Pemeriksaan Tersangka Oleh Penyidik Berdasarkan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana

Penelitian ini berjudul, pemeriksaan tersangka oleh penyidik berdasarkan kitab undang-undang hukum acara pidana dengan rumusan masalah yaitu bagaimanakah bentuk pemeriksaan tersangka oleh polisi penyidik dalam KUHAP dan apakah faktor penghambat dalam pemeriksaan tersamgka oleh Polisi penyidik dalam KUHAP. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bentuk pemeriksaan tersangka oleh polisi penyidik dalam KUHAP dan untuk mengetahui faktor penghamabt dalam pemeriksaan tersamgka oleh Polisi penyidik dalam KUHAP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian hukum dapat dibedakan dalam penelitian yang bersifat normatif dan doktrinal. Penelitian normatif adalah penelitian peraturan Perundang-undangan. Penelitian doktrinal adalah penelitian terhadap asas-asas hukum, pandangan-pandangan para sarjana hukum, literatur hukum dan kegiatan perbandingan hukum. Dalam hasil penelitian bahwa bentuk pemeriksaan tersangka oleh polisi penyidik dalam KUHAP adalah mempergunakan sistem pemeriksan “akuisatur”, dimana sitersangka diproyeksikan sebagai subjek hukum dan bukan sebagai objek pemeriksan. Yang menjadi objek pemeriksaan adalah kesalahan atau perbuatan yang disangkakan kepada tersangka

Solitary Langerhans cell histiocytosis of liver with sclerosing cholangitis in an adult female

Liver is affected as a late complication of high risk cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Sclerosing cholangitis is a rare pattern associated with Langerhans cell histiocytosis of liver, which is even rarer in the adult population and has high mortality. The treatment is difficult and may require liver transplantation. We report a unique case of a 40-year-old female who developed sclerosing cholangitis associated with Langerhans cell histiocytosis without any evidence of involvement of other systems. Our patient required only surgery, and had been followed up for two years without recurrence. We could not find any other case of solitary liver involvement of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in literature published so far

Comparative performance of two extractants in colorimetric determination of soil organic matter in paddy soil

Commonly used soil organic carbon (SOC) determination methods are expensive, time consuming, require equipment and skilled personnel making them impractical to use at field level. Therefore, a laboratory analytical study was carried out to identify a suitable extractant for SOC extraction as part of an ongoing effort to develop a low cost quick method for determining soil organic matter (SOM) at field level. For this purpose, 38 soil samples were collected from different Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ) to represent typical rice based cropping pattern covering a sufficient range in texture, soil organic matter, pH, and type of management. Two extractants e.g. NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl and NaOH-EDTA were used to extract organic carbon from soil and two wavelength e.g. 300 and 400 nm were used to measure the absorbance of organic carbon in spectrophotometer. Soil organic carbon measurements by CNS analyzer were used as reference measurement to compare the extracting efficiency of SOC by the selected extractants. Both the extract and wavelength showed different degrees of error in OC measurement. The error sum square of NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl and NaOH-EDTA measured at 300 nm wavelength were 15.21 and 13.35 whereas at 400 nm it was 227.37 and 19.95, respectively. Consequently, the average error percentages at 300 nm were -33 and -8 while at 400 nm it was - 187 and -16. Based on the error sum square and error percentage, NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl performed better than the NaOH-EDTA, and 400 nm wavelength came out better than the 300 nm wavelength. In addition, both the extracts produced coloured solutions which were easily visible or detectable by naked eye and the colour intensity increased with the increase in SOC content. Variations in colour among the soils depending on organic matter content indicate that it would be possible to develop a new low cost method for SOM determination at field level by using NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl as the extractant. Further research is warranted to confirm this finding

A new method of vascular point detection using artificial neural network

Vascular intersection is an important feature in retina fundus image (RFI). It can be used to monitor the progress of diabetes hence accurately determining vascular point is of utmost important. In this work a new method of vascular point detection using artificial neural network model has been proposed. The method uses a 5×5 window in order to detect the combination of bifurcation and crossover points in a retina fundus image. Simulated images have been used to train the artificial neural network and on convergence the network is used to test (RFI) from DRIVE database. Performance analysis of the system shows that ANN based technique achieves 100% accuracy on simulated images and minimum of 92% accuracy on RFI obtained from DRIVE database

Cost modelling for inland waterway transport systems.

Inland waterways have proven to be a significant mode of infrastructure for the carriage of freight. Examples of this can be seen in many developed regions such as Continental Europe, the United States of America and to a lesser extent, the United Kingdom. The benefit resulting from the existence of waterways are enormous in both transportational and non-transportational benefits. Hence there are considerable benefits which will result from a sustained development of waterways. This study identifies all relevant parameters associated with the waterways system. They include the waterway route, the barge provision to carry the cargo and terminal facilities as an interface point for cargo handling operations. Methods have been determined to enable various costs to be estimated. This estimating procedure can be very useful for a preliminary evaluation of development proposals pending a more detailed cost analysis. Estimated benefits can also be quantified at this preliminary stage. Data has been collected from a number of reliable sources. Models have successfully been generated and each model has been validated to an acceptable level of accuracy. The analysis has been applied to a proposed development of an inland waterway transportation system in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia. The results indicate viability for the scheme and, moreover, show the degree to which designers and planners can benefit from the use of the models

Exact implicit Solution of Nonlinear Heat Transfer in Rectangular Straight Fin Using Symmetry Reduction Methods

In this paper, the exact implicit solution of the second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation which governing heat transfer in rectangular fin is obtained using symmetry reduction methods. General relationship among the temperature at the fin tip, the temperature gradient at the fin base, the mode of heat transfer, and the fin parameters and ℰ is obtained. Some numerical examples are discussed and it is shown that the temperature of fin increases when approaching from the heat source. The relationship between the fin efficiency and the temperature of fin tip is obtained for any value of the mode of heat transfer . The relationship between the fin efficiency and both the parameter and ε the temperature gradient at the fin base is obtained. To our best knowledge, solutions obtained in this paper are new

Anatomical variations of hepatic artery using the multidetector computed tomography angiography

Background: The frequency of normal and aberrant hepatic arteries differs among ethnicities. The aim of our work was to study the frequency of normal and aberrant hepatic arteries among Egyptians using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and to compare our prevalence with the prevalence of other nationalities. In addition, the gender differences of such variations were clarified. Moreover, the arterial feeding of hepatic segment IV was determined. Materials and methods: The present study was carried out on 500 patients (409 males and 91 females). Abdominal CT was performed using two MDCT systems, a 64-row, and a 256-slice system. Results: According to Michel’s classification, the normal anatomy (type I) was observed in 369 (73.8%) cases, while anomalous hepatic arterial pattern was detected in 131 (26.2%) cases. These anomalies were distributed as follows: type II in 36 (7.2%) cases, type III in 60 (12%) cases, types IV and V in 5 cases for each (1% each), type VI in 14 (2.8%) and types VIII and IX in a single case for each (0.2% each). Neither type VII nor type X was detected. Nine (1.8%) unclassified cases were observed. According to Hiaat’s classification, the anomalies were distributed as follows: type II in 41 (8.2%) cases, type III in 74 (14.8%) cases, type IV in 6 (1.2%) cases, type V in a single case (0.2%) and type VI in 2 (0.4%) cases. Finally, 7 (1.4%) unclassified cases were observed. Common hepatic artery (CHA) originated from coeliac trunk in 98% (79.8% males and 18.2% females). It originated from the abdominal aorta in 0.4% and from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in 0.4%. It was absent in 1.2%. Right hepatic artery (RHA) originated from the CHA in 86.6% (69.8% males and 16.8% females) and from the SMA in 13.2% (11.8% males and 1.4% females) and from the abdominal aorta in 0.2% (a single male case). Left hepatic artery (LHA) originated from the CHA in 91.2% and from the left gastric artery (LGA) in 8.8%. The most common origin of the segment IV blood supply was the LHA in 60.8%, followed by the RHA in 35%. Less commonly, blood supply derived from the hepatic artery proper (HAP) in 1%. Combined supply derived from RHA and LHA in 0.8%, from the LHA and HAP in 2% and the least encountered was from the RHA and HAP in 0.4%. Conclusions: Hepatic artery variations among Egyptians have a different distribution when compared to such variations among other species. The normal hepatic arterial pattern was observed in 73.8%, while the anomalous was detected in 26.2%. The CHA originated from the coeliac trunk in 98%, the RHA originated from the CHA in 86.6% and the LHA originated from the CHA in 91.2%. The most common arterial supply of the hepatic segment IV is derived from the LHA (60.2%)