Gold Nanoparticles Based Enzyme Biosensor for the Detection of Chloramphenicol

Chronic use of chloramphenicol (CAM) antibiotic leads to anaemia and bone marrow suppression resulting in 40 – 50% mortality. Hence, there is a need to develop an economical, fast and convenient method to detect CAM in milk, honey, shrimp and other aquaculture products. In the current method, coenzyme A was used to indirectly quantify CAM (since it is the cofactor product of the acetylation reaction of CAM). Coenzyme A (CoASH) was used to stabilize gold nanoparticles which were characterized by studying their extinction spectra. The reductant concentration and synthesis time were optimized. With optimized parameters the proposed system could detect CoASH up to 0.1 nM in buffer, with a linear range of detection from 0.1 μM to 1 mM

Spray drying as effective encapsulation method for phenol degrading bacteria

485-492Encapsulated microorganisms are potential candidates for treatment of recalcitrant and persistent toxic compounds in wastewater and agriculture. Though extensive investigations have been done on bacteria with ability to degrade toxic phenolics, there is no product available for efficient removal of phenolic compounds from waste effluents. The present study aims at preparation of encapsulated microorganisms for the treatment of waste water containing phenol. Acinetobacter seifertii and Bacillus pumilus were the organisms used for effective degradation of phenol. Various encapsulation methods have been tried. Among the different carrier materials used, corn starch was found to be the best material with long shelf life. Spray drying and freeze drying were the two methods adopted for encapsulation. Based on cell viability, spray drying was found to be an effective method compared to freeze drying. A. seifertii could degrade phenol completely with in 12 h while B. pumilus degraded phenol completely within 24 h

Spray drying as effective encapsulation method for phenol degrading bacteria

485-492Encapsulated microorganisms are potential candidates for treatment of recalcitrant and persistent toxic compounds in wastewater and agriculture. Though extensive investigations have been done on bacteria with ability to degrade toxic phenolics, there is no product available for efficient removal of phenolic compounds from waste effluents. The present study aims at preparation of encapsulated microorganisms for the treatment of waste water containing phenol. Acinetobacter seifertii and Bacillus pumilus were the organisms used for effective degradation of phenol. Various encapsulation methods have been tried. Among the different carrier materials used, corn starch was found to be the best material with long shelf life. Spray drying and freeze drying were the two methods adopted for encapsulation. Based on cell viability, spray drying was found to be an effective method compared to freeze drying. A. seifertii could degrade phenol completely with in 12 h while B. pumilus degraded phenol completely within 24 h

Hexahedral modular bioreactor for solid state bioprocesses

The design of a modular bioreactor for solid state fermentation is a promising development because it keeps the homogeneity of the bed at optimal levels. This study determines the optimum geometry of elementary modules of hexahedral bioreactors subjected to constant volume. The bioreactors have a square section and do not need an external cooling system, because the optimization limits the temperature of the bed to 35 C. The geometric optimization followed the Constructal principle of minimum heat resistance. The numerical simulations take into account the following parameters: inlet air temperature and velocity, and module volume. Once the elementary module has been selected, the total volume of the bioreactor can be calculated