Exact, E=0, Solutions for General Power-Law Potentials. I. Classical Orbits

For zero energy, $E=0$, we derive exact, classical solutions for {\em all} power-law potentials, $V(r)=-\gamma/r^\nu$, with $\gamma>0$ and $-\infty <\nu<\infty$. When the angular momentum is non-zero, these solutions lead to the orbits $\r(t)= [\cos \mu (\th(t)-\th_0(t))]^{1/\mu}$, for all $\mu \equiv \nu/2-1 \ne 0$. When $\nu>2$, the orbits are bound and go through the origin. This leads to discrete discontinuities in the functional dependence of $\th(t)$ and $\th_0(t)$, as functions of $t$, as the orbits pass through the origin. We describe a procedure to connect different analytic solutions for successive orbits at the origin. We calculate the periods and precessions of these bound orbits, and graph a number of specific examples. Also, we explain why they all must violate the virial theorem. The unbound orbits are also discussed in detail. This includes the unusual orbits which have finite travel times to infinity and also the special $\nu = 2$ case.Comment: LaTeX, 27 pages with 12 figures available from the authors or can be generated from Mathematica instructions at end of the fil

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Response

The epistolic response to other letters published in The New England Journal of Medicine 337 (2017), no. 19, pp. 1903-1905, as a result of the Review Article: B. Taylor Thompson, Rachel C. Chambers, Kathleen D. Liu, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, The New England of Medicine 377, no. 6, (2017), pp. 562-572

Brownian bridges to submanifolds

We introduce and study Brownian bridges to submanifolds. Our method involves proving a general formula for the integral over a submanifold of the minimal heat kernel on a complete Riemannian manifold. We use the formula to derive lower bounds, an asymptotic relation and derivative estimates. We also see a connection to hypersurface local time. This work is motivated by the desire to extend the analysis of path and loop spaces to measures on paths which terminate on a submanifold

Natural Orifice Surgery (NOS) Using StomaphyX™ for Repair of Gastric Leaks after Bariatric Revisions

Gastric leaks represent serious complications of bariatric surgery. With the increasing popularity and performance of bariatric procedures, the incidence of leaks and associated complications are expected to increase. Minimally invasive natural orifice surgery represents a novel and promising approach to gastric leak management, especially for morbidly obese patients who are at much higher risk from open or laparoscopic surgical procedures. The present article reports two cases of the safe and successful use of the EndoGastric Solutions StomaphyX™ device to alter the flow of gastric contents and repair gastric leaks resulting from bariatric revision surgery. Both patients were at a high risk and could not undergo another open or laparoscopic surgery to correct the leaks that were not healing. The StomaphyX procedures lasted approximately 30 min, were performed without any complications, and resulted in the resolution of the gastric leaks in both patients

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Fifty years ago, Ashbaugh and colleagues described 12 patients with tachypnea, refractory hypoxemia, and diffuse opacities on chest radiographs after infection or trauma.1 Prominent hyaline membranes were seen lining the alveolar spaces of the lungs in 6 of the 7 patients who died, findings previously thought to be specific for the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn. Thus, the term adult (later changed to acute) respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was proposed. Since ARDS was last reviewed in the Journal, 17 years ago,2 substantial progress has been made in the care of affected patients and those at risk for the disorder, with reductions in both incidence and mortality. However, ARDS remains a relatively common and lethal or disabling syndrome. In a recent international study involving 29,144 patients,3 10% of all patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and 23% of mechanically ventilated patients had ARDS. Mortality in the subgroup of patients with severe ARDS was 46%.3 Patients who survive this disorder are at high risk for cognitive decline, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and persistent skeletal-muscle weakness

Screening families of patients with premature coronary heart disease to identify avoidable cardiovascular risk: a cross-sectional study of family members and a general population comparison group

&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Primary prevention should be targeted at individuals with high global cardiovascular risk, but research is lacking on how best to identify such individuals in the general population. Family history is a good proxy measure of global risk and may provide an efficient mechanism for identifying high risk individuals. The aim was to test the feasibility of using patients with premature cardiovascular disease to recruit family members as a means of identifying and screening high-risk individuals. &lt;b&gt;Findings:&lt;/b&gt; We recruited family members of 50 patients attending a cardiology clinic for premature coronary heart disease (CHD). We compared their cardiovascular risk with a general population control group, and determined their perception of their risk and current level of screening. 103 (36%) family members attended screening (27 siblings, 48 adult offspring and 28 partners). Five (5%) had prevalent CHD. A significantly higher percentage had an ASSIGN risk score &#62;20% compared with the general population (13% versus 2%, p &#60; 0.001). Only 37% of family members were aware they were at increased risk and only 50% had had their blood pressure and serum cholesterol level checked in the previous three years. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Patients attending hospital for premature CHD provide a mechanism to contact family members and this can identify individuals with a high global risk who are not currently screened

GFS, a preparation of Tasmanian Undaria pinnatifida is associated with healing and inhibition of reactivation of Herpes

BACKGROUND: We sought to assess whether GFS, a proprietary preparation of Tasmanian Undaria pinnatifida, has effects on healing or re-emergence of Herpetic infections, and additionally, to assess effects of GFS in vitro. Undaria is the most commonly eaten seaweed in Japan, and contains sulphated polyanions and other components with potential anti-viral activity. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections have lower reactivation rates and Herpes type 2 (HSV-2) infections have lower incidence in Japan than in the west. METHODS: Patients with active (15 subjects) or latent (6 subjects) Herpetic infections (HSV-1, 2, EBV, Zoster) were monitored for response to ingestion of GFS. GFS extract was tested in vitro for human T cell mitogenicity and anti-Herpes activity. RESULTS: Ingestion of GFS was associated with increased healing rates in patients with active infections. In addition, patients with latent infection remained asymptomatic whilst ingesting GFS. GFS extract inhibited Herpes viruses in vitro and was mitogenic to human T cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of GFS has inhibitory effects on reactivation and is associated with increased rate of healing after Herpetic outbreaks. GFS extract potently inhibited Herpes virus in vitro, and had mitogenic effects on human T cells

A step counting hill climbing algorithm

This paper presents a new single-parameter local search heuristic named Step Counting Hill Climbing algorithm (SCHC). It is a very simple method in which the current cost serves as an acceptance bound for a number of consecutive steps. This is the only parameter in the method that should be set up by the user. Furthermore, the counting of steps can be organized in different ways; therefore the proposed method can generate a large number of variants and also extensions. In this paper, we investigate the behaviour of the three basic variants of SCHC on the university exam timetabling problem. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method shares the main properties with the Late Acceptance Hill Climbing method, namely its convergence time is proportional to the value of its parameter and a non-linear rescaling of a problem does not affect its search performance. However, our new method has two additional advantages: a more flexible acceptance condition and better overall performance. In this study we compare the new method with Late Acceptance Hill Climbing, Simulated Annealing and Great Deluge Algorithm. The Step Counting Hill Climbing has shown the strongest performance on the most of our benchmark problems used

Modulation of adipocyte G-protein expression in cancer cachexia by a lipid-mobilizing factor (LMF)

Adipocytes isolated from cachectic mice bearing the MAC 16 tumour showed over a 3-fold increase in lipolytic response to both low concentrations of isoprenaline and a tumour-derived lipid mobilizing factor (LMF). This was reflected by an enhanced stimulation of adenylate cyclase in plasma membrane fractions of adipocytes in the presence of both factors. There was no up-regulation of adenylate cyclase in response to forskolin, suggesting that the effect arose from a change in receptor number or G-protein expression. Immunoblotting of adipocyte membranes from mice bearing the MAC16 tumour showed an increased expression of Gαs up to 10% weight loss and a reciprocal decrease in Gα. There was also an increased expression of Gαs and a decrease in Gα in adipose tissue from a patient with cancer-associated weight loss compared with a non-cachectic cancer patient. The changes in G-protein expression were also seen in adipose tissue of normal mice administered pure LMF as well as in 3T3L1 adipocytes in vitro. The changes in G-protein expression induced by LMF were attenuated by the polyunsaturated fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This suggests that this tumour-derived lipolytic factor acts to sensitize adipose tissue to lipolytic stimuli, and that this effect is attenuated by EPA, which is known to preserve adipose tissue in cancer cachexia. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaig

Pleosporales

One hundred and five generic types of Pleosporales are described and illustrated. A brief introduction and detailed history with short notes on morphology, molecular phylogeny as well as a general conclusion of each genus are provided. For those genera where the type or a representative specimen is unavailable, a brief note is given. Altogether 174 genera of Pleosporales are treated. Phaeotrichaceae as well as Kriegeriella, Zeuctomorpha and Muroia are excluded from Pleosporales. Based on the multigene phylogenetic analysis, the suborder Massarineae is emended to accommodate five families, viz. Lentitheciaceae, Massarinaceae, Montagnulaceae, Morosphaeriaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae