231 research outputs found
Lâutilisation de la dent dans le domaine des empreintes gĂ©nĂ©tiques
Blood, hairs and sperm are tissues currently used in Forensic Science to carry out DNA fingerprints in the field of individual identification. Our study aims at showing that dental pulp can also be an exploitable DNA source.A quantitative and qualitative DNA investigation on a yield gel with sizing extracted from this tissue shows that the molecule appears to be in a great quantity and of a high molecular weight. The last characteristic allows the use of the restriction fragments lenght polymorphic technique to make DNA fingerprints, based on the individual variations of the restriction sites disposition, within the DNA molecule, for a given enzyme.Thus, for an enzyme, the lenght of the restriction fragments obtained and revealed by a probe, is visualized by autoradiograph.According to this technique, we compared the DNA fingerprints obtained on 8 persons with the probe MS43A, from both pulpar and nucleated blood cells.During the extraction of the third molar of each sample, a small quantity of blood was taken in the tooth socket. In the same time DNA was recovered.For a same person, the autoradiograph showed the same pattern for both blood and toogth sample.The DNA profile similitude confirms the possibility of using the tooth for genetic analysis. The interest in using dental tissues as a DNA source of individual identification falls within the particular character of resistance of this organ towards physical or chemical exterior agressions.The tooth which until now was used in Anthropology and Forensic Science for its morphological aspects could be used this way for genetic study.Les caractĂ©ristiques qualitatives et quantitatives de lâADN extrait Ă partir des cellules pulpaires permettent de rĂ©aliser des empreintes gĂ©nĂ©tiques par la mĂ©thode des polymorphismes de restriction. Lâapplication de ces techniques de biologie molĂ©culaire aux tissus dentaires ouvre des perspectives intĂ©ressantes dans les domaines de la mĂ©decine lĂ©gale et de lâanthropologie du fait mĂȘme de la pĂ©rĂ©nitĂ© de la dent
Distributed control and navigation system for quadrotor UAVs in GPS-denied environments
The problem of developing distributed control and navigation system for
quadrotor UAVs operating in GPS-denied environments is addressed in the paper.
Cooperative navigation, marker detection and mapping task solved by a team of
multiple unmanned aerial vehicles is chosen as demo example. Developed
intelligent control system complies with on 4D\RCS reference model and its
implementation is based on ROS framework. Custom implementation of EKF-based
map building algorithm is used to solve marker detection and map building task.Comment: Camera-ready as submitted (and accepted) to the 7th IEEE
International Conference Intelligent Systems IS'2014, September 24-26, 2014,
Warsaw, Polan
iSAM2 : incremental smoothing and mapping using the Bayes tree
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Sage for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in International Journal of Robotics Research 31 (2012): 216-235, doi:10.1177/0278364911430419.We present a novel data structure, the Bayes tree, that provides an algorithmic foundation enabling a better understanding of
existing graphical model inference algorithms and their connection to sparse matrix factorization methods. Similar to a clique
tree, a Bayes tree encodes a factored probability density, but unlike the clique tree it is directed and maps more naturally to the
square root information matrix of the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem. In this paper, we highlight three
insights provided by our new data structure. First, the Bayes tree provides a better understanding of the matrix factorization in
terms of probability densities. Second, we show how the fairly abstract updates to a matrix factorization translate to a simple
editing of the Bayes tree and its conditional densities. Third, we apply the Bayes tree to obtain a completely novel algorithm
for sparse nonlinear incremental optimization, named iSAM2, which achieves improvements in efficiency through incremental
variable re-ordering and fluid relinearization, eliminating the need for periodic batch steps. We analyze various properties of
iSAM2 in detail, and show on a range of real and simulated datasets that our algorithm compares favorably with other recent
mapping algorithms in both quality and efficiency.M. Kaess, H. Johannsson and J. Leonard were partially supported
by ONR grants N00014-06-1-0043 and N00014-10-1-0936. F. Dellaert and R. Roberts were partially supported by
NSF, award number 0713162, âRI: Inference in Large-Scale
Graphical Modelsâ. V. Ila has been partially supported by the
Spanish MICINN under the Programa Nacional de Movilidad
de Recursos Humanos de InvestigaciĂłn
KCND3 potassium channel gene variant confers susceptibility to electrocardiographic early repolarization pattern
The German version of the self-injurious thoughts and behaviors interview (SITBI-G): a tool to assess non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior disorder
Why alternative teenagers self-harm: exploring the link between non-suicidal self-injury, attempted suicide and adolescent identity
Background:
The term âself-harmâ encompasses both attempted suicide and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Specific adolescent subpopulations such as ethnic or sexual minorities, and more controversially, those who identify as âAlternativeâ (Goth, Emo) have been proposed as being more likely to self-harm, while other groups such as âJocksâ are linked with protective coping behaviours (for example exercise). NSSI has autonomic (it reduces negative emotions) and social (it communicates distress or facilitates group âbondingâ) functions. This study explores the links between such aspects of self-harm, primarily NSSI, and youth subculture.<p></p>
Methods:
An anonymous survey was carried out of 452 15 year old German school students. Measures included: identification with different youth cultures, i.e. Alternative (Goth, Emo, Punk), Nerd (academic) or Jock (athletic); social background, e.g. socioeconomic status; and experience of victimisation. Self-harm (suicide and NSSI) was assessed using Self-harm Behavior Questionnaire and the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation (FASM).<p></p>
Results:
An âAlternativeâ identity was directly (râââ0.3) and a âJockâ identity inversely (râââ-0.1) correlated with self-harm. âAlternativeâ teenagers self-injured more frequently (NSSI 45.5% vs. 18.8%), repeatedly self-injured, and were 4â8 times more likely to attempt suicide (even after adjusting for social background) than their non-Alternative peers. They were also more likely to self-injure for autonomic, communicative and social reasons than other adolescents.<p></p>
Conclusions:
About half of âAlternativeâ adolescentsâ self-injure, primarily to regulate emotions and communicate distress. However, a minority self-injure to reinforce their group identity, i.e. âTo feel more a part of a groupâ
Prevalence of pathological internet use among adolescents in Europe: demographic and social factors.
AIMS:
To investigate the prevalence of pathological internet use (PIU) and maladaptive internet use (MIU) among adolescents in 11 European countries in relation to demographic, social factors and internet accessibility.
DESIGN:
Cross-sectional survey.
SETTING:
The 7th Framework European Union (EU) funded project, Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE), is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating interventions for risk behaviours among adolescents in Austria, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Romania, Slovenia and Spain, with Sweden serving as the coordinating centre.
PARTICIPANTS:
A total of 11â956 adolescents (female/male: 6731/5225; mean age: 14.9â±â0.89) recruited from randomly selected schools within the 11 study sites.
MEASUREMENTS:
Internet users were classified by gender into three categories: adaptive, maladaptive and pathological, based on their score in the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction (YDQ).
FINDINGS:
The overall prevalence of PIU was 4.4%; it was higher among males than females (5.2% versus 3.8%) and differed between countries (Ï(2) â=â309.98; d.f.â=â20; Pâ<â0.001). PIU correlated significantly with mean hours online and male gender. The highest-ranked online activities were watching videos, frequenting chatrooms and social networking; significantly higher rates of playing single-user games were found in males and social networking in females. Living in metropolitan areas was associated with PIU. Students not living with a biological parent, low parental involvement and parental unemployment showed the highest relative risks of both MIU and PIU.
CONCLUSIONS:
Across a range of countries in Europe, using the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction yields a prevalence of 'pathological internet use' of 4.4% among adolescents, but varies by country and gender; adolescents lacking emotional and psychological support are at highest risk
Large-Scale Candidate Gene Analysis of HDL Particle Features
Background: HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is an established marker of cardiovascular risk with significant genetic determination. However, HDL particles are not homogenous, and refined HDL phenotyping may improve insight into regulation of HDL metabolism. We therefore assessed HDL particles by NMR spectroscopy and conducted a large-scale candidate gene association analysis. Methodology/Principal Findings: We measured plasma HDL-C and determined mean HDL particle size and particle number by NMR spectroscopy in 2024 individuals from 512 British Caucasian families. Genotypes were 49,094 SNPs in >2,100 cardiometabolic candidate genes/loci as represented on the HumanCVD BeadChip version 2. False discovery rates (FDR) were calculated to account for multiple testing. Analyses on classical HDL-C revealed significant associations (FDR<0.05) only for CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein; lead SNP rs3764261: p = 5.6*10(-15)) and SGCD (sarcoglycan delta; rs6877118: p = 8.6*10(-6)). In contrast, analysis with HDL mean particle size yielded additional associations in LIPC (hepatic lipase; rs261332: p = 6.1*10(-9)), PLTP (phospholipid transfer protein, rs4810479: p = 1.7*10(-8)) and FBLN5 (fibulin-5; rs2246416: p = 6.2*10(-6)). The associations of SGCD and Fibulin-5 with HDL particle size could not be replicated in PROCARDIS (n = 3,078) and/or the Women's Genome Health Study (n = 23,170). Conclusions: We show that refined HDL phenotyping by NMR spectroscopy can detect known genes of HDL metabolism better than analyses on HDL-C
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