The Simplest Solution to an Underdetermined System of Linear Equations

Consider a d*n matrix A, with d<n. The problem of solving for x in y=Ax is underdetermined, and has infinitely many solutions (if there are any). Given y, the minimum Kolmogorov complexity solution (MKCS) of the input x is defined to be an input z (out of many) with minimum Kolmogorov-complexity that satisfies y=Az. One expects that if the actual input is simple enough, then MKCS will recover the input exactly. This paper presents a preliminary study of the existence and value of the complexity level up to which such a complexity-based recovery is possible. It is shown that for the set of all d*n binary matrices (with entries 0 or 1 and d<n), MKCS exactly recovers the input for an overwhelming fraction of the matrices provided the Kolmogorov complexity of the input is O(d). A weak converse that is loose by a log n factor is also established for this case. Finally, we investigate the difficulty of finding a matrix that has the property of recovering inputs with complexity of O(d) using MKCS.Comment: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory Seattle, Washington, July 9-14, 200

Seismocardiographic Signal Timing with Myocardial Strain

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) is a relatively new method for cardiac function evaluation. In the current study, STE was used to investigate the timing of heart-induced mostly subaudible (i.e., below the frequency limit of human hearing) chest-wall vibrations in relation to the longitudinal myocardial strain. Such an approach may help elucidate the genesis of these vibrations, thereby improving their diagnostic value

Level studies of 93Mo via 93Nb(p, nγ)93Mo reaction and density of discrete levels in 93Mo

The excited states of 93Mo have been investigated via the 93Nb(P,nγ)93Mo reaction with proton beam energies of 2.5-4.3 MeV. The parameters of the nuclear level density formula were determined from the extensive and complete level scheme of 93Mo. The Bethe formula for the back-shifted Fermi gas model and the constant temperature model are compared with experimental level densities

A new approach to targetry and cyclotron production of 45Ti by proton irradiation of 45Sc

Titanium-45 with a half-life of 3.09 hours decays by emission of positrons (85%) and the electron capture process (15%). These properties make this radionuclide useful in the diagnosis of tumors by positron emission tomography. In this study, after having considered the excitation functions for the 45Sc(p, n)45Ti reaction using TALYS and ALICE/ASH codes and after the comparison with other experimental data, 45Ti was produced by dint of the pressing method and a newly designed and manufactured shuttle and capsule, resulting in an experimental yield of 403.3 MBq/mAh. Essential target thickness and physical yield were calculated. The scandium oxide target was irradiated at a 20 mA current and a 21 MeV proton beam energy for 1 hour

Atg16l1 koordiniert die Antwort auf DNA-Schäden im intestinalen Epithel

Chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen (CED) sind mit einem erhöhten Krebsrisiko verbunden. Die Ätiologie von CED wird als multifaktoriell betrachtet, mit einer signifikanten erblichen Komponente. Ein wichtiges Gen in diesem Kontext ist ATG16L1, das für die Autophagie essentiell ist und eine Rolle in zahlreichen zellulären Prozessen spielt. Es kann nur ein Teil der erblichen Komponente durch die bisher identifizierten Risiko-Loci erklärt werden, was unter anderem auf die komplexe Interaktionen von Risiko-Loci untereinander und Umweltfaktoren hinweist. Unter Verwendung verschiedener in vivo, in vitro und ex vitro Modelle wurde die Interaktion zwischen DNA-Schäden und ATG16L1 untersucht. Als Modell für chronische DNA-Schäden wurde eine intestinale epithelspezifische Deletion von Rnaseh2b verwendet. Rnaseh2b ist verantwortlich für das Entfernen von fälschlich in den DNA-Strang eingebauten RNA-Fragmenten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ATG16L1 für die Reparatur von DNA-Schäden und den Erhalt der Zellhomöostase notwendig ist. In ATG16L1-defizienten Zellen und Organoiden wurde ein erhöhter Zelltod beobachtet. Auch in vivo führte eine Kodeletion von Atg16l1 und Rnaseh2b zu vermehrten Entzündungen und einem erhöhten Zelltod bei vermehrten DNA-Schäden. Überraschend führte die Kodeletion von Atg16l1 und Rnaseh2b zu vermehrter Proliferation im Stammzellkompartiment. Durch RNA-Sequenzierung rückten verschiedene Signalwege in den Fokus. Die Empfindlichkeit gegenüber induzierter Kolitis zeigte sich trotz vermehrter Proliferation erhöht

"I'LL SPEAK FOR BOTH SIDES": Coloniality and Hybridity in Identity Construction in Leslie Marmon Silko's Ceremony

This study explores the complex relations between coloniality and hybridity in identity construction for the Native American community in Leslie Marmon Silko's novel Ceremony. The study aims to examine how these literary techniques contribute to the protagonist's construction of identity, specifically focusing on his mixed-race identity and the way in which coloniality influences his experience. Through close reading, the study explores instances of hybridity and magical realism in the novel, examining their role in challenging societal norms, resisting colonial power structures, and disrupting dominant narratives. The findings signify the significance of hybridity as a form of resistance against coloniality in identity construction. With the incorporation of magical realism, Silko creates a "third space" of negotiation, allowing for a blurring of the lines and new identity constructions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of Native American experiences and identities by addressing colonialism's impact on the community and identity construction

A Text Mining-Based Anomaly aZDetection Model in Network Security

Anomaly detection systems are extensively used security tools to detect cyber-threats and attack activities in computer systems and networks. In this paper, we present Text Mining-Based Anomaly Detection (TMAD) model. We discuss n-gram text categorization and focus our attention on a main contribution of method TF-IDF (Term frequency, inverse document frequency), which enhance the performance commonly term weighting schemes are used, where the weights reflect the importance of a word in a specific document of the considered collection. Mahalanobis Distances Map (MDM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are used to discover hidden correlations between the features and among the packet payloads. Experiments have been accomplished to estimate the performance of TMAD against ISCX dataset 2012 intrusion detection evaluation dataset. The results show TMAD has good accuracy

Identification of mixed-symmetry states in an odd-mass nearly-spherical nucleus

The low-spin structure of 93Nb has been studied using the (n,n' gamma) reaction at neutron energies ranging from 1.5 to 3.0 MeV and the 94Zr(p,2n gamma)93Nb reaction at bombarding energies from 11.5 to 19 MeV. States at 1779.7 and 1840.6 keV, respectively, are proposed as mixed-symmetry states associated with the coupling of a proton hole in the p_1/2 orbit to the 2+_1,ms state in 94Mo. These assignments are derived from the observed M1 and E2 transition strengths to the symmetric one-phonon states, energy systematics, spins and parities, and comparison with shell model calculations.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure