Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Sikap Remaja Tentang Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Pada Siswi Kelas X Di SMA Negeri 1 Manado

: Premarital sex is one of the biggest problems regarding various case of juvenile delinquency. Teenagers with well knowledge about premarital sex will tend to have positive attitude or go away from premarital sex behavior. Goal of this research was to know the attitude of teenagers about premarital sex behavior to X grade students in SMA Negeri 1 Manado. This research was based on observational studies by the approach of cross sectional study. Sample was taken by purposive sampling technique with a total of 68 respondents. Instrument used in this research was questionnaire. Results of this was used statistical technique of Chi square test with degrees of freedom = 0,05 or 95%. From the statistical test the value gotten was p = 0,000 < α = 0,05. Conclusion of this research that there are relationships between knowledge and attitude of teenagers about premarital sex behavior to X grade students in SMA Negeri 1 Manado

Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Background: Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) and provide a reference forecast (the most likely future), and alternative scenarios assessing disease burden trajectories if selected sets of risk factors were eliminated from current levels by 2050. Methods: Using forecasts of major drivers of health such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI; a composite measure of lag-distributed income per capita, mean years of education, and total fertility under 25 years of age) and the full set of risk factor exposures captured by GBD, we provide cause-specific forecasts of mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age and sex from 2022 to 2050 for 204 countries and territories, 21 GBD regions, seven super-regions, and the world. All analyses were done at the cause-specific level so that only risk factors deemed causal by the GBD comparative risk assessment influenced future trajectories of mortality for each disease. Cause-specific mortality was modelled using mixed-effects models with SDI and time as the main covariates, and the combined impact of causal risk factors as an offset in the model. At the all-cause mortality level, we captured unexplained variation by modelling residuals with an autoregressive integrated moving average model with drift attenuation. These all-cause forecasts constrained the cause-specific forecasts at successively deeper levels of the GBD cause hierarchy using cascading mortality models, thus ensuring a robust estimate of cause-specific mortality. For non-fatal measures (eg, low back pain), incidence and prevalence were forecasted from mixed-effects models with SDI as the main covariate, and YLDs were computed from the resulting prevalence forecasts and average disability weights from GBD. Alternative future scenarios were constructed by replacing appropriate reference trajectories for risk factors with hypothetical trajectories of gradual elimination of risk factor exposure from current levels to 2050. The scenarios were constructed from various sets of risk factors: environmental risks (Safer Environment scenario), risks associated with communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases (CMNNs; Improved Childhood Nutrition and Vaccination scenario), risks associated with major non-communicable diseases (NCDs; Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenario), and the combined effects of these three scenarios. Using the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways climate scenarios SSP2-4.5 as reference and SSP1-1.9 as an optimistic alternative in the Safer Environment scenario, we accounted for climate change impact on health by using the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change temperature forecasts and published trajectories of ambient air pollution for the same two scenarios. Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy were computed using standard methods. The forecasting framework includes computing the age-sex-specific future population for each location and separately for each scenario. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for each individual future estimate were derived from the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of distributions generated from propagating 500 draws through the multistage computational pipeline. Findings: In the reference scenario forecast, global and super-regional life expectancy increased from 2022 to 2050, but improvement was at a slower pace than in the three decades preceding the COVID-19 pandemic (beginning in 2020). Gains in future life expectancy were forecasted to be greatest in super-regions with comparatively low life expectancies (such as sub-Saharan Africa) compared with super-regions with higher life expectancies (such as the high-income super-region), leading to a trend towards convergence in life expectancy across locations between now and 2050. At the super-region level, forecasted healthy life expectancy patterns were similar to those of life expectancies. Forecasts for the reference scenario found that health will improve in the coming decades, with all-cause age-standardised DALY rates decreasing in every GBD super-region. The total DALY burden measured in counts, however, will increase in every super-region, largely a function of population ageing and growth. We also forecasted that both DALY counts and age-standardised DALY rates will continue to shift from CMNNs to NCDs, with the most pronounced shifts occurring in sub-Saharan Africa (60·1% [95% UI 56·8–63·1] of DALYs were from CMNNs in 2022 compared with 35·8% [31·0–45·0] in 2050) and south Asia (31·7% [29·2–34·1] to 15·5% [13·7–17·5]). This shift is reflected in the leading global causes of DALYs, with the top four causes in 2050 being ischaemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, compared with 2022, with ischaemic heart disease, neonatal disorders, stroke, and lower respiratory infections at the top. The global proportion of DALYs due to YLDs likewise increased from 33·8% (27·4–40·3) to 41·1% (33·9–48·1) from 2022 to 2050, demonstrating an important shift in overall disease burden towards morbidity and away from premature death. The largest shift of this kind was forecasted for sub-Saharan Africa, from 20·1% (15·6–25·3) of DALYs due to YLDs in 2022 to 35·6% (26·5–43·0) in 2050. In the assessment of alternative future scenarios, the combined effects of the scenarios (Safer Environment, Improved Childhood Nutrition and Vaccination, and Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenarios) demonstrated an important decrease in the global burden of DALYs in 2050 of 15·4% (13·5–17·5) compared with the reference scenario, with decreases across super-regions ranging from 10·4% (9·7–11·3) in the high-income super-region to 23·9% (20·7–27·3) in north Africa and the Middle East. The Safer Environment scenario had its largest decrease in sub-Saharan Africa (5·2% [3·5–6·8]), the Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenario in north Africa and the Middle East (23·2% [20·2–26·5]), and the Improved Nutrition and Vaccination scenario in sub-Saharan Africa (2·0% [–0·6 to 3·6]). Interpretation: Globally, life expectancy and age-standardised disease burden were forecasted to improve between 2022 and 2050, with the majority of the burden continuing to shift from CMNNs to NCDs. That said, continued progress on reducing the CMNN disease burden will be dependent on maintaining investment in and policy emphasis on CMNN disease prevention and treatment. Mostly due to growth and ageing of populations, the number of deaths and DALYs due to all causes combined will generally increase. By constructing alternative future scenarios wherein certain risk exposures are eliminated by 2050, we have shown that opportunities exist to substantially improve health outcomes in the future through concerted efforts to prevent exposure to well established risk factors and to expand access to key health interventions

Pengaruh Pelatihan, Komunikasi dan Promosi Jabatan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di PT. Pln (Persero) Distribusi Bali

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan, komunikasi dan promosi jabatan terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT. PLN (Persero) Distribusi Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Pada penelitian ini jumlah populasi adalah 163 karyawan dan diperoleh jumlah sampel adalah 116 orang dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Hasil Uji Hipotesis menunjukan bahwa Pelatihan (X1) adalah 0,509&nbsp; bernilai positif, Komunikasi (X2) adalah 0,584 bernilai positif serta Promosi Jabatan (X3) adalah 0,183&nbsp; bernilai positif. Berdasarkan persamaan regresi linear berganda tersebut, menunjukan bahwa variabel Pelatihan, Komunikasi dan Promosi Jabatan berpengaruh positif terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. PLN (Persero) Distribusi Bali. Hasil Uji R2 bernilai 0,789&nbsp; menunjukkan bahwa 78,9 persen dari variasi Kinerja Karyawan (Y) dipengaruhi oleh Pelatihan (X1), Komunikasi (X2), Promosi Jabatan (X3) sedangkan sisanya sebesar 21,1 persen dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam model penelitian ini

Strategi Androgini Calon Legislatif pada Pemilu Serentak di Kecamatan Kuta Utara

Androgyny carried out by legislative candidates in North Kuta in an effort to make a strategy to win the 2019 legislative elections. The author uses the theory of Androgyny from Sandra Lipitz Beam, this theory is useful to imply aid assistance that you want to ask and support, depending on situational suitability. With the Porposive method, the author obtained the results of the study consisting of: Legislative candidates both men and women were able to improve the Androgynic character when consulting themselves with their constituents, looking for potential legislators related to their masculinity by using direct spaciousness and looking for direct use of spaciousness and looking for direct Interesting constituents interesting legislative is able to combine with the value of the character of women (feminine) with regard to women's welfare. The interesting author using the Androgyny strategy will be a new step in winning the legislative candidates' future strategies. Keywords : Androgyny, Political Campaign, and Gender Strateg

Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Gel Ekstrak Kulit Manggis dengan Variasi Konsentrasi

Inflamasi merupakan respon pertahanan tubuh terhadap invasi benda asing, kerusakan jaringan atau keduanya. Inflamasi ditandai dengan adanya rubor (kemerahan), kalor (panas), dolor (nyeri) dan tumor (pembengkakan). Di alam terdapat berbagai senyawa yang dapat memberikan aktivitas sebagai antiinflamasi, salah satunya adanya senyawa yang terkandung dalam kulit buah manggis. Ekstrak kulit buah manggis yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antiinflamasi, yakni γ-mangostin. Kandungan γ-mangostin pada kulit buah manggis diketahui dapat menghambat jalur aktivitas siklooksigenase (COX-2) dan dapat menurunkan level dari PGE2 (Nakatani dkk., 2004).Penelitian dilakukan dengan 6 ekor mencit yang menjadi 2 kelompok uji. Kelompok I sebagai kelompok kontrol (1 ekor mencit untuk Kontrol Positif, 1 ekor mencit untuk Kontrol Negatif dan 1 ekor mencit untuk Kontrol Normal) dan kelompok II sebagai kelompok uji sebanyak 3 ekor mencit. Pada tiap kaki kanan belakang mencit pada kontrol negatif dioleskan 100mg basis sediaan uji, pada mencit kontrol positif dioleskan 100mg voltaren emulgel dan pada kontrol normal tidak diberikan apapun. Sedangkan pada kelompok II dioleskan 100mg sediaan uji. Setelah diberi perlakuan, terhadap kaki kanan belakang mencit seluruh kelompok kecuali kelompok kontrtol normal diinjeksikan larutan karagenan sebanyak 0,1mL. Diukur volume kaki kanan belakang mencit hingga tanda batas yang telah diberikan pada menit ke-30, 60, dan 90 terhitung setelah pemberian injeksi karagenan (Vt). Nilai persen aktivitas antiinflamasi sediaan uji yang paling mendekati kontrol positif (voltaren emulgel) adalah sediaan uji dengan konsentrasi 0,1% yaitu 25,07%; 55,28%, dan 82,33% pada menit ke-30, 60 dan 90 secara berturut turut

Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Mahasiswa Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar Selama Pandemi Covid-19

COVID-19 menjadi wabah yang telah menyebar luas di dunia termasuk Indonesia. Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat atau PHBS adalah upaya untuk memperkuat budaya seseorang, kelompok maupun masyarakat agar peduli dan mengutamakan kesehatan untuk mewujudkan kehidupan yang lebih berkualitas. Mahasiswa di fakultas kesehatan memiliki akses yang lebih banyak terhadap informasi kesehatan dibandingkan fakultas non kesehatan. Penerapan PHBS dengan baik dapat membantu pencegahan COVID-19. &nbsp;Oleh karena itu, penelitian dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat antara mahasiswa fakultas kesehatan dan mahasiswa fakultas nonkesehatan di Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan 96 orang responden yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Responden dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu 48 orang mahasiswa fakultas kesehatan dan 48 orang mahasiswa fakultas non kesehatan. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan mengenai perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat antara mahasiswa fakultas kesehatan dan fakultas nonkesehatan (P=0,403). Dengan demikian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa latar belakang pendidikan tinggi tidak mempengaruhi perilaku PHBS mahasiswa di Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar. &nbsp; &nbsp

Seismic source analysis of the destructive earthquake November 21, 2022, Mw 5.6 Cianjur (Indonesia) from relocated aftershock

Acknowledgements: We thanks to Research and Community Service Institution of Bandung Institute of Technology to support this project. This project partially funded by Riset Pengembangan ITB awarded to ZFZ, Riset ITB awarded to ADN and Riset BIMA Dikti awarded to NTP. We used PyGMT27 for producing maps in Figs. 1, 4 and 5.AbstractA destructive shallow earthquake with a magnitude of 5.6 struck Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia on November 21, 2022. This earthquake resulted in 602 casualties and the collapse of over 67,504 residences. The day after the mainshock, we deployed 19 temporary seismic stations to monitor aftershocks for a period of 30 days. We manually picked arrival times for 4499 P-waves and 3419 S-waves and determined locations for 514 events. Following the velocity model update, phase refinement through waveform cross correlation, and relocation using double-difference methods, we were able to determine 442 well-defined hypocenters of the aftershocks. We identified two clusters of aftershocks: one in the NNW-SSE direction, with a length of about 8 km, and another in the WSW-ENE direction, with a length of around 6 km. The seismogenic zone of these clusters ranges from a depth of 3 to 13 km. Our interpretation suggests that these clusters may indicate a conjugate fault. It is possible that the mainshock (Mw5.6) Cianjur earthquake on November 21, 2022 occurred on the WSW-ENE direction with sinistral movement.</jats:p