Evaluation of Protective Potential of Aqueous Seed extract of Ripe Fruits of Carica papaya on Cyanide Induced Kidney Damage in Male Wister Rats

This study aimed to evaluate the protective potential of aqueous seed extract of ripe Carica papaya fruits on cyanide induced kidney damage in male Wister rats using 24 male rats divided into five groups. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the experimental period and serum and kidney were harvested for biochemical and histological analysis following standard procedures. Estimation of kidney function markers such as creatinine and urea and assessment of electrolytes of toxicological relevance; sodium ion, potassium ion, bicarbonate ion and chloride ion were carried out. The study revealed that cyanide stimulated alterations in kidney function makers: urea, creatinine and serum electrolytes. The result indicated that aqueous seed extract of Carica papaya fruits significantly increase Urea, creatinine, Cl-, HCO3-, K+ and Na+ activities in the rats induced with cyanide when compared with the positive control. However, the concentrations were significantly decreased in the treated groups when compared with the groups induced with cyanide. Histological analysis showed cyanide induced structural distortions of the kidney tissues. Treatment with Carica papaya seed extract was able to mitigate these damages. This study indicates that aqueous seed extract of ripe fruits of Carica papaya possesses nephro-protective properties and can be used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning

Acalypha wilkesiana (Copper leaf) Leaves Alters Acute Cyanide Induced Hepatoxicity in Wister Rats

The aim of this investigation is to ascertain the possible ameliorating potential of Acalyphaw ilkesiana (subsp. macrophylla) methanolic leaf extract on cyanide induced hepatotoxicity and haemato toxicity in Wister rats. A total of 35Wister rats weighing between 100 and 150g were apportioned into 7 groups at random, each containing 5 rats. Group 1: negative control, received no treatment; group 2 and 3 received 200 and 400 mg/kg of A. wilkesiana crude extract respectively; group 4: received cyanide only (positive control); group 5: received cyanide and 660 mg/kg sodium thiosulphate (standard group); group 6 and7 received 200 and 400 mg/kg of crude extract of A. wilkesiana respectively. The result indicates that methanolic extract of A.wilkesiana irrespective of the concentration significantly reduced ALT, AST, and ALP activities in the rats induced with cyanide when compared with the positive control. However, Albumin and Total Protein concentrations were significantly increased in the treated Groups when compared with the positive control. In conclusion, Acalypha wilkesiana leaves were able to ameliorate cyanide induced hepatotoxicity comparable to standard cyanide antidotes in Wister rats

Fracture panfaciale: un challenge thérapeutique: à propos d’une observation et revue de la littérature

La gestion des traumatismes de la face a subi plusieurs progrès dans la dernière décennie. Avec l'avènement de la tomodensitométrie bi- ettridimensionnelle, qui permet de dresser une cartographie précise des lésions osseuses, le développement du matériel d'ostéosynthèse, et lesprocédés de réduction des fractures. L'objectif est la restauration totale de la forme et la fonction de la face, seul garant pour empêcher lasurvenue de préjudices esthétiques et fonctionnels. Nous rapportons l'observation de Mme assal khadija, âgée de 38 ans, admise le 25 Aout 2010, au service des urgences d'ORL et maxillo-faciales, à l'hôpital 20 aout de Casablanca, victime d'un AVP, occasionnant un traumatisme facial grave, avec un important délabrement de la face, et asphyxie. Une trachéotomie a été réalisée en urgence. Le bilan lésionnel a objectivé un important fracas du massif facial intéressant l'étage supérieure, moyen et inférieur. Dans l'immédiat, un parage a été réalisé sous anesthésie  générale, la réparation des parties molles délabrées a été effectuée en endobuccale (vestibules, langue et plancher buccal) et pour les téguments de la face. Une semaine après, la patiente a été reprise pour la  reconstruction du massif facial, nous avons opté pour le «inside-out, de bas en haut" pour la réduction des fractures. Nous avons procédé à la fixation de la mandibule qui a précédé la reconstruction du maxillaire, de la pyramide nasale, et de l'orbite. L'évolution a été marquée par  l'apparition d'un orostome, qui fera l'objet après tarissement de l'infection, d'une réparation grâce à un lambeau myocutané, et une nécrose cutanée de la région zygomatique laissée à la cicatrisation dirigée. Toutes les  lésions traumatiques de la face ont des répercussions esthétiques et fonctionnelles à moyen et long termes, dont le degré dépend de la qualité de la prise en charge, qui étant la plus précoce et la plus complète possible avant la consolidation des fractures est le meilleur garant d'un résultat satisfaisant à long terme

Fractional Supersymmetry As a Matrix Model

Using parafermionic field theoretical methods, the fundamentals of 2d fractional supersymmetry ${\bf Q}^{K} =P$ are set up. Known difficulties induced by methods based on the $U_{q}(sl(2))$ quantum group representations and non commutative geometry are overpassed in the parafermionic approach. Moreover we find that fractional supersymmetric algebras are naturally realized as matrix models. The K=3 case is studied in details. Links between 2d $({1\over 3},0)$ and $(({1\over 3}^{2}),0)$ fractional supersymmetries and N=2 U(1) and N=4 su(2) standard supersymmetries respectively are exhibited. Field theoretical models describing the self couplings of the matter multiplets $(0^{2},({1\over 3})^{2},({2\over 3})^{2})$ and $(0^{4},({1\over 3})^{4},({2\over 3})^{4})$ are given.Comment: Latex,no figure,17page

Environmental interactions of tidal lagoons: A comparison of industry perspectives

Tidal lagoons are an attractive renewable energy option that could aid the UK in meeting its ambitious renewable energy targets. One of the main barriers to tidal range development in the UK to date has been regulatory environmental concern. In order for the nascent lagoon industry to move forward into development, the views of the developers and other influential stakeholders such as government bodies, regulators, conservationists and practitioners (herein referred to as 'influencing stakeholders' or 'influencers') need to be aligned. This study is the first of its kind using online questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to present and compare the views of both developers and influencing stakeholders on the environmental interactions of tidal lagoons. We find that, whilst both influencers and developers are working towards the common goal of a good environmental outcome for tidal lagoons, there are mismatches in their views in terms of the priorities given to the key environmental impacts, benefits and potential solution options. The work provides insight into what is at the forefront of developers' and influencers' minds, highlighting the key themes within their views and transforming this information into policy recommendations that will help the industry's development move forward

The FEBEX benchmark test: case definition and comparison of modelling approaches

The FEBEX (Full-scale Engineered Barriers Experiment in Crystalline Host Rock) ‘‘in situ’’ test was installed at the Grimsel Test Site underground laboratory (Switzerland) and is a near-to-real scale simulation of the Spanish reference concept of deep geological storage in crystalline host rock. A modelling exercise, aimed at predicting field behaviour, was divided in three parts. In Part A, predictions for both the total water inflow to the tunnel as well as the water pressure changes induced by the boring of the tunnel were required. In Part B, predictions for local field variables, such as temperature, relative humidity, stresses and displacements at selected points in the bentonite barrier, and global variables, such as the total input power to the heaters were required. In Part C, predictions for temperature, stresses, water pressures and displacements in selected points of the host rock were required. Ten Modelling Teams from Europe, North America and Japan were involved in the analysis of the test. Differences among approaches may be found in the constitutive models used, in the simplifications made to the balance equations and in the geometric symmetries considered. Several aspects are addressed in the paper: the basic THM physical phenomena which dominate the test response are discussed, a comparison of different modelling results with actual measurements is presented and a discussion is given to explain the performance of the various predictions.Peer Reviewe

Diagnostic challenge for ovarian malignant melanoma in premenopausal women: Primary or metastatic?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In the ovary, metastatic malignant melanoma may be confused with primary malignant melanoma and presents a diagnosis challenge. Most cases are associated with disseminated diseases and poor prognosis. We present this case report of a metastatic ovarian malignant melanoma simulating primary ovarian cancer.</p> <p>Case report</p> <p>A 45-year-old premenopausal woman was incidentally found to have an abdominal mass, 3 years after removal of a cutaneous melanoma lesion. Ultrasound and CT scan revealed left two solid masses, which were found to be an ovarian tumor at laparotomy. Left oophorectomy was performed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry showed melanoma metastasis to the ovary. Nine months later, the patient developed epilepsy and confusion. Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed unique Wright frontal lobe lesion. She underwent stereotactic radio surgery and dacarbazine monotherapy. For months later, the patient is died from disseminate disease progression.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Ovarian metastasis is an unusual presentation of cutaneous melanoma and the prognosis was dismal. As illustrated by this case report, a differential diagnosis of a metastatic malignant melanoma must be considered.</p