642 research outputs found
Nonlinear wave propagation through cold plasma
Electromagnetic wave propagation through cold collision free plasma is
studied using the nonlinear perturbation method. It is found that the equations
can be reduced to the modified Kortweg-de Vries equation
Progressive internal gravity waves with bounded upper surface climbing a triangular obstacle
In this paper we discuss a theoretical model for the interfacial profiles of
progressive non-linear waves which result from introducing a triangular
obstacle, of finite height, attached to the bottom below the flow of a
stratified, ideal, two layer fluid, bounded from above by a rigid boundary. The
derived equations are solved by using a nonlinear perturbation method. The
dependence of the interfacial profile on the triangular obstacle size, as well
as its dependence on some flow parameters, such as the ratios of depths and
densities of the two fluids, have been studied
Kakutani Dichotomy on Free States
Two quasi-free states on a CAR or CCR algebra are shown to generate
quasi-equivalent representations unless they are disjoint.Comment: 12 page
Differential regulation of a MYB transcription factor is correlated with transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of trichome density in Mimulus guttatus
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Scoville, A. G., Barnett, L. L., Bodbyl-Roels, S., Kelly, J. K. and Hileman, L. C. (2011), Differential regulation of a MYB transcription factor is correlated with transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of trichome density in Mimulus guttatus. New Phytologist, 191: 251–263. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03656.x, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03656.x. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.Epigenetic inheritance, transgenerational transmission of traits not proximally determined by DNA sequence, has been linked to transmission of chromatin modifications and gene regulation, which are known to be sensitive to environmental factors. Mimulus guttatus increases trichome (plant hair) density in response to simulated herbivore damage. Increased density is expressed in progeny even if progeny do not experience damage. To better understand epigenetic inheritance of trichome production, we tested the hypothesis that candidate gene expression states are inherited in response to parental damage.
Using M. guttatus recombinant inbred lines, offspring of leaf-damaged and control plants were raised without damage. Relative expression of candidate trichome development genes was measured in offspring. Line and parental damage effects on trichome density were measured. Associations between gene expression, trichome density, and response to parental damage were determined.
We identified M. guttatus MYB MIXTA-like 8 as a possible negative regulator of trichome development. We found that parental leaf damage induces down-regulation of MYB MIXTA-like 8 in progeny, which is associated with epigenetically inherited increased trichome density.
Our results link epigenetic transmission of an ecologically important trait with differential gene expression states – providing insight into a mechanism underlying environmentally induced ‘soft inheritance’
The Administration of Xultophy for Diabetic Patients on Hemodialysis
Background: Recent diabetic treatments include Insulin Degludec/ liraglutide (IDeg/Lira, Xultophy) in clinical practice. Authors have continued clinical research concerning diabetes, chronic renal failure, dialysis, and others.
Subjects and Methods: Ten patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing hemodialysis were investigated. They showed that ages 74.5 ± 5.9 years, M/F=6/4, BMI 21.1± 3.8kg/m2, hemodialysis duration 8.1 ± 5.7 years. At the beginning, fundamental data were Cre 8.2 ± 1.9 mg/dL, HbA1c 6.5 ± 0.8%. Xultophy was started on 5-12 doses and continued for 6 months with the same or 1-4 increased doses for better glycemic variability.
Results: Out of 10 subjects, the changes in HbA1c showed a decrease in 7, stable in 2, and an increase in 1. HbA1c value was 6.2 ± 0.8% in average at 6 months. There were no remarkable adverse effects by Xultophy for 6 months.
Discussion and Conclusion: Xultophy was started at 5-12 doses, which were remarkably lower doses than usual doses with satisfactory efficacy. One of the reasons may be from the characteristic of the patients, who were diabetic with undergoing hemodialysis. Another factor is possibly from liraglutide, which has hepatic clearance with potential vascular protective effects. These results are expected to become reference data for future research
Conformally Invariant Fractals and Potential Theory
The multifractal (MF) distribution of the electrostatic potential near any
conformally invariant fractal boundary, like a critical O(N) loop or a
-state Potts cluster, is solved in two dimensions. The dimension of the boundary set with local wedge angle is , with the central charge of the
model. As a corollary, the dimensions
of the external perimeter and of the hull of a Potts cluster obey
the duality equation . A related covariant
MF spectrum is obtained for self-avoiding walks anchored at cluster boundaries.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur
Electron-acoustic plasma waves: oblique modulation and envelope solitons
Theoretical and numerical studies are presented of the amplitude modulation
of electron-acoustic waves (EAWs) propagating in space plasmas whose
constituents are inertial cold electrons, Boltzmann distributed hot electrons
and stationary ions. Perturbations oblique to the carrier EAW propagation
direction have been considered. The stability analysis, based on a nonlinear
Schroedinger equation (NLSE), reveals that the EAW may become unstable; the
stability criteria depend on the angle between the modulation and
propagation directions. Different types of localized EA excitations are shown
to exist.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.
Quantum capacity under adversarial quantum noise: arbitrarily varying quantum channels
We investigate entanglement transmission over an unknown channel in the
presence of a third party (called the adversary), which is enabled to choose
the channel from a given set of memoryless but non-stationary channels without
informing the legitimate sender and receiver about the particular choice that
he made. This channel model is called arbitrarily varying quantum channel
(AVQC). We derive a quantum version of Ahlswede's dichotomy for classical
arbitrarily varying channels. This includes a regularized formula for the
common randomness-assisted capacity for entanglement transmission of an AVQC.
Quite surprisingly and in contrast to the classical analog of the problem
involving the maximal and average error probability, we find that the capacity
for entanglement transmission of an AVQC always equals its strong subspace
transmission capacity. These results are accompanied by different notions of
symmetrizability (zero-capacity conditions) as well as by conditions for an
AVQC to have a capacity described by a single-letter formula. In he final part
of the paper the capacity of the erasure-AVQC is computed and some light shed
on the connection between AVQCs and zero-error capacities. Additionally, we
show by entirely elementary and operational arguments motivated by the theory
of AVQCs that the quantum, classical, and entanglement-assisted zero-error
capacities of quantum channels are generically zero and are discontinuous at
every positivity point.Comment: 49 pages, no figures, final version of our papers arXiv:1010.0418v2
and arXiv:1010.0418. Published "Online First" in Communications in
Mathematical Physics, 201
Conceptualisation, Development, Fabrication and In Vivo Validation of a Novel Disintegration Tester for Orally Disintegrating Tablets
Disintegration time is the key critical quality attribute for a tablet classed as an Orally Disintegrating Tablet (ODT). The currently accepted in vitro testing regimen for ODTs is the standard United States Pharmacopeia (USP) test for disintegration of immediate release tablets, which requires a large volume along with repeated submergence of the dosage form within the disintegration medium. The aim of this study was to develop an in vivo relevant ODT disintegration test that mimicked the environment of the oral cavity, including lower volume of disintegration medium, with relevant temperature and humidity that represent the conditions of the mouth. The results showed that the newly developed Aston test was able to differentiate between different ODTs with small disintegration time windows, as well as between immediate release tablets and ODTs. The Aston test provided higher correlations between ODT properties and disintegration time compared to the USP test method and most significantly, resulted in a linear in vitro/in vivo correlation (IVIVC) (R 2 value of 0.98) compared with a "hockey stick" profile of the USP test. This study therefore concluded that the newly developed Aston test is an accurate, repeatable, relevant and robust test method for assessing ODT disintegration time which will provide the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory authorities across the world with a pragmatic ODT testing regime
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