Effect of methionine:lysine ratio on growth performance and blood metabolites of growing-finishing pigs

Eighty growing-finishing pigs (40 barrows and 40 gilts) were used in three consecutive growth assays to determine the optimum methionine:lysine ratio for pigs weighing from 48 to 107 lb, 120 to 179 lb, and 191 to 245 lb, respectively. Each growth assay was to be conducted for a 28-d period with a 14-d transition period between assays. Pigs were allotted by weight and placed in pens each containing one barrow and one gilt. Pigs were assigned to one of eight experimental treatments with five replicate pens per treatment. Pigs were fed diets containing either high lysine (1.0, .9, or .8%, respectively) or low lysine (.8, .7, or .6%, respectively) with dietary methionine at 24.5, 28, 31.5, or 35% of lysine. This would correspond to total sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine + cystine) of 49, 56, 63, and 70% relative to lysine. During the first study (48 to 107 lb), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (F/G) improved with increasing dietary lysine. Although no differences occurred in growth performance with increasing methionine ratio, there was a numeric improvement in growth performance for those pigs receiving diets containing 28% methionine relative to lysine. A lysine × methionine interaction was observed for blood urea N with pigs having the lowest BUN values observed with methionine at 24.5 and 31.5% of lysine for pigs fed .8 and 1.0% lysine, respectively. During phase II (120 lb to 179 lb), ADG improved with increasing dietary lysine and showed a linear response to increasing methionine ratio. Feed efficiency was also improved with increasing dietary lysine. For the third phase (191 to 245 lb), ADG also improved with increasing dietary lysine. There were no significant differences in feed intake; however, feed efficiency improved with increasing dietary lysine. In summary, because of high ADFI observed in these studies, the dietary methionine levels used closely met or exceeded the pig's requirement on a grams/day basis. Therefore, these data suggest that increasing dietary methionine does not improve pig performance

Influence of dietary lysine on growth performance of high-lean growth gilts fed from 160 to 300 lb

One-hundred eight high-lean growth gilts (159.6 lb) were used to determine the dietary lysine requirement to optimize growth performance from 160 to 300 lb. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block, with initial weight serving as the blocking factor. Six dietary treatments were used, ranging from .44 to .94% digestible lysine (.59 to 1.16% total lysine). Pigs were housed in pens of three, with six replicate pens/treatment. Pig weights and feed disappearance were collected weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (F/G). Average daily gain increased from 160 to 230 lb, from 230 to 300 lb, and from 160 to 300 lb. Average daily feed intake was not influenced by dietary treatment. The gilts consumed 6.47, 6.65, and 6.56 lb/day from 160 to 230, from 230 to 300, and from 160 to 300 lb, respectively. Thus, F/G improved linearly from 160 to 230 lb and quadratically from 230 to 300 and from 160 to 300 lb as a function of increased ADG. Lysine intake was increased linearly for all three weight periods as digestible lysine increased in the diet. The data from this experiment suggest that high-lean growth gilts requires at least 26 g/d of lysine from 160 to 230 and from 230 to 300 lb. Thus, matching nutrition with genetics is essential to optimize both rate and efficiency of gain

Search for periodic signals in the dielectron and diphoton invariant mass spectra using 139 fb−1 of pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for physics beyond the Standard Model inducing periodic signals in the dielectron and diphoton invariant mass spectra is presented using 139 fb−1 of √s =13 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Novel search techniques based on continuous wavelet transforms are used to infer the frequency of periodic signals from the invariant mass spectra and neural network classifiers are used to enhance the sensitivity to periodic resonances. In the absence of a signal, exclusion limits are placed at the 95% confidence level in the two-dimensional parameter space of the clockwork gravity model. Model-independent searches for deviations from the background-only hypothesis are also performed

The effect of increasing dietary methionine on performance of the early-weaned pig

A total of 216 pigs (initially 10.8 lb and 21 d of age) was used in a 35 d growth trial to determine the effect of increased dietary methionine on growth performance for the early-weaned pig when offered a porcine plasma-based diet. During d 0 to 21 postweaning, increasing methionine levels were obtained by adding DL-methionine to a common basal diet. The control diet was corn-soybean meal-based; contained 10% spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), 20% dried whey, 3% lactose, and 1.75% spray-dried blood meal (SDBM); and was formulated to contain 1.6% lysine and .28% methionine. DL-methionine replaced sucrose in the control diet to achieve the experimental dietary methionine levels of .28, .32, .36, .40, .44, and .48%. Six pigs were housed per pen with six pens per treatment. From d 21 to 35 postweaning, all pigs were switched to a common diet containing 10% dried whey and 2.5% SDBM and formulated to contain 1.25% lysine. During d 0 to 21, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (F/G) were improved quadratically as dietary methionine increased, with maximum growth performance being obtained between .40 and .44% dietary methionine. Average daily gain was not affected during the second half (d 21 to 35) of the trial. However, both ADFI and feed efficiency were improved with increasing methionine level fed during phase I. On d 7 and 14 postweaning, blood urea N was reduced as dietary methionine increased. Pigs fed .40% dietary methionine had the lowest blood urea N concentration on d 14 compared to pigs fed the other methionine levels. Cumulative (d 0 to 35) ADG and ADFI were maximized between .40 and .44% dietary methionine. These data suggest that the early-weaned pig requires approximately .40 to .44% dietary methionine to optimize growth performance. This corresponds to .345 to .385% digestible methionine and 1.27 and 1.55 g/d of methionine intake from d 0 to 14 postweaning. These requirements are substantially higher than those previously recommended