Wpływ opieki nad upośledzonym dzieckiem na funkcjonowanie rodziny

Introduction. The birth of a child with a handicap is always the quality and cohesion test of family relationships. As reported in Matějček, the birth of a child with a handicap may ruin the family, or bind vice versa. Family cohesion is under the influence of this situation always threatened and especially when a child with a handicap comes to the family during the transition between different developmental phases.Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the preference for the use of coping strategies and their differences between mothers and fathers in the care of a child with a disability.Material and Methods. Research was conducted on a sample of fathers and mothers who care to provide their disabled child. To collect empirical data was used — COPE — coping questionnaire that identifies reactive strategies aimed at the problem.Results. Data analysis revealed that fathers cope with the burden of caring for a disabled child used more strategies aimed at the problem. For mothers prevails more emotion focused on social support, positive reinterpretation, acceptance and expression of emotions, behavioural and mental disengagement from the problem.Conclusions. Determination of risk factors is the first step of family assessment. Evaluation methods for identifying risk factors in the family provide immediate possibility of setting needs and focus on the appropriate intervention family support program. (JNNN 2015;4(4):158–161)Wstęp. Narodziny dziecka z upośledzeniem jest zawsze testem na trwałość i spójność więzi rodzinnych. Jak zostało napisane w Matějček, narodziny upośledzonego dziecka mogą zarówno zrujnować jak i wzmocnić rodzinę. Ta sytuacja ma znaczny wpływ na spójność więzi rodzinnych, szczególnie gdy niepełnosprawne dziecko pojawia się w rodzinie w czasie jej przejścia przez różne fazy rozwojowe.Cel. Celem badania było zdeterminowanie wyboru strategii radzenia sobie z zaistniałą sytuacją oraz analiza ich różnic w odniesieniu do kobiet i mężczyzn sprawujących opiekę nad upośledzonym dzieckiem.Materiał i metody. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone na grupie matek i ojców którzy sprawują opiekę nad upośledzonym dzieckiem. Dane zostały zgromadzone dzięki wykorzystaniu COPE — kwestionariusza radzenia sobie ze stresem, który identyfikuje reaktywne strategie koncentrujące się na problemie.Wyniki. Analiza zgromadzonych danych pokazała, że ojcowie radzą sobie z ciężarem opieki nad upośledzonym dzieckiem, wykorzystując przy tym więcej strategii skoncentrowanych na problemie. Z kolei u matek przeważają emocje związane z koncentracją na opinii publicznej, pozytywnej reinterpretacji, akceptacji, wyrażaniu emocji oraz behawioralnym i mentalnym oderwaniu od problemu.Wnioski. Determinacja wskaźników ryzyka jest pierwszym krokiem dla oceny rodziny. Metody oceny identyfikujące wskaźnik ryzyka w rodzinie dają możliwość określenia potrzeb i określają właściwy program wsparcia dla rodziny. (PNN 2015;4(4):158–161

Needs of a Child with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is defined as a generalized, multi-system group of symptoms resulting from the sudden discontinuation of fetal exposure to substances used by the mother during pregnancy. Symptoms of NAS are most dominant in the central nervous system and respiratory system of the infant. The aim of this work is to explore what the needs of infants with NAS are. Empirical data were collected by means of a qualitative research method, using case studies. The information was gathered during observation, conversation with medical staff and analysis of infants’ health documentation. The sample selection process was deliberate, choosing three infants diagnosed with NAS. Based on the analysis of the data we identified the need to reconsider the local standard of nursing care of infants with NAS.Zespół abstynencji noworodkowej (ang. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, NAS) definiuje się jako uogólnioną wielosystemową grupę objawów odstawiennych wynikających z nagłego przerwania ekspozycji płodu na substancje, które matka stosowała w czasie ciąży. Główne objawy dotyczą zwłaszcza ośrodkowego układu nerwowego i układu oddechowego niemowlęcia. Celem pracy jest zbadanie potrzeb niemowląt z NAS. Dane empiryczne zostały zebrane za pomocą jakościowej metody badawczej - studium przypadku, a informacje uzyskane podczas obserwacji, rozmowy z personelem medycznym i analizy dokumentacji zdrowotnej niemowląt. Dobór próby był celowy - troje niemowląt ze zdiagnozowanym NAS. Na podstawie analizy danych stwierdziliśmy potrzebę ponownego rozważenia lokalnych standardów opieki pielęgniarskiej nad niemowlętami z NAS

Assessment of psychological burden and occupational burnout in nurses working in Intensive Care Units in Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic

The work of an intensive care nurse involves the direct care of patients with life-threatening conditions. In this situation, the prevention of burdens associated with this work becomes important, but it must be preceded by their diagnosis. This diagnosis is possible using standardized tools for the subjective assessment of a psychological burden and an occupational burnout. Therefore, the aim of our research was to determine whether nurses working in the same specialties in different countries are exposed to the same burdens. The study involved 312 nurses, divided into three groups depending on their country of origin and in which they worked. Two equal groups of nurses each contained 106 people from Slovakia and the Czech Republic, while the third group was comprised of 100 people from Poland. The age of the groups studied, taken together was (M = 35.53 +/- 8.86 min. 22 years max. 60 years). Various results were observed as regards psychological burden and occupational burnout in the groups studied. The strongest differences related to overload, non-specific reaction to stress, feelings of personal achievement and depersonalization, which depended on age and length of service in each workplace. Assessment of the mental load can be used to improve the organization of Nurses' work creating safe working conditions in studied countries, taking into consideration the mobility of the workforce in the European Union.Ministry of Science and Higher Education for Scientific and Development Research [WZiNM/DS/7/2015-KON

Zdroje odolnosti v rodine pri starostlivosti o chronicky choré dieťa

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed paperIn tackling with the consequences of stressful situations, every family has a certain set of personal atitudes of cognitive and behavioral character, that regulates the relationship between stressful occurrences and family health. The contribution is focused on identifying sources of resistance in the family by the parent’s sex in the care of chronically ill child. To collect empirical data was used a standardized questionnaire „Family Hardiness Index“ (FHI). Sample consisted of 360 parents (181 mothers and 179 fathers) who provide care of chronically sick children (aged 1 – to 5 years of age) in the family. The results in the investigation fi le (in the sample) parents that her father reported generally higher level of family resilience as a mother. Towards an eff ec- tive stress coping in the family can signifi cantly contribute the assessment and identify sources of resistance in the family and the subsequent implementation of individual interventions such as part of nursing care under the care of chronically ill child

Children in alcoholic families

Praca recenzowana / Peer-reviewed paperAlcoholism as a serious social problem is not a product of recent times, however the intensity of this phenomenon in the most European countries is very disturbing, also in Poland. Drinking alcohol is a commonly accepted element of cultural rituals associated with important life situations. Alcohol (changing the mental state) is very attractive because it creates and maintains hope that a man may directly control and regulate one’s emotional life. The whole current civilisation focuses on developing the conviction that people can control their personal life satisfaction. Every moment of pleasure experienced after drinking alcohol reinforces the need to repeat this experience. An alcoholic causes all kinds of problems i.e. living, financial, and emotional. As a result his/ her whole family has to cope with a broadly understood alcohol/drinking problem. According to Woronowicz, between 4 and 5 millions of Polish citizens abuse alcohol, and 15 millions of Poles have to manage the consequences of drinking habit directly or indirectly. There are between 1.5 and 2 millions of children in this group of people and 500 000 of these children experience dramatic situations threatening their health and lives, responsible for significant damage in various functioning domains and their development. The objective of this study was to draw attention to the difficult situation of children from alcoholic families in various functioning domains. This work is a review of literature concerning alcoholism and drinking problems in families with respect to children’s situation

Contemporary epidemics

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed paperOver the centuries evolved threat to human health. Numerous epidemics decimated the population on the one hand, on the other hand are often a stimulus to the advancement of knowledge. This condition occurred in the discoveries of the century. Now, with the advancement of molecular and clinical base spawn new opportunities es in preventive and treatment procedures. But we cannot ignore the fact that the result of the advancement of knowledge could be an unknown pathogen. Salvation for the health of the people is the knowledge and common sense

Self-assessment of clinical competence of nursing students' at Slovak universities

Background: Professional training and education of nurses are based on their clinical competences. Competence is an integration of knowledge, skills, and abilities, applied in nursing practice situations. By educating students in nursing, we strive for level of competencies to be consistent with the performance of the nursing profession. Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze nursing students' self-assessment of competence levels at the time of graduation and to identify possible factors related the assessments of competence level. Sample and methodology: The research design had the character of a cross - sectional evaluation study, where The Nurse Competence Scale (NCS) was used to collect data. A total of 310 nursing students before completing the bachelor's degree, participated online to complete the NCS questionnaire, which represented 52.5% of the total number of graduating students at Slovak universities in the academic year 2018/2019. Results: The overall self-assessment of the competence level reached a score of 57.0 (± 15.9; min 45.80, max 70.87), which represents a good level of competence. Statistically significant correlations were confirmed between the higher level of self-assessment of competences and factors related to education and the frequency of their use in practice. Self-assessed competence makes it possible to identify areas that can be further developed and covered it will be necessary to focus on curricula and student training. Conclusion: Systematic self-assessment of competences, allows to assess readiness of nursing students to perform the profession of nurse in accordance with the expectations of practice. It also supports the responsibility of students for monitoring and motivation to study. </p

Family - Health - Disease

Praca recenzowana / Peer-reviewed paperThis publication includes opinion and research papers written by authors with academic backgrounds from the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland. The monograph consists of 14 chapters and the order of them refers to the relationship between the family and the health of its members. The first seven texts concern children’s health problems. The next two concern widely defined issues of nutrition and adult nursing. The next four discuss health issues of the elderly, while the last describes the dilemma of bereaved family members who have to decide about organ donation. The individual chapters show different aspects of family participation in the treatment and care of children, the elderly, the chronically ill, and the disabled. The discussed topics are a part of the wider issue of social medicine. A very important issue is the interdisciplinary problem of interaction between health and illness and their influence on the family, which is on one hand embedded in medical science, while on the other hand it refers to the social sciences, especially family sociology, psychology, pedagogy, and also social policy to some extent. The authors of the monograph also discuss the issue of life quality of the elderly living in domestic environments and the health and social problems they face. The authors also analyse the role of nurses in promoting health, such as immunisation, rational nutrition, and ethical aspects such as the screening of newborns. This monograph is addressed to all who work or want to work with families and support them in the difficult challenges posed by disease. The authors hope the monograph will increase understanding and familiarity with the health problems of relatives

Rodzina w zdrowiu i w chorobie. Uwarunkowania środowiskowe zdrowia

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed pape

Zagrożenia zdrowotne wśród dzieci i młodzieży. T. 2

Praca recenzowana / Peer-reviewed pape