Fabrication of metastable crystalline nanocomposites by flash annealing of Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 metallic glass using joule heating

Flash Joule-heating was applied to the Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 metallic glass for designing fully crystalline metastable nanocomposites consisting of the metastable B2 CuZr and low-temperature equilibrium Cu10Zr7 phases. The onset of crystallization was in situ controlled by monitoring resistivity changes in the samples. The effect of heating rate and annealing time on the volume fraction of the crystalline phases and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites was studied in detail. Particularly, an increase of the heating rate and a decrease of the annealing time lead to a lower number of equilibrium Cu10Zr7 precipitates and an increase of tensile ductility. Tailoring of these non-equilibrium microstructures and mechanical properties may not be possible unless one starts with a fully glassy material that opens new perspectives for designing metastable nanomaterials with unique physical properties

Fabrication of metastable crystalline nanocomposites by flash annealing of Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 metallic glass using joule heating

Flash Joule-heating was applied to the Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 metallic glass for designing fully crystalline metastable nanocomposites consisting of the metastable B2 CuZr and low-temperature equilibrium Cu10Zr7 phases. The onset of crystallization was in situ controlled by monitoring resistivity changes in the samples. The effect of heating rate and annealing time on the volume fraction of the crystalline phases and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites was studied in detail. Particularly, an increase of the heating rate and a decrease of the annealing time lead to a lower number of equilibrium Cu10Zr7 precipitates and an increase of tensile ductility. Tailoring of these non-equilibrium microstructures and mechanical properties may not be possible unless one starts with a fully glassy material that opens new perspectives for designing metastable nanomaterials with unique physical properties. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.EC 111/26-1, MA 3333/13-105K2012European Research Council, ERC: ERC-2013-ADG-340025Funding: This research was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Science BMBF, grant number 05K2012, the German Science Foundation under the Leibniz Program, grant numbers EC 111/26-1 and MA 3333/13-1, and the European Research Council (ERC) under the ERC Advanced Grant INTELHYB, grant number ERC-2013-ADG-340025

Analisis Efisiensi Penggunaan Faktor – Faktor Produksi pada USAhatani Padi Sawah di Desa Sei Belutu Kecamatan Sei Bamban Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai

The research done to know the use efficiency of factors that influences farmercare field production in Sei Belutu village; to know used efficiency that influences farmercare production in field paddy in Sei Belutu village. The research area decided by purposive. Data that use in tor, the research are piemer and secondary data. Analysed method use multify linear regression, efficiency analytical. The result show; that total production of field paddy in the research place real influences by using production factor; total field seeding and human resource, while the production factor; total field, seeding fertilizer, pestisida, human reseorce. Partially the use of production factors that have real influence to total production, total field,seeding and pestisida not influenced real to total production of paddy field. If see in officiency level in research place natyet in efficien condition that heed to added tha useal of production inpurt to fit standart that far research tre optimal. Key mand: efficiency, paddy field farmercare production

Fast-heating-induced formation of metallic-glass/crystal composites with enhanced plasticity

Bulk metallic glasses are known to have poor plasticity which limits their application as structural materials. Due to the lack of atomic periodicity in metallic glasses, their mechanical properties cannot be controlled the same way as in crystalline materials. Fast-heating-induced, a heating rate of 10 K s−1 and higher, crystallization of ductile nanocrystalline phase(s) leads to enhanced plasticity of metallic-glass/crystal composites. Here, an overview of controlling the microstructure on fast heating, the suggested crystallization mechanism of metastable phases and the principle of enhanced plasticity of the composites is presented and discussed, with a special focus on Cu–Zr-based metallic glasses

Pola Bakteri Aerob Pada Dispenser Air Minum Kemasan Galon Pada Konsumen Di Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado

: The use of the dispenser on gallon bottled water consumers make the presentation of drinking water to be practical but dispensers hygiene generally overlooked by consumers. Poor microbiology quality of drinking water can cause disease, which one of them is diarrhea. To determine the condition of drinking water studies or clinical testing in the laboratory is required. This study aimed to determine the pattern of aerobic bacteria in water dispenser among consumers in the District Malalayang Manado. This study used descriptive research method. Samples were taken from 20 consumers of water dispenser in the District Malalayang, Manado. Identification of bacteria was performed with the culture medium. The results showed that the highest number of Bacillus subtilis 11 samples (36.6%), Proteus vulgaris found as many 7 samples (23.3), Enterobacter cloacae 3 samples (10%), Providencia stuartii 3 samples (10%), Salmonella sp 3 sampels (10%), Escherichia coli 1 sample (3.3%), Staphylococcus sp 1 sample (3.3%) and Proteus mirabilis 1 sample (3.3%). Conclusion: The type of bacteria mostly found was Bacillus subtilis

The effect of testing procedure on DSC measurements of Gd-Ti-Zr alloy using ZrO2 container

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was applied to determine the critical temperatures of phase transformations in the Gd40Ti30Zr30 alloy (wt%). The comparative measurements were carried out using three types of measuring devices at a temperature RT- 1650°C in the same flowing gas (Ar, 99.9992%) but applying different testing procedures, which allowed obtaining dissimilar oxygen contents in the surrounding atmosphere. The high temperature interaction and reactivity taking place between molten alloy samples and ZrO2 container during DSC tests were evaluated by structural analysis of the resulting interfaces using alloy samples solidified inside the ZrO2 containers. The conducted research has demonstrated methodological difficulties accompanying measurements of the thermophysical properties of Gd-rich alloys by the container-assisted DSC method, particularly when the tests are performed in flowing argon atmosphere with significantly reduced oxygen content. Under non-oxidizing conditions, the degradation of ZrO2 container can take place during DSC testing because the selected Gd40Ti30Zr30 alloy reacts with the ZrO2 to form a continuous interfacial reaction product layer. Under slightly oxidizing conditions, the gadolinium oxide formed in situ on the alloy surface, plays the role of a barrier for direct contact between molten alloy and container and thus may suppress or even prevent the degradation of the container and its subsequent strong bonding with the holder

Experimental and ab initio molecular dynamics study of the structure and physical properties of liquid GeTe

GeTe is a prototypical phase-change material employed in data storage devices. In this work, the atomic structure of liquid GeTe is studied by x-ray and neutron diffraction in the temperature range from 1197 to 998 K. The dynamic viscosity is measured from 1273 to 953 K, which is 55 K below the solidification point, using an oscillating-cup viscometer. The density of liquid GeTe between 1293 and 973 K is determined by the high-energy γ-ray attenuation method. The experiments are complemented with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations based on density functional theory (DFT). Compatibility of the AIMD-DFT models with the diffraction data is proven by simultaneous fitting of all data sets in the frame of the reverse Monte Carlo simulation technique. It is shown that octahedral order dominates in liquid GeTe, although tetrahedral structures are also present. The viscosity of the equilibrium and weakly undercooled liquid GeTe obeys the Arrhenius law with a small activation energy of the order of 0.3 eV, which is indicative of a highly fragile liquid. The calculated density of states and electronic wave functions point to the existence of a pseudogap and localized electron states within the gap in the equilibrium liquid near the melting point as well as in the undercooled liquid