic, thrombolitic and cryptomicrobial deposits in Shark Bay. The new substrate map and depositional history for this distinctive and peculiar microbial habitat establish the significance of subtidal structures and emphasize the geoscientific importance of Hamelin Pool, especially with respect to early life studies and ancient analogues for understanding microbial activity, deposit characteristics, fenestral fabrics and distribution

Untersuchung und Bewertung von Hitzeeinwirkungen auf Bergleute im Steinkohlenbergbau. Report 1/2000 Abschlussbericht

Da bisher keine umfangreichen Studien zur Beanspruchung von Bergleuten an klimatisch belasteten Arbeitsplaetzen im Steinkohlenbergbau vorlagen, wurden 38 Bergleute ueber insgesamt 125 Schichten an Arbeitsplaetzen im Abwetterbereich von Streben untersucht (mittlere Klimabelastung am Arbeitsplatz (lokal): 16 C#<=#BET#<=#32 C). Es wurden folgende Beanspruchungsgroessen erhoben: Herzschlagfrequenz, Rektaltemperatur, Gewichtsverlust, zu Beginn der Studie auch der Energieumsatz bei typischen Taetigkeiten, Koerperstellungen und -haltungen sowie statische und dynamische Arbeitsanteile. Auf seiten der Belastungsgroessen wurden Arbeitsablaufprotokolle - orientiert an Arbeitszyklen - erstellt, sowie als wesentliche Parameter der Arbeitsumgebung Klima, Laerm, Fahrhoehe und Einfallen erfasst. An anthropometrischen Groessen wurden Koerpergroesse, Koerpermasse, Alter und Untertagejahre erfasst. Die koerperliche Leistungsfaehigkeit wurde ergometrisch bestimmt und daraus die maximale Sauerstoffaufnahme Vo_2_m_a_x ermittelt. (orig.)38 miners were examined over a period of 125 manshifts in exposed working sites in coal mines (local temperature average 16 C#<=#BET#<=#32 C). The following parameters wre measured: Heart rate, rectal temperature, loss of weight, and at the onset of the study also the energy consumption for typical activities, body positions, and static and dynamic work components. Load protocols were drawn up parallel to the working cycles with climate, noise, underground working depth and inclination as main parameters. Anthropogenic parameters were body size, body mass, age, and years of working underground. The physical fitness was established by ergometric measurements, and the maximum oxygen uptake Vo_2_m_a_x as calculated on this basisWith project no. 65.11-688-2SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekLandesoberbergamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, Dortmund (Germany)DEGerman