Validation of the Chinese version of the "Mood Disorder Questionnaire" for screening bipolar disorder among patients with a current depressive episode

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) is a well-recognized screening tool for bipolar disorder, but its Chinese version needs further validation. This study aims to measure the accuracy of the Chinese version of the MDQ as a screening instrument for bipolar disorder (BPD) in a group of patients with a current major depressive episode.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>142 consecutive patients with an initial DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of a major depressive episode were screened for BPD using the Chinese translation of the MDQ and followed up for one year. The final diagnosis, determined by a special committee consisting of three trained senior psychiatrists, was used as a 'gold standard' and ROC was plotted to evaluate the performance of the MDQ. The optimal cut-off was chosen by maximizing the Younden's index.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 142 patients, 122 (85.9%) finished the one year follow-up. On the basis of a semi-structured clinical interview 48.4% (59/122) received a diagnosis of unipolar depression (UPD), 36.9% (45/122) BPDII and 14.8% (18/122) BPDI. At the end of the one year follow-up,9 moved from UPD to BPD, 2 from BPDII to UPD, 1 from BPDII to BPDI, the overall rate of initial misdiagnosis was 16.4%. MDQ showed a good accuracy for BPD: the optimal cut-off was 4, with a sensitivity of 0.72 and a specificity of 0.73. When BPDII and BPDI were calculated independently, the optimal cut-off for BPDII was 4, with a sensitivity of 0.70 and a specificity of 0.73; while the optimal cut-off for BPDI was 5, with a sensitivity of 0.67 and a specificity of 0.86.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results show that the Chinese version of MDQ is a valid tool for screening BPD in a group of patients with current depressive episode on the Chinese mainland.</p

Treatment received and treatment adequacy of depressive disorders among young adults in Finland

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Research on Social Media User Suicide Influencing Factors, Active Recognition and Intervention

With the development of Internet, more and more people express their own feeling on the social media, including suicide declaration, which create new opportunity for the identifying, preventing and intervening of suicide high risk group. The influencing factors of suicide behavior are numerous, mainly including internal and external factors. Internal factors include biological factors, mental disorders and psychological factors; external factors include negative life events, family factors, social environment factors and cultural factors. Systematic intervention of Internet is used to establish an automatic identification and assessment of suicide ideation in social media, and a mental psychotherapy with many other psychotherapies. Through timely intervention and referral, systematic intervention and continuous care intervention process, social media users can eliminate suicide idea and reduce suicide probability. At present, researchers pay more attention to the development process and mechanism of suicidal behavior. In the future, it will be necessary to establish Internet suicide intervention system and study the effect of different psychological intervention on Internet suicide. &copy; 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.</p